Currents and green's functions for dual models (II) off-shell dual amplitudes

Off-shell dual amplitudes are constructed in a way consistent with factorization in the space of harmonic oscillators of the conventional model. They are shown to have only correctly located singularities. The use of domain variational theory on Riemann surfaces is of crucial importance to prove this result. The case of currents with quantum numbers is also discussed.     

Mass spectra of dual strings

Dual strings seem to correspond uniquely to certain subgroups of the modular group. From three axioms, one of which is a tentative simplicity assumption, a finite number of possible mass spectra is derived, but not yet the corresponding amplitudes. Above space-time dimension 8, this approach yields just the mass spectra of the known models, plus one additional candidate for 10 dimensions. Further models exist probably for dimensions 8, 6, and 4, and perhaps for dimensions 5 and 3. The mass spectrum of one candidate for the “correct model” is determined. It yields only mesons of charge zero, but otherwise the agreement with experiment is amazing.     

A theory of dual massive strings

A theory of relativistic strings with non-vanishing mechanical mass is developed. The theory involves the usual massless strings, and the main features of the massless theory are retained so that the system is dual and ghost-free. Some new features appear especially in the mass spectrum of the pomeron sector. The mode with Neveu-Schwarz spin is also considered.     

Fine structure of strings

We show that the critical behavior of the string tension and most other important qualitative properties of strings are driven by a term in the action containing extrinsic curvatures, which is necessary to add to the Nambu-Goto term. Depending on the renormalization-group structure, strings can be “creased” (with non-zero surface tension at the critical point) or “smooth”. Candidates for both possibilities and their physical relevance are discussed.     

Functional integrals for the partition functions of dual strings

We show how the partition functions and helicity partition functions of the known dual strings can be obtained from functional integrals. We define these integrals using a cut-off which is essentially equivalent to Ramanujan's definition of divergent sums. This leads to a very compact algorithm.     

Anyonic strings and membranes in anti-de Sitter space and dual Aharonov-Bohm effects

It is observed that strings in AdS(5) x S(5) and membranes in AdS(7) x S(4) exhibit long range phase interactions. Two well separated membranes dragged around one another in anti-de Sitter space (AdS) acquire phases of 2 pi/N. The same phases are acquired by a well separated F and D string dragged around one another. The phases are shown to correspond to both the standard and a novel type of Aharonov-Bohm effect in the dual field theory.     

From dual amplitudes to non-critical strings: a brief review

Work supported in part by the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique.     

Nambu-Jona-Lasinio version of magnetic monopole physics with dual Dirac strings

We propose a model where a condensate of monopole-antimonopole pairs leads to confinement. Magnetic monopoles are considered as massless fermion fields interacting via local four-monopole interaction of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio kind leading to monopole condensation. Condensation of magnetic monopole currents and any derivative of them are obtained. It is shown that the bosonized version of this Monopole Nambu-Jona- Lasinio (MNJL) model is reducing to London’s theory of dual superconductivity within Dirac’s extension of Maxwell’s Electrodynamics. The affinity of the MNJL-model with Compact Quantum Electrodynamics is discussed.     

Point-like hadrons from colliding beams

We recall that aframe-dependent cut-off in field theory has predicted the phenomenon apparently observed ine ⁺ e 2 hadrons in colliding beams, namely that (hadronic or semi-hadronic) cross-sectionsd/dt directly measured in the CM frame should be different (in general, larger) than those measured in the Lab frame at sufficiently high energies. A rough calculation shows quantitative agreement with the preliminary data.     

Holomorphic structure of closed strings: left-moving sector

We present here some consideration which generalizes the result in a work of Pilch and Warner to a half sector of closed strings and superdiff S¹/S¹.     

Point-like sources and the scale of quantum gravity

We review the General Relativistic model of a (quasi) point-like particle represented by a massive shell of neutral matter which has vanishing total energy in the small-volume limit. We then show that, by assuming a Generalised Uncertainty Principle, which implies the existence of a minimum length of the order of the Planck scale, the total energy instead remains finite and equal to the shell's proper mass both for very heavy and very light particles. This suggests that the quantum structure of space–time might be related to the classical Equivalence Principle and possible implications for the late stage of evaporating black holes are briefly mentioned.     

Post-Einstein cosmology: Torsion, strings, dual symmetry. II. The necessity of considering string additions and dual symmetry

This study is a direct continuation of previous work [1].     

Exclusive deuteron electrodisintegration and off-shell effects

In the framework of a covariant formalism relying on a relativistic deuteron wave function (RDWF) with one nucleon on the mass shell one deals with an exclusive deuteron electrodisintegration process in the impulse approximation. The influence of the off-shell effect of the RDWF on possible analytic and dynamic cross-section factorizations is investigated. Contributions of direct and interference electrodisintegration amplitudes have been calculated taking into account the off-shell behavior of the electromagnetic nucleon vertex. Corresponding results are compared with data on three kinematics of the SaclayD(e, é p)n experiments. It is shown that off-shell effects both of the RDWF and electromagnetic nucleon vertex must be considered properly in order to get reliable information on the high-momentum component of the RDWF.