Solvent extraction of strontium into nitrobenzene using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of 12-crown-4

Extraction of microamounts of strontium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^-) in the presence of 12-crown-4 (12C4,L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, HL₂ ⁺, SrL²⁺ and SrL₂ ^+2- are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of strontium and barium into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of dicyclohexano-24-crown-8

Extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^?) in the presence of dicyclohexano-24-crown-8 (DCH24C8, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, $ {\text{HL}}_{2}^{ + }, $ ML²⁺ and $ {\text{ML}}_{ 2}^{2 + } $ (M²⁺ = Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined. It was found that in water–saturated nitrobenzene, the stability constants of the complexes BaL²⁺ and $ {\text{BaL}}_{ 2}{^{2 + }}, $ where L = DCH24C8, are somewhat higher than those of the corresponding species SrL²⁺ and $ {\text{SrL}}_{ 2}{^{2 + }} $ with the same ligand L.     

Solvent extraction of calcium and strontium into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of polypropylene glycol PPG 425

From extraction experiments and γ-activity measurements, the exchange extraction constants corresponding to the general equilibrium M⁺(aq) + Cs⁺(org) ⟺ M⁺(org) + Cs⁺(aq) taking place in the two-phase water–phenyltrifluoromethyl sulfone (abbrev. FS 13) system (M⁺ = Li⁺, H₃O⁺, Na⁺, NH₄⁺ \hbox{NH}_{4}{}^{+} , Ag⁺, Tl⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺; aq = aqueous phase, org = FS 13 phase) were evaluated. Furthermore, the individual extraction constants of the M⁺ cations in the mentioned two-phase system were calculated; they were found to increase in the series of Li⁺ < H₃O⁺ < Na⁺< NH₄ ⁺ \hbox{NH}_{4}{}^{ + } < Ag⁺ < Tl⁺ < K⁺ < Rb⁺ < Cs⁺.     

Solvent extraction of sodium from water into nitrobenzene by using strontium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of benzo-15-crown-5

Summary From extraction experiments andg-activity measurements, the extraction constant corresponding to the 2Na⁺(aq)+SrL(nb)?2NaL⁺(nb)+Sr²⁺(aq) equilibrium taking place in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system (L=benzo-15-crown-5; aq=aqueous phase, nb=nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated as log K_ex(2Na⁺,SrL)=1.0±0.1. Further, the stability constant of the benzo-15-crown-5-sodium complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated for a temperature of 25 °C: log b_nb(NaL⁺)=7.8±0.1.     

Solvent extraction of microamounts of strontium from water into nitrobenzene by using cesium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of 15-crown-5

Extraction distribution of microamounts of strontium in the water-CsCl-15-crown-5 (15C5,L)-nitrobenzene-cesium dicarbollylcobaltate system has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the CsL⁺, CsL₂ ⁺ and SrL₂ ²⁺ complexes are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium into nitrobenzene using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of polyethylene glycol PEG 600

Extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B⁻) in the presence of polyethylene glycol PEG 600 (L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, H₂L²⁺, ML²⁺ and MHL³⁺ (M²⁺ = Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined. It was found that in water-saturated nitrobenzene the stability constant of the BaL²⁺ cationic complex species is essentially higher than that of the complex SrL²⁺.     

Solvent extraction of barium into nitrobenzene by using ammonium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of 15-crown-5

Extraction of microamounts of barium by a nitrobenzene solution of ammonium dicarbollylcobaltate (NH₄ ⁺B^-) in the presence of 15-crown-5(15C5,L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes NH₄L⁺, NH₄L₂ ⁺ and BaL₂ ²⁺ are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of cesium into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate and dodecaethylene glycol

Solvent extraction of microamounts of cesium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B⁻) in the presence of dodecaethylene glycol (DDEG, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the species HL⁺, H₂L²⁺, CsL⁺ and CsHL²⁺ (L = DDEG) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the complex species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of lead using a nitrobenzene solution of strontium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of polyethylene glycol PEG 400

Summary From extraction experiments and γ-activity measurements, the extraction constant corresponding to the equilibrium Pb²⁺(aq)+SrL²⁺ (nb)↔PbL²⁺ (nb)+Sr²⁺ (aq) taking place in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system (L=PEG 400; aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated as logK_ex(Pb²⁺, SrL²⁺)=2.0±0.1. Further, the stability constant of the PEG 400 - lead complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated for a temperature of 25 °C: log β_nb(PbL²⁺)=12.9±0.1.     

Solvent extraction of some divalent metal cations into nitrobenzene by using a synergistic mixture of strontium dicarbollylcobaltate and nonactin

From extraction experiments and γ-activity measurements, the exchange extraction constants corresponding to the general equilibrium M²⁺(aq) + 1 · Sr²⁺(nb) ⇔ 1 · M²⁺(nb) + Sr²⁺(aq) taking place in the two-phase water–nitrobenzene system (M²⁺ = Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺; 1 = nonactin; aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) were evaluated. Moreover, the stability constants of the 1 · M²⁺ complexes in nitrobenzene saturated with water were calculated; they were found to increase in the following order: Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺ < Ba²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺ < Sr²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Pb²⁺.     

Extraction of silver from water into nitrobenzene using sodium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of valinomycin

Summary From extraction experiments andg-activity measurements, the extraction constant corresponding to the Ag⁺(aq) + NaL⁺(nb)?AgL⁺(nb) + Na⁺(aq) equilibrium in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system (L=valinomycin; aq=aqueous phase, nb=nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated as log K_ex(Ag⁺,NaL⁺)=-0.6±0.1. The stability constant of the valinomycin-silver complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated: log b_nb(AgL⁺)=4.6±0.1. The stability constants of complexes of some univalent cations with valinomycin were summarized and discussed.     

Solvent extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium from water into nitrobenzene using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of benzo-18-crown-6

Extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B⁻¹) in the presence of benzo-18-crown-6 (B18C6, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, ML²⁺, ML₂²⁺ and MHL₂³⁺ (M²⁺ = Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of cesium from water into nitrobenzene using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of PEG 400

Summary Extraction of microamounts of cesium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^-) in the presence of polyethylene glycol ligand PEG 400 (L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺and CsL⁺are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of strontium and barium into nitrobenzene by using synergistic mixture of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate and dibenzo-24-crown-8

Extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^?) in the presence of dibenzo-24-crown-8 (DB24C8, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the species HL⁺, HL₂ ⁺, ML²⁺, ML₂ ²⁺ and MHL₂ ³⁺ (M²⁺ = Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the complexes in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined. It was found that the stability constants of the cationic complex species BaL²⁺ and BaL₂ ²⁺ in the considered nitrobenzene medium are somewhat higher than those of the corresponding complexes SrL²⁺ and SrL₂ ²⁺.     

Synergistic extraction of calcium and strontium into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate and dodecaethylene glycol

Solvent extraction of microamounts of calcium and strontium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^?) in the presence of dodecaethylene glycol (DDEG, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the species HL⁺, H₂L²⁺, ML²⁺ and MHL³⁺ (M²⁺ = Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺; L = DDEG) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the complex species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined. It was found that in this nitrobenzene medium, the stability constant of the SrL²⁺ complex is somewhat higher than that of CaL²⁺.     

Solvent extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium into nitrobenzene by using synergistic mixture of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate and dicyclohexano-18-crown-6

Extraction of microamounts of strontium and barium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^?) in the presence of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, $ {\text{HL}}_{ 2}^{ + } $ , ML²⁺ and $ {\text{ML}}_{ 2}^{ 2+ } $ (M²⁺ = Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺) are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined. It was found that in the mentioned medium the stability constants of the complexes BaL²⁺ and $ {\text{BaL}}_{2}^{2 + }, $ where L = DCH18C6, are somewhat higher than those of the species SrL²⁺ and $ {\text{SrL}}_{2}^{2 + } $ with the same ligand L.     

Solvent extraction of microamounts of yttrium from water into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of benzo-15-crown-5

Summary Extraction of microamounts of yttrium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^-) in the presence of benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5,L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, HL, YL³⁺, YL and YH_-1L are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Solvent extraction of calcium into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and dicyclohexano-24-crown-8

Extraction of microamounts of calcium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^?) in the presence of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6, L) and dicyclohexano-24-crown-8 (DCH24C8, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the species HL⁺, $ {\text{HL}}_{2}^{ + },$ CaL²⁺ and $ {\text{CaL}}_{2}^{2 + } $ (L = DCH18C6, DCH24C8) are present in the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the complex species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined. It was found that the stability constants of CaL²⁺ (L = DCH18C6, DCH24C8) for both ligands under study are practically the same in nitrobenzene saturated with water, whereas in this medium the stability of the complex $ {\text{CaL}}_{2}^{2 + } $ involving the DCH24C8 ligand is somewhat higher than that of $ {\text{CaL}}_{2}^{2 + } $ with the ligand DCH18C6.     

Extraction of microamounts of strontium into nitrobenzene by using hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6

Summary Extraction of microamounts of strontium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^-) in the presence of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6, L) has been investigated. The equilibrium data have been explained assuming that the complexes HL⁺, HL, SrL²⁺and SrL are extracted into the organic phase. The values of extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water have been determined.     

Extraction of lead from water into nitrobenzene by using strontium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of benzo-15-crown-5

Summary From extraction experiments andg-activity measurements, the extraction constant corresponding to the equilibrium Pb²⁺(aq)+SrL(nb)?PbL(nb)+Sr²⁺(aq)taking place in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system (L = benzo-15-crown-5; aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated aslog K_ex(Pb²⁺,SrL)=0.1±0.1. Further, the stability constant of the benzo-15-crown-5-lead complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated for a temperature of25 °C:log b_nb(PbL)=13.2±0.1.