PbO2—WC复合物阳极的研究

采用复合电沉积技术制备了ＷＣ微粒弥散于ＰｂＯ２中的ＰｂＯ２ＷＣ复合电极，研究了相结构及在Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中阳极析氧反应的性能。结果表明，与不含ＷＣ微粒的ＰｂＯ２电极比较，ＷＣ微粒改变了ＰｂＯ２电沉积的方式，复合电极的结晶更为细小和致密，α－ＰｂＯ２的含量更高，晶体产生了择优取向，该复合电极在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４溶液中阳极析氧的电催化活性提高近１倍，其化学稳定性和电化学稳定性良好。     

Co—WC电极

从钴镀液中添加ＷＣ微粒复合电沉积制备Ｃｏ－ＷＣ镀层，ＷＣ微粒的加入，加快了阴极电化学反应。Ｃｏ－ＷＣ复合电极在碱性溶液中具有优越的电催化析氢性能，并经受了长期间断电解的试验，电极性能稳定。     

Co-WC电极

从钴镀液中添加ＷＣ微粒复合电沉积制备Ｃｏ－ＷＣ镀层,ＷＣ微粒的加入,加快了阴极电化学反应．Ｃｏ－ＷＣ复合电极在碱性溶液中具有优越的电催化析氢性能,并经受了长期间断电解的试验,电极性能稳定     

Ni—WC复合电极的结晶结构及其电化学性能的研究

本文在优选的工艺条件下制备了Ｎｉ－ＷＣ复合电极。其ＳＥＭ观察和ＸＲＤ测试结果表明：复合电极中的Ｎｉ是以比Ｎｉ电极的Ｎｉ更微小的晶粒存在。复合电沉积过程中，导电性的ＷＣ微粒的存在，对基质金属Ｎｉ的电沉积方式产生了影响，使基质金属Ｎｉ几乎无择优取向性。采用循环伏安法对其电化学性能进行研究，实验结果表明：Ｎｉ－ＷＣ复合电极在碱性水溶液析氢反应中与Ｈ质子之间的吸附作用及吸附量高于Ｎｉ电极，对硝基苯的电还原反应具有比Ｎｉ电极更良好的催化活性。     

镍钴复合氧化物的制备和析氧活性

用浸碱热分解法制备了具有较高析氧活性和稳定性的复合氧化物ＮｉＣｏ＿２Ｏ＿４。考察了涂液成分、热分解温度和涂覆次数对ＮｉＣｏ＿２Ｏ＿４析氧活性的影响；测定了氧在ＮｉＣｏ＿２Ｏ＿４从电极上的稳态电化学行为。     

PbS/Ru(Ⅱ)配合物敏化Cd(Ⅱ)掺杂TiO2纳米晶电极的光电化学

合成了Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）掺杂ＴｉＯ２纳米粒子（掺杂５％Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）,用光电化学方法测定了ＰｂＳ、ＲｕＬ２（ＮＣＳ）２分别敏化及ＰｂＳ／ＲｕＬ２（ＮＣＳ）２复合敏化该纳米晶膜电极的光电化学行为,实验证明,ＰｂＳ、ＲｕＬ２ＮＣＳ）２单独敏化和ＰｂＳ／ＲｕＬ２（ＮＣＳ）２复合敏化的Ｃｄ掺杂电极比纯的ＴｉＯ２电极的光电流产生的起始波长都向长波方向移动;在３８０－６００ｎｍ范围内,ＰｂＳ／ＲｕＬ２ＮＣＳ）２复合敏化Ｃ     

W－Mn／SiO_2催化剂甲烷氧化偶联制乙烯流化床工艺条件考察

本文报导了浸渍法制备的Ｗ－Ｍｎ／ＳｉＯ_２催化剂分别在Φ２８和Φ３８毫米反吹式流化床上进行的条件试验和３００ｈ稳定性试验结果。并用ＸＲＤ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＢＥＴ等方法对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，该催化剂可适用于流化床，并具有较好的ＣＨ４氧化偶联制Ｃ２烃的催化活性和稳定性。催化剂的结构研究表明，经３００ｈ反应后，该催化剂中结晶形式的Ｎａ_２ＷＯ_４和Ｍｎ_２Ｏ_３均已消失；α－方石英结构已完全转变为α－磷石英和α－ＳｉＯ_２石英，但催化剂的这种结构变化尚未对生成Ｃ２烃的收率和选择性产生明显影响。     

碳酸铅制备铅酸蓄电池电极的研究Ⅰ.电极的活化

用循环伏安法研究了ＰｂＣＯ３粉末微电极转化为ＰｂＳＯ４电极的活化方法和条件。发现在２～２．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液中由ＰｂＣＯ３转化成ＰｂＯ２／ＰｂＳＯ４和ＰｂＳＯ４／Ｐｂ电极时,以不对称交变讯号活化（化成）后,其循环伏安性能与由球磨机生产的ＰｂＯ粉所制得的相应电极性能相近。对于负极,在含有乙炔黑胶体的Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液中化成,由于碳胶粒在ＰｂＳＯ４晶体上的吸附,阻止了充放电过程中电极材料的收缩,     

在NiSO4表面上激光促进CO＋H2合成乙烯反应机理

利用红外光谱、程序升温脱附、程序升温表面反应和激光表面反应技术研究了固体ＮｉＳＯ_４表面上ＣＯ、Ｈ_２和Ｃ_２Ｈ_４的化学吸附性能及激光促进ＣＯ加氢合成乙烯的反应机理。实验结果表明：在硫酸镍固体表面上卧式吸附于Ｓ－Ｏ－Ｎｉ键Ｓ位和Ｎｉ位的ＣＯ是激光合成乙烯的有效吸附态；解离吸附于硫氧双键氧位上的Ｈ参与ＣＯ加氢反应；激光选择激发表面Ｓ－Ｏ键，通过能量传递和驰豫使卧式吸附态Ｃ＝Ｏ键活化并与吸附态Ｈ反应生成ＣＨ_２物种和Ｈ_２Ｏ，继而邻近的ＣＨ_２结合形成产物Ｃ_２Ｈ_４。     

镍-碳化钨微粒复合电沉积机理的研究

研究了在普通镀镍溶液中导电性微粒碳化钨与基质金属镍形成复合镀层的电沉积过程，实验结果表明，导电性的ＷＣ微粒在与Ｎｉ共沉积形成Ｎｉ－ＷＣ复合镀层的过程中，也遵循Ｇｕｇｌｉｅｌｍｉ的两步吸附机理，只是在电极表面，ＷＣ微粒的弱吸附覆盖度与强吸附覆盖度的比值，较非导电性微粒的复合共沉积体系的要小得多。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.