共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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二卤卡宾的简便产生法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yamawaki 首次报道用涂渍过氟化钾的氧化铝(KF-Al_2O_3)在氯仿的α-消除反应中充当强碱,并用环已烯捕集由此所生成的二氯卡宾;但仅能得到产率为31%的7,7-二氯二环[4.1.0]庚烷,因此缺乏实用价值。作者发现,在以乙腈为反应介质的上述KF-Al_2O_3体系中加入催化量的季铵盐 相似文献
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二氯卡宾是应用最为广泛的活性中间体,早期制备二氯卡宾的方法为氯仿与叔丁醇钾等强碱作用,条件苛刻。一直到1969年Makosza和Wawrzyniewicz的著名论文发表后,用强碱水溶液和相转移催化剂制取二氯卡宾被认为是最简捷的方法。另据文献报道,以聚氧乙烯类表面活性剂作催化剂进行固-液相反应制备二氯卡宾也可获得较理想的结果。但广泛的实 相似文献
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二溴卡宾与取代苯乙酮反应机理的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了二卡宾与取代苯乙酮的反应机理。在取代苯乙酮与二溴卡宾的反应中,由于形成的羰基叶立德中间体的非平面构象,使得1,3-偶极加成难以发生,其主要反应途径为电环化和脱氧反应的竞争。当增大苯环上取代基的供电子能力时。原处于次要地位的脱氧反应的程度有所增强。但变化程度有限,故不能代替电环化成为主要反应。 相似文献
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四氯化碳与镁的反应及其反应机理的研究──产生二氯卡宾的新方法林海霞,徐良衡,黄乃聚(温州师范学院化学系,温州,325003)(复旦大学化学系)关键词二氯卡宾,偕二氯环丙烷衍生物,单电子转移偕二氯环丙烷衍生物是一类重要的有机合成中间体,它主要通过二氯卡... 相似文献
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单重态二溴卡宾和甲醛环加成反应的量化研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用量子化学密度泛函理论,研究了单重态二溴卡宾和甲醛环加成反应的机理.在B3LYP/6-31G*基组水平上,优化得到了反应途径上反应物、过渡态、中间体和产物的几何构型;计算并考察了四种可能反应途径势能面上各驻点的构型参数、振动频率和能量;通过振动分析对过渡态和中间体构型进行了确认.计算结果表明,二溴卡宾和甲醛反应有四条反应通道,其中c反应通道(即0°-0°型)控制步骤的活化能仅为13.7 kJ·mol-1,反应容易进行. 相似文献
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卤代类卡宾结构和反应活性的理论研究(Ⅱ)——类卡宾CHClFLi的结构和稳定性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用从头算分子轨道理论,研究了不同卤代类卡宾CHClFLi的结构和稳定性.优化得到4种平衡构型和相应过渡态结构.对各构型的特点进行了分析,并与相同卤代类卡宾做了比较. 相似文献
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卡宾是有机合成中的重要中间体.在过去的几十年中,过渡金属催化的卡宾转移反应取得了显著发展.近年来,可见光促进的重氮化合物通过游离态卡宾的转化也开始兴起.该类反应仅需要使用可见光作为唯一能源,符合绿色化学理念.自2018年Davies课题组和周磊课题组分别独立报道了芳基重氮酯在可见光照射下光解生成游离态卡宾物种以来,光促... 相似文献
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乙酰苯胺在超声波作用下的N—烷基化 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
超声波作为一种新型能量形式用于许多有机反应。我们对乙酰苯胺的相转移催化N-烷基化反应进行了研究。发现超声波作用能使反应在室温下顺利进行,反应产率令人满意。 所用试剂除卤代正丁烷为化学纯外均为分析纯。超声波装置为上海超声波仪器厂CQ-250型超声波清洗仪。红外光谱由岛津IR-408型仪器测定。 在圆底烧瓶中加入乙酰苯胺2.7g(0.02mol),适量相转移催化剂(PTC),50mL苯,4g氢氧 相似文献
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The catalytic asymmetric Michael reaction of a glycine Schiff base was demonstrated using new PTCs and moderate to good ee's were achieved (up to 77% ee). 相似文献
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Combining chiral elements: a novel approach to asymmetric phase-transfer catalyst design 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new dicationic asymmetric phase-transfer catalyst, designed by combining chiral elements, is described. Catalytic testing using standard glycine imino ester alkylations shows good yields and moderate enantioselectivities. 相似文献
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We report here a simple entry into the nitrostilbene system in very short reaction times and good yields using the microwave-assisted Wittig reaction in phase-transfer conditions of nitro-substituted benzyltriphenylphosphonium ylides with aldehydes. 相似文献
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Alessandro Rodrigues Claudio Di Vitta José Eduardo Pandini Cardoso Filho Liliana Marzorati Mauro Alves Bueno Paulo Roberto Olivato 《Tetrahedron letters》2010,51(40):5344-3173
Increased diastereoisomeric excesses are obtained for the sulfanylation reactions of some 2-methylsulfinyl cyclanones under phase-transfer catalysis using the chiral catalyst QUIBEC instead of TEBA. The optically pure (SS,2S)-2-methylsulfinyl-2-methylsulfanylcyclohexanone thus prepared reacts with ethyl acetate lithium enolate affording, after hydrolysis, (R)-2-[(ethoxycarbonyl)methyl]-2-hydroxycyclohexanone in 60% ee. Density functional theory calculations (at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level) can successfully explain the origin of this result as the kinetically favored axial attack of the nucleophile to the carbonyl group of the most stable conformer of the cyclanone, in which the CH3SO and CH3S groups are at the equatorial and axial positions, respectively. 相似文献
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Florence Huynh Matthew Tailby Aled Finniear Kevin Stephens Rudolf K. Allemann Thomas Wirth 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(38):16490-16495
Process intensification through continuous flow reactions has increased the production rates of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Catalytic reactions are accelerated through an unconventional and unprecedented use of a high‐performance liquid/liquid counter current chromatography system. Product generation is significantly faster than in traditional batch reactors or in segmented flow systems, which is exemplified through stereoselective phase‐transfer catalyzed reactions. This methodology also enables the intensification of biocatalysis as demonstrated in high yield esterifications and in the sesquiterpene cyclase‐catalyzed synthesis of sesquiterpenes from farnesyl diphosphate as high‐value natural products with applications in medicine, agriculture and the fragrance industry. Product release in sesquiterpene synthases is rate limiting due to the hydrophobic nature of sesquiterpenes, but a biphasic system exposed to centrifugal forces allows for highly efficient reactions. 相似文献
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G. S. Shakirzyanova V. S. Abdukakharov A. A. Abduvakhabov 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》2000,36(6):623-624
We propose a new synthesis of the sex pheromone ofLygus lineolaris (Heteroptera miridae)that uses a phase-transfer version of the Wittig-Horner reaction to produce a monoene synthon of the principal component of the pheromone, E-2-hexenylbutyrate 相似文献
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Péter Bakó László Fenichel László Töke Lajos Szente József Szejtli 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1994,18(3):307-314
A new, simple method has been developed for the methylation of cyclodextrins. The reaction proceeds in the heterogeneous phase with dimethyl sulphate, using a solvent in which the original cyclodextrins and the bases used are poorly soluble or insoluble. However, in the presence of phase transfer catalysts, methylation proceeds with good yields. The products are mixtures of randomly methylated cyclodextrins (RAMEB), containing 60–70% of heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)--cyclodextrin (DIMEB), 10–15% of heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)--cyclodextrin (TRIMEB) and some monomethylated isomers. These methylated products have proved to be excellent detergents; e.g., they are able to significantly increase the water solubility of hydrocortisone, methyltesterone, etc. On repeating methylation twice, the amount of TRIMEB increases, and a pure product (28% yield) can be obtained by crystallisation.Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Cyclodextrins (Ed. O. Huber and J. Szejtli), Munich 1988, p. 113. Kluwer Academic Publishers.Dedicated to Professor Szejtli. 相似文献
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研究了标题化合物[(Me~2Si)~n(C~5H~4)~2MCl~2, n=1,2,3;M=Ti, Zr, Hf]与酚的反应, 水解反应以及与卤素的相互置换反应。结果表明, 由于硅桥的不同它们表现出不同的反应活性。通过这些反应制备了十种新化合物, 用元素分析, 'H NMR 以及质谱鉴定了它们的结构。 相似文献