Ipalbidine和Ipalbine的立体化学

1(ipalbidine)和2(ipalbine)是植物Ipomoea属中分离而得的两个生物碱,2具有光学活性.来源于南美洲同属植物alba L.的1为消旋体,而来源于中国同属植物华陀豆(I.hardwickii Hemsl)的1具有光学活性,其氢溴酸盐显示[α]_D~(25)十54.1°(c=1,C_2H_5OH).迄今,尚未有此二生物碱的绝对构型和优势环稠合构象的研究报道.     

3,3-二甲基-2-[β-(5-取代苯基-2-呋喃基)乙烯基]-3H-吲(口朶)的合成

2,3,3-三甲基-3 H-吲哚(盐)(Ⅰ)与一般芳香醛或芳杂醛缩合可得到相应吲哚的β-苯乙烯基衍生物(Ⅱ),后者在电照相法中是可供选用的光导体或增感剂。为寻求更可取的光导增感体系,我们考察了(Ⅰ)氢溴酸盐和甲基碘化物与一些取代芳基糠醛(Ⅲ)的反应。所需(Ⅰ)氢溴酸盐由3-H-吲哚(Ⅰ′)与40%氢溴     

2-(p-取代苯乙烯基)-3,3-二甲基-3 H-吲哚盐的合成及性能研究

2,3,3-三甲基-3 H-吲哚氢溴酸盐分别与五种取代苯甲醛在乙醇介质中反应,可得到五种新的2-(p-取代苯乙烯基)-3,3-二甲基-3H-吲哚氢溴酸盐(R=H(3a);Br(3b);MeO(3c);HO(3d);Me_2N(3e)]。研究了化合物3a-e的紫外光谱和Hammett常数的定量关系。以位移增量△λ_p,对△σ(△σ=σ_p-σ_m)作图可得到一条直线,说明它们紫外光谱的取代基效应遵守Hammett方程,即随着取代基给电子能力的增强,吸收带向红移。五个化合物以3e的光谱增感性能最好。     

2-(P-取代基苯乙烯基)-3,3-二甲基-3 H-吲哚盐的合成及性能研究

2,3,3-三甲基-3H-吲哚氢溴酸盐分别与五种取代苯甲醛在乙醇介质中反应,可得 到五种新的2-(P-取代苯乙烯基)-3,3-二甲基-3H-吲哚氢溴酸盐(R=H(3a);Br(3b);MeO(3c);HO(3d);Me~2N(3e)].研究了化合物3a-e的紫外光谱和Hammett常数的定量关系.以位移增量△λ~p对△σ(△σ=α~p-σ~m)作图可得到一条直线,说明它们紫外光谱的取代基效应遵守Hammett方程,即随着取代基给电子能力的增强,吸收带向红移.五个化合物以3e的光谱增感性能最好.     

手性仲丁胺的制备拆分和光学纯度的测定

为了获取仲丁胺的两种光学纯对映异构体，采用D-或L-酒石酸作为拆分试剂， 经过多次结晶，分别得到S-(+)-仲丁胺·乙-(+)-酒石酸盐和R-(-)-仲丁胺·D-(-) -酒石酸盐晶体，从而成功实现了其分离．产物的光学纯度通过用光活性(R)-联萘 酚磷酰氯衍生成(R)-联萘酚磷酰胺后，经^31P NMR测定，o_p_＞99％，拆分剂D-或 L-酒石酸经过强酸型阳离于交换树脂(001×7×7型)方便回收，回收率＞80％．     

PAR-1拮抗剂E5555的全合成

以3-氟邻苯二酚和邻叔丁基苯酚为原料,经14步反应完全PAR-1拮抗剂--1-(3-叔丁基-5-吗啉4-甲氧基苯基)-2-(5,6-二乙氧基.7-氟-1-亚胺二氢异吲哚)乙酮氢溴酸盐(E5555)的全合成,总产率27.2%,其结构经<'1>H NMR确证.     

新型含偕二甲基结构的PAR-1拮抗剂的合成及其抗血小板聚集活性

以1-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-溴苯基)乙酮和3,3-二甲基-5,6-二乙氧基-二氢异吲哚-1-亚胺为主要原料,设计并合成了3个新型的含有偕二甲基结构的PAR-1拮抗剂——1-(3-叔丁基-4-烷氧基-5-取代氨基苯基)-2-(5,6-二乙氧基-3,3-二甲基-1,3-二氢-1-亚胺基-2H-异吲哚-2-基)乙酮氢溴酸盐(2a～2c),其结构经1H NMR和13C NMR表征。TRAP诱导的人血小板聚集活性测试结果表明,2a～2c具有一定的抗血小板聚集作用。     

R(-)四氢噻唑-2-硫酮-4-羧酸对D,L-氨基酸酯拆分的研究

以新手性拆分试剂R(-)四氢噻唑-2-硫酮-4-羧酸[简称R(-)TTCA]对D,L-氨基酸酯进行手性拆分,分别得到(R)TTCA氨基酸酯盐1a_1f([α]_D²⁰＝-30.40°～-42.70°)及光学活性氨基酸酯2a-2f,其光学纯度为35.4%～75.8%.由1a_1f在碱存在下分解出2a-2f的对映体3a-3f,光学纯度为39.50%～69.10%.用半经验的量子化学PM3方法研究了氨基的碱性、中间产物铵盐生成热和稳定性.     

光学活性N-邻噁唑啉苯基甲基丙烯酰胺聚合物的合成及其手性光学性质

在三氟甲磺酸稀土盐(Ln(OTf)3,Ln=La,Nd,Sm,Y)的存在下,光学纯N-邻唑啉苯基甲基丙烯酰胺((S)-MeOPMAM)经自由基聚合反应得到相应的光学活性聚合物.考察了稀土盐种类、用量及溶剂性质等因素对聚合反应立体化学的影响.研究发现,以Y(OTf)3为调节剂、正丁醇为溶剂的体系能在一定程度上提高聚合反应的全同立体定向性.聚合物的手性光学性质明显依赖于立构规整度,随全同含量增大,聚合物的比旋光度和π-π*电子跃迁区域的Cotton效应强度呈下降趋势.利用1H-NMR技术研究了上述聚合物与1,1′-联-2-萘酚(BINOL)的对映选择性相互作用,结果表明,全同三元组含量较高的聚合物不仅使酚羟基质子峰向低场位移,而且导致信号分裂.     

甾体不对称合成的研究 11.若干消旋双环化合物微生物催化对映选择性还原

消旋双环化合物(±)-7a-甲基(或乙基)-4-氢(或3＇-羧甲酯)-5,6,7,7a-四氢茚满-1,5-二酮(2)用啤酒酵母菌发酵得到光学活性还原化合物(1S,7aS)-1-羧基-7a-甲基(或乙基)-4-氢(或3＇-羧甲酯)-5,6,7,7a-四氢茚满-5-酮(3),以及光学活性原料(7aR)-2。同时测定了化合物3的光学纯度以及绝对构型。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.