Effect of multijunction grill length on its lower hybrid current drive efficiency

The distance between the junction of subsidiary waveguides in the main waveguide and the grill mouth has an important influence upon the spectrum of radiated waves, the total reflection coefficient, the power distribution among the separate waveguides and the actual phases of incident waves. This effect is nearly as important as that of the phase shift between the adjacent waveguides and it is necessary to carry out optimization with respect to this parameter in the grill design.     

The theory of long waveguide structures radiating lower hybridwaves into a plasma

It is shown that the radiation into a plasma from the structures composed of many waveguides is well described by the theory of the infinite structures. This theory results in the efficient numerical code which is appropriate for the study of the nonlinear response of the plasma ill front of the grill. Both the infinite conventional grill and the structure built up from the infinite series of identical N-waveguide multijunction sections are investigated. It is proved that the spectrum of the last structure is the superposition of N spectra of the infinite conventional grills with the specially selected phase shifts. The theoretical results for three long structures (24-waveguide conventional grill on ASDEX and two multijunction arrays, namely a 32-waveguide grill on JET and a 30-waveguide grill proposed for T15) are compared with the predictions of the theory for the corresponding infinite structures. and the agreement is good     

Modal coupling in acoustic waveguides: planar discontinuities

A new derivation for a scattering matrix for reflection and transmission of higher order modes at the planar junction of two waveguides is presented. The derivation is extended to include finite junction wall impedance and offset waveguides. The resulting matrix equations are analyzed and the physical significance of the matrices is explained. As an example of the theory, analytical expressions for the coupling coefficients at a size change in a rectangular duct are developed and the resulting reflection and transmission coefficients are computed. The results should be of interest to the HVAC noise control community. The paper also shows the effects of modal truncation on the accuracy and convergence of the solution. It is shown that the proper selection of the ratio of the number of modes on either side of the discontinuity is related to the ratio of the characteristic sizes of the waveguides. Finally it is shown that at least one higher mode should be included for reasonable accuracy in the computation of plane wave reflection and transmission coefficients except at the very lowest frequencies.     

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通过数值模拟研究了低杂波多结波导阵天线的耦合特性。采用线型耦合理论,用艾黎函数计算了等离子体阻抗,推导出常规波导阵对等离子体的散射矩阵,并利用它和天线自身的散射矩阵研究了HT-7装置低杂波多结波导阵天线的耦合特性;计算了其平均功率反射系数、方向性系数和功率谱与等离子体边缘密度和主波导相位差等参数的关系。结果表明,与常规波导阵相比,由于多结波导阵天线存在自匹配特性,其天线功率反射系数小,且对相位不敏感。但由于存在多余副瓣,驱动效率较低。     

低杂波多结波导阵天线耦合特性的数值分析

通过数值模拟研究了低杂波多结波导阵天线的耦合特性。采用线型耦合理论,用艾黎函数计算了等离子体阻抗,推导出常规波导阵对等离子体的散射矩阵,并利用它和天线自身的散射矩阵研究了HT-7装置低杂波多结波导阵天线的耦合特性;计算了其平均功率反射系数、方向性系数和功率谱与等离子体边缘密度和主波导相位差等参数的关系。结果表明,与常规波导阵相比,由于多结波导阵天线存在自匹配特性,其天线功率反射系数小,且对相位不敏感。但由于存在多余副瓣,驱动效率较低。     

托卡马克中ECW对LHW耦合特性的影响研究

托卡马克中电子回旋波(ECW)与低杂波(LHW)协同作用的实验发现,在LHW维持的等离子体中注入ECW将引起LHW反射系数的减小.本中从理论上研究了LHW的耦合特性与天线口等离子体密度的关系,以及ECW注入后使得等离子体密度从芯部向边缘输运的pump-out现象.通过本文的研究,给出了pump-out现象的基本规律,证实了ECW所致的pump-out使得LHW天线口的等离子体密度有所提高,从而改善了LHW的耦合.这一结论得到了相关实验的支持.研究还指出,在双波协同驱动实验的研究中,由于ECW的pump-out导致边缘密度发生改变时,当对协同净增电流进行修正.     

Coherent Transmission and Reflection by a monolayer of discrete scatterers

Coherent transmission and reflection of a plane wave through a monolayer of discrete particles are considered on the basis of simple and physically transparent formulae for the single scattering approximation (SSA) corrected by introducing a multiple scattering permittivity factor. This factor allows for multiple scattering of Waves between monolayer particles, opposite to the SSA. The multiple scattering permittivity factor is considered on the basis of the quasi-crystalline approximation (QCA) via ? matrix formalism. The multiple scattering permittivity factor and parameters for obtaining coherent transmission and reflection coefficients (the effective extinction coefficient and the transmission and reflection coefficients due to rescattering) are calculated within the scope of QCA and plotted for comparison with SSA results. The expressions for these values are simplified for small Rayleigh particles to simple analytical formulae.     

X-junctions in buried channel waveguides

The excess loss across an acute-angle symmetric X-junction composed of two weakly guiding single-mode buried channel waveguides of square core cross-section is shown to be very small provided the junction angle is greater than a few degrees. Numerical and approximate analytical results are presented, as well as a simple criterion for the onset of cross-talk as the junction angle decreases.     

Recurrence relations between transformation coefficients of hyperspherical harmonics and their application to moshinsky coefficients

Closed formulae and recurrence relations for the transformation of a two-body harmonic oscillator wave function to the hyperspherical formalism are given. With them Moshinsky or Smirnov coefficients are obtained from the transformation coefficients of hyperspherical harmonics. For these coefficients the diagonalization method of Talman and Landéreduces to simple recurrence relations which can be used directly to compute them. New closed formulae for these coefficients are also derived : they are needed to compute the two simplest coefficients which determine the sign for the recurrence relation.     

Design of a Broadband E-Plane Power Combiner Based on Quarter-Arc Bent Rectangular Waveguides for Sub-THz and THz Wave

A method of designing an E-plane power combiner composed of two quarter-arc bent rectangular waveguides is proposed for sub-THz and THz waves.The quarter-arc bent-waveguide power combiner has a simple geometry which is easy to design and fabricate.By HFSS codes,the physical mechanism and performance of the power combiner are analyzed,and the relationship between the output characteristics and the structure/operating parameters is given.Simulation results show that our power combiner is suitable for the combining of two equalpower and reversed-phase signals,the bandwidth of the combiner is wide and can be adjusted by the radius of the quarter-arc,and the isolation performance of the combiner can be improved by adding thin film resistive septa at the junction of two quarter-arc bent waveguides.Meanwhile,an approximate method based on the analytic geometrical analysis is given to design this power combiner for different frequency bands.     

An approximate treatment of reflection coefficient in the phased beam tracing method for the simulation of enclosed sound fields at medium frequencies

The phased beam tracing method (PBTM) was suggested as a medium-frequency simulation technique for the calculation of impulse response, although main assumptions of geometric acoustics still hold. The phased method needs the reflection coefficient for characterizing the acoustic property of a surface and the complex wave number for describing the propagation characteristics. In this study, two types of approximate real reflection coefficients derived from the measured absorption coefficient were tested for a practical applicability. As a test example, pressure impulse responses and energy impulse responses computed from the PBTM were compared with those from the measurement and the ordinary beam tracing method. The PBTM employing the approximate reflection coefficients greatly increased the accuracy of the prediction compared to the ordinary beam tracing method, in particular at the medium-frequency range in octave bands above the Schroeder cutoff frequency. A comparison was made between angle-dependent and angle-independent reflection coefficients in the calculation of acoustic measures. Although the angle-dependent reflection coefficient yielded best matched results with measured data, but the simple angle-independent reflection coefficient can be also used with a reasonably good precision.     

Approximate method of solving the problem of diffraction of a plane electromagnetic wave by a thin chiral layer covering a perfectly conducting plane

One-sided approximate impedance-type boundary conditions for a thin chiral layer placed on a perfectly conducting plane are derived. With these conditions, the problem of incidence of a plane electromagnetic wave on a chiral structure is solved. Approximate formulas for the coefficients of reflection of the fundamental and depolarized components are derived for the case of the perpendicular polarization of the electromagnetic wave (the electric field strength is normal to the plane of incidence). A comparison with an exact solution to the problem of diffraction by this chiral structure is made.     

耦合波导管本征值的讨论

本文对文献提出一些不同的见解,对联系边界条件有另外的提法,在处理方法上亦有不同。本文认为耦合槽可以分为浅槽和深槽两种形式,首先对槽口的电场作了近似估计,然后用格林张量函数求出矩形和圆形波导耦合时的电磁场,再用边界条件得出本征方程;对于本征方程,认为可以用两个电路的导纳相等来理解。本文亦对耦合波导管的传输常数和原有波导管传输常数加以讨论,最后再对某些应用上的问题加以简单的讨论。     

Reflection coefficients of oversized coupling holes

Very simple analytical expressions are proposed for the reflection coefficients of coupling holes used in FIR waveguide lasers. The relations are carried out for dielectric and metallic circular waveguides.     

Analysis of non-linear multilayer waveguides with Kerr-like permittivities

This paper presents a semi-analytical method for calculating the dispersion relationships for stationary non-linear TE waves guided by general multilayer waveguides with Kerr-like permittivities. The non-linear wave equations are solved rigorously for each layer, and the mode index and field distribution are systematically determined so as to satisfy the boundary conditions at all interfaces. To verify the validity of the present method, a non-linear graded-index waveguide is approximated by a number of step layers and the resultant multilayer waveguide is analysed numerically. The convergence properties of mode index and total power flow are presented, and these are compared with direct solutions of the non-linear wave equation by the numerical integration method. The dispersion relationships for a non-linear multiple-quantum-well waveguide have also been investigated under two simple permittivity models. The present method is useful for the analysis of non-linear graded-index waveguides in addition to non-linear multilayer waveguides such as the multiple-quantum-well structure.     

s偏振电磁波在运动的稀薄等离子体界面上的反射与透射

对电磁波在强激光驱动的运动等离子体界面上的反射和透射进行了研究，根据电磁场在等离子体界面上所满足的边界条件以及电磁场的相对论变换理论，推导出了s偏振的电磁波在该运动等离子体界面上的反射和透射系数的表达式，并对几种特殊情况进行了讨论 关键词：     

Semi-Relativistic Reflection and Transmission Coefficients for Two Spinless Particles Separated by a Rectangular-Shaped Potential Barrier

A generalized Schrödinger approximation, due to Ikhdair & Sever, of the semi-relativistic two-body problem with a rectangular barrier in (1+1) dimensions is compared with exact computations. Exact and approximate transmission and reflection coefficients are obtained in terms of local wave numbers. The approximate transmission and reflection coefficients turn out to be surprisingly accurate in an energy range |ε-V₀|<2μ c², where μ is the reduced mass, ε the scattering energy, and V₀ the barrier top energy. The approximate wave numbers are less accurate.     

A generic approach to boundary reflection in periodic media

Waves in periodic media, whose propagation is governed by nearest neighbour interaction, are investigated. The reflection and transmission coefficients are derived for a plane wave incident from medium 1 upon medium 2, without invoking common approximations. The derivation is valid for a class of waves including magneto- and electro-inductive waves, waves on short loaded dipoles, nanoparticles, coupled waveguides and acoustic waves in monatomic media. For this last case hitherto unknown microscopic reflection and transmission coefficients are derived and shown to reduce in the continuous limit to the well-known expressions in terms of acoustic impedances.     

A computation of the reflection and transmission coefficients for dielectric coated waveguides

A previously developed variational technique for finding the approximate solution to the electromagnetic field inside waveguides of varying shapes and containing non-uniform dielectric and magnetic materials is applied to the specific case of an axisymmetric waveguide containing three layers of different dielectric materials. The magnetic permeability is taken equal to unity. The method enables the problem to be reduced to a two point boundary value problem for a pair of second order, linear, ordinary differential equations. The values of the reflection and transmission coefficients obtained by this method are in good agreement with those derived from solving the partial differential equations for the field.     

低杂波在托卡马克中的波导耦合特性

木文研究了托卡马克中隔板附近的密度陡变对低杂波波导发射和耦会的影响,发现在密度快变区存在大的波反射,严重影响了波导的耦合效率,反射的波在密度快变区和真空壁之间造成驻波场,改变了功率和能流的谱分布,使它们对等离子体边界性质变得十分敏感,此外,密度的快变还可能放宽可近性条件。 关键词：