碰撞诱导钠分子 A~1Σ_u~ →Χ~1Σ_g~ 的荧光光谱

用532 0nm激光激发Na2分子到B1Πu电子态,记录了Na(3P)原子的跃迁和Na2分子的A1Σ u-Χ1Σ g的谱带。由Na与Na2激发态发射的光谱及其强度可以认定在Na-Na2系统中的碰撞过程,Na(3P)原子线是Na2(B1Πu)到Na(3P)的碰撞能量转移产生的,预解离过程也可产生原子线。而A1Σ u的辐射而引起的。在360℃,u-Χ1Σ g到A1Σ g谱带是由B1Πu到21Σ g的碰撞转移后再由21Σ 根据辐射衰变率和荧光强度,得到Na2(B1Πu)到Na2(21Σ g)碰撞转移率系数为7 1×10-10cm3s-1,而B1Πu的预解离率为2 3×106s-1。     

与HBr(Χ1Σ+ 1,12)碰撞的CO2(0000)转动态分布

摘要：利用受激拉曼泵浦激发HBr分子至Χ1Σ+（1,12）激发态,由相干反斯托克斯-拉曼散射(CARS)光谱确定分子的激发。通过测量CARS谱相对强度,得到了HBr分子Χ1Σ+态（1,12）能级的布居数密度为n1=0.54×1013cm-3。在一次碰撞条件下,测量碰撞前后CO2（0000,J）态的激光感应荧光强度比,得到CO2转动态的双指数分布。由二分量指数拟合得到Ta=261K的低能分布和Tb=978K的高能分布。结果表明,碰撞后约有65%的分子处于低J态,属于弹性或近弹性的弱碰撞;约有35%的分子处于高J态,属于非弹性的强碰撞。在振动-转动平动（V-RT）能量转移过程中,CO2（0000,J）态的总出现速率系数为(1.3±0.3)× 10-10 cm3 molecule-1s-1;低转动态的平均倒空速率系数为(2.9±0.8)×10-10cm3molecule-1s-1。总的出现速率系数比平均倒空速率系数小,但在量级上保持一致。对CO2 J =60-74高转动态,随着J值的增加,质心平移温度和质心平移能的平均改变增加。对低转动态,在碰撞过程中,J态既可能出现也可能被倒空,平移能的改变不易确定。     

与HBr(Χ~1Σ~+v″=1,J″=12)碰撞的CO_2(00~00)转动态分布

利用受激拉曼泵浦激发HBr分子至Χ~1Σ~+(1,12)激发态,由相干反斯托克斯-拉曼散射(CARS)光谱确定分子的激发.通过测量CARS谱相对强度,得到了HBr分子Χ~1Σ~+态(1,12)能级的布居数密度为n_1=0.54×10~(13) cm~(-3).在一次碰撞条件下,测量碰撞前后CO_2(00~00,J)态的激光感应荧光强度比,得到CO_2转动态的双指数分布.由二分量指数拟合得到T_a=261 K的低能分布和T_b=978 K的高能分布.结果表明,碰撞后约有65%的分子处于低J态,属于弹性或近弹性的弱碰撞;约有35%的分子处于高J态,属于非弹性的强碰撞.在振动-转动平动(V-RT)能量转移过程中,CO_2(00~00,J)态的总出现速率系数为(1.3±0.3)×10~(-10) cm~3 molecule~(-1)s~(-1);低转动态的平均倒空速率系数为(2.9±0.8)×10~(-10) cm~3 molecule~(-1)s~(-1).总的出现速率系数比平均倒空速率系数小,但在量级上保持一致.对CO_2 J=60-74高转动态,随着J值的增加,质心平移温度和质心平移能的平均改变增加.对低转动态,在碰撞过程中,J态既可能出现也可能被倒空,平移能的改变不易确定.     

大动态范围数控弧光探测器的研制

针对HL-2A/M 高功率微波加热系统微波窗口真空侧对弧光探测的要求,基于三级放大电路和微控制器技术,完成电路设计,研制了新型弧光探测器。增益8 挡数字可调,保护阈值以20mV 的精度0~5V 数字可调,具有远程操作和数字显示功能。在不同增益和保护阈值条件下,实验测得其响应时间最大为2.56μs,能在复杂电磁环境和不同强度干扰光的条件下稳定工作,满足系统要求。     

Learning and control with large dynamic neural networks

This paper is a presentation of neuronal control systems in the terms of the dynamical systems theory, where (1) the controller and its surrounding environment are seen as two co-dependent controlled dynamical systems (2) the behavioral transitions that take place under adaptation processes are analyzed in terms of phase-transitions. We present in the second section a generic method for the construction of multi-population random recurrent neural networks. The third section gives an overview of the various phase transitions that take place under an external forcing signal, or under internal parametric changes. The section 4 presents some applications in the domain of sequence identification and active perception modeling. The section 5 presents some applications in the domain of closed-loop control systems and reinforcement learning.     

Ultrasonic gas flow meter with corrections for large dynamic metering range

Extreme accuracy is required in sing-around type gas flow meters in the sing-around period measurement. Thus the detection of the ultrasound is critical. Accurate detection of an ultrasound pulse transmitted through gas is not straightforward. Normally a zero crossing technique is applied, where a level trigger determines when to enable the zero crossing triggering. In a flowing gas, the ultrasound amplitude is modulated due to turbulence, humidity and changes in dynamic gas pressure. This introduces uncertainty as to the cycle in which the ultrasound pulse is detected. This in turn results in large errors in sing-around type gas flow meters. This paper discusses a new correction algorithm which will eliminate such trigger errors. To accomplish the verification of the new correction algorithm, a microprocessor-based sing-around gas flow meter, using 500 kHz ultrasound has been designed. The correction algorithm significantly increases the repeatability of this meter. Repeatability better than 0.5% over a dynamic meter range of 1 to 35 has been measured. Limitations of the sing-around method imposed by the new correction algorithm have been derived theoretically.     

数字式声呐大动态范围显示技术研究

量化比特数是衡量数字声呐性能的主要指标，增加比特数意味着更高的精度和更大的动态范围，但人机视觉接口只能显示有限字长的数据。本文从声呐显示技术出发，分析了突破这一局限的必要和可能。原理分析表明，对声呐数据实行过零基准处理，以ＧＳＣ算法配合小信号分层处理可有效地获得多比特位声呐数据的几乎无损的显示，对１６比特呐数据处理显示的实验结果表明，我们的处理方法达到了预斯要求。     

Recording media that exhibit high dynamic range for digital holographic data storage

A general strategy for fabricating thick, optically flat photopolymer recording media with high dynamic range (M/#) that exhibit low levels of recording-induced Bragg detuning for holographic data storage is presented. In particular, media with M/# values as high as 42 in 1-mm-thick formats are obtained. We believe that these results are the first demonstration of a holographic storage medium with a dynamic range of this magnitude. In addition, we report the holographic recording and recovery of high-capacity (480-kbit) digital data pages in these media, further illustrating their data-storage capabilities.     

Microstructured fiber based plasmonic index sensor with optimized accuracy and calibration relation in large dynamic range

A novel surface plasmon resonance photonic sensor is proposed using an index-guided microstructured fiber with an analyte channel introduced into the central core. Compared with the previous designs of porous fiber core, variation of the signal amplitude with exterior refractive index is demonstrated to be contrary to that of the sensitivity in the proposed fiber, contributing to optimized detecting accuracy over a large refractive index range of 1.33 to 1.42. By carefully choosing the central channel size, the analyte-filled core can achieve narrower resonance spectral width and higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) than the air-filled core. Sensor responses are also studied in this paper based on two spectral interrogation methods, including monitoring single resonance shift and measuring change in the resonance separation. For both methods, response linearity has been improved considerably through partially filling the core with analyte. The maximal sensitivity reaches 10^− 6 refractive index unit (RIU). The linear sensing performance along with the broad measurement range is very promising in the application of the proposed sensor as sensitive refractometer.     

基于电子轰击式CCD的大动态条纹相机研究

为了实现对更弱、以及物理量跨度更大的信号探测, 满足材料、生物、信息、半导体物理以及能源等重大科学领域对诊断精密化的进一步需求, 需要提高条纹相机的动态范围、空间分辨率和信噪比. 为此, 本文研制了基于电子轰击式CCD(EBCCD)的大动态条纹相机, 条纹变像管采用时间和空间方向分别聚焦的矩形框电极和电四极透镜结构, 可降低空间电荷效应. 并提高电子加速电压, 减小电子渡越时间以降低空间电荷相互作用时间. 采用基于电子轰击读出技术的背照式CCD(BCCD)作为读出器件, 取代传统的像增强CCD(ICCD)以缩短图像转换链, 较大地降低了超快诊断设备转换过程中的图像衰减, 从而提高条纹相机图像的信噪比、空间分辨率和动态范围. 实验得到静态空间分辨率高于35 lp/mm, 动态空间分辨率达到20 lp/mm, 偏转灵敏度为60.76 mm/kV, 动态范围达到2094:1, 扫描速度非线性为5.04%, 条纹相机的电子轰击半导体(EBS)增益达到3000以上.     

Highly sensitive digital optical sensor with large measurement range based on the dual-microring resonator with waveguide-coupled feedback

We propose a novel high-performance digital optical sensor based on the Mach-Zehnder interferential effect and the dual-microring resonators with the waveguide-coupled feedback. The simulation results show that the sensitivity of the sensor can be orders of magnitude higher than that of aconventional sensor, and high quality factor is not critical in it. Moreover, by optimizing the length of the feedback waveguide to be equal to the perimeter of the ring, the measurement range of the proposed sensor is twice as much as that of the conventional sensor in the weak coupling case.