冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃应变阈值的数值模拟

借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA程序,采用Lagrange方法描述钢化玻璃,引入侵蚀算法来模拟钢化玻璃的破坏,对爆炸冲击波载荷进行合理的简化,选取最大伸长线应变理论作为单层钢化玻璃破坏准则。利用建立的模型对爆炸冲击波对单层钢化玻璃的作用过程进行了数值模拟。通过反复调试和大量计算得到单层钢化玻璃破坏的应变阈值为0.002 2,并用场地实验结果对数值结果进行了验证,证明此结果是合理的。     

单孔台阶爆破中保留岩体损伤特征的数值模拟

为了描述露天矿单孔台阶爆破中预留岩体在爆炸冲击载荷下的损伤演化特征,建立了一个各向异性的损伤模型。模拟结果表明,该损伤模型能够模拟岩石材料在冲击载荷下的损伤特征,可以为岩土工程中经历过冲击扰动作用的岩体的稳定性分析提供理论依据。     

永磁激励下磁流变安全联轴器物理场数值仿真计算与分析

设计了一种新型磁流变安全联轴器,该联轴器以磁流变胶作为传力介质,以Halbach永磁排列作为磁场激励源.在COMSOL Multiphysics环境下建立了三维有限元分析模型;利用Bingham磁致本构模型对自行研制的磁流变胶的剪切屈服应力和粘度进行最小二乘5次多项式拟合,得到了剪切屈服应力和粘度随磁通密度的变化曲线参...     

滑移爆轰密封的初步数值模拟

利用有限元方法,通过数值模拟得到爆炸密封铝、铜封管密封所需炸药药量;在此基础上,利用光滑粒子法对爆炸密封模型进行优化,分析炸药、保护外壳等形状等对封管密封性能的影响。基于对计算结果的分析,确定实验模型。实验回收结果和数值模拟结果符合较好,表明数值模拟结果对实验设计有指导作用。

     

水中爆炸激波对水泥试样作用的数值模拟分析

通过对水中爆炸激波在水泥净浆试样中传播的数值模拟,再现了爆炸激波的传播过程,采用对典型单元受到的激波作用和应力进行分析的方法,得出了水泥试样各个区域损伤破坏的成因,数值模拟结果和实验现象吻合。     

聚氨酯/钢夹芯结构爆炸载荷下动力学响应的数值模拟

聚氨酯泡沫具有良好的缓冲和吸能性能,以硬质聚氨酯泡沫作为芯体,钢作为面板的夹芯结构在工程中用途广泛。为了研究聚氨酯/钢夹芯结构在爆炸载荷作用下的抗爆性能,利用Ansys/Autodyn非线性有限元程序对聚氨酯/钢夹芯结构在爆炸载荷作用下的动力学响应进行数值模拟分析,并与相同面密度的钢板进行对比。结果表明,加入聚氨酯芯体后,结构的吸收能量为相同面密度钢板的1.49倍,整体结构的抗爆性能得到很大的提高。     

DYNAMIC LOAD ANALYSIS OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURE UNDER EFFECT OF BLAST WAVE

A semi-analytical method of solving the problem of dynamic stress concentration of arbitrary underground structure under the effect of blast waves was introduced. Using the Fourier transform theory, the shock waves (in the forms of SH-waves) can be converted into frequency bands. After employing complex functions and conformal mapping, the admittance functions of various underground structures were obtained. Then, the problem of the time domain dynamic stress response of underground structure can be easily solved through the Fourier inverse transform. At last, the results and curves of the dynamic stress for the square, triangle and horseshoe cavity were presented.     

Numerical simulation of blast flow fields induced by a high-speed projectile

Numerical investigations on the launch process of a projectile in a nearly realistic situation have been performed in this article. The Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) of Euler equations is solved by the AUSMDV scheme and the dynamic chimera grid technique are used for describing the moving of the projectile. Based on our numerical results, the muzzle blast flow field of the transient launch process of a projectile at a relative high Mach number of 3.0 has been visualized numerically, and the prominent characteristics including the propagation of first and second blast waves, the generation of bow shock wave and moving of the projectile, etc. have been discussed in detail.      

圆形中空夹层钢管超高性能钢纤维混凝土柱抗爆性能野外实验与数值模拟

通过6根圆形中空夹层钢管超高性能钢纤维混凝土(UHPSFRCFDST)柱爆炸破坏实验,研究了轴压、折合距离、空心率和迎爆面形状对其动态响应及损伤破坏的影响,并运用LS-DYNA软件建立了爆炸荷载作用下UHPSFRCFDST柱动态响应的有限元模型。在验证了模型有效性的基础上,运用参数化分析方法,研究了轴压比、空心率、含钢率、内层和外层钢管径厚比及其强度等关键参数对圆形UHPSFRCFDST柱抗爆性能的影响。结果表明:有限元模型能够有效地分析UHPSFRCFDST柱在爆炸荷载作用下的动态响应及损伤破坏;在小于临界轴压时,提高轴压比能够提升UHPSFRCFDST柱抗爆性能,但超过临界轴压后继续提高反而会加重其损伤破坏;减小空心率或内、外层钢管径厚比均可有效提升UHPSFRCFDST柱的抗爆性能,提高含钢率或外层钢管强度也能达到相同效果,但提高内层钢管强度对其抗爆性能的提升作用并不显著。     

刚塑性圆板受水下爆炸载荷时的动力响应

分析了简支刚塑性圆板受水下爆炸载荷时的塑性动力响应。考虑到流固耦合作用,应用Taylor平板理论求水下爆炸压力,用刚塑性法分析了圆板的永久变形场,引入膜力因子考虑了圆板大变形时的膜力效应。计算结果同用ABAQUS程序的计算结果进行了比较,表明不考虑空泡时所得结果较精确。最后考察了流固耦合作用及空泡对结构响应的影响。     

Assessment of tracked vehicle suspension system using a validated computer simulation model

A non-linear, in-plane computer simulation model of a typical high-mobility tracked vehicle is developed for suspension dynamic analysis and ride quality assessment. The Langrangian model formulation of the tracked vehicle is derived considering an arbitrary rigid terrain profile and constant vehicle speed. The model incorporates detailed representations of a trailing arm suspension system and dynamic wheel-track-terrain interactions. The computer model predictions are validated against field measurements, which were gathered from tests of an armoured personnel carrier traversing a discrete half-round bump and a random course. A parametric sensitivity analysis was carried out using the validated computer model in order to assess the influence of conventional suspension parameters on the ride performance of the test vehicle. In addition, the ride performance potentials of an alternate hydrogas suspension configuration were investigated.     

爆炸冲击作用下预制节段拼装桥墩的动态响应与损伤分析

为研究爆炸冲击作用下预制节段拼装桥墩的动态响应与损伤,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立圆形截面预制节段拼装桥墩受爆的三维实体分离式模型。通过与已有实验结果的对比分析,验证了该模拟方法的可靠性。基于该模型,研究了爆炸冲击作用下节段长细比、初始预应力水平及桥墩体系对圆形截面预制拼装桥墩动态响应与损伤的影响规律。结果表明:减小节段长细比使墩身由剪切破坏逐渐变为节段间相对位移,并减小墩身的整体侧向位移;提高初始预应力水平可以在一定程度上提高桥墩的抗爆性能;爆炸冲击作用下混合体系桥墩兼具完全节段和整体现浇桥墩的破坏特征。     

Simulation of particle flow in a bell-less type charging system of a blast furnace using the discrete element method

A three-dimensional model was established by the discrete element method （DEM） to analyze the flow and segregation of particles in a charging process in detail. The simulation results of the burden falling trajectory obtained by the model were compared with the industrial charging measurements to validate the applicability of the model. The flow behavior of particles from the weighing hopper to the top layer of a blast furnace and the heaping behavior were analyzed using this model. A radial segregation index （RSI） was used to evaluate the extent of the size segregation in the charging process. In addition, the influence of the chute inclination angle on the size segregation and burden profile during the charging process was investigated.     

Combining X-ray microtomography with computer simulation for analysis of granular and porous materials

The use of X-ray microtomographic (XMT) methods in analysing particulate systems has expanded rapidly in recent years with the availability of affordable desk-top apparatus. This review presents a summary of the major applications in which computer simulations are explicitly coupled with XMT in the area of granular and porous materials. We envisage two main ways of establishing the coupling between both techniques, based on the transference or exchange of information by using physical or geometrical paramet...     

爆炸冲击波作用下颅脑损伤机理的数值模拟研究

爆炸引起的颅脑损伤已经成为现代战场单兵的主要致伤形式,而相关的致伤机理尚未完全阐明。本文中,针对头部在爆炸冲击波作用下的动态响应及相关致伤机理进行了数值模拟研究。首先,基于颅脑的核磁共振切片建立了人体头部三维数值模型,该模型真实地反映了颅脑的生理特征与细节构造;利用该模型对人体头部碰撞实验进行数值模拟,模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好,验证了头部模型的有效性。在此基础上,基于欧拉-拉格朗日耦合(Euler-Lagrangian coupling method,CEL)方法发展了爆炸冲击波-头部流固耦合模型,对头部受到爆炸冲击波正面冲击工况进行了数值模拟,分别从流场压力分布、脑组织压力、颅骨变形与加速度等方面对头部动态响应过程进行了分析。爆炸冲击波峰值压力在流固耦合作用下增大为入射波的3.5倍,致使受到直接冲击处的颅骨与脑组织发生高频振动,相应的振动频率高达8 kHz,这与碰撞载荷下的脑组织动态响应是完全不同的。同时,该处颅骨的局部弯曲变形会沿着颅骨进行“传播”,影响着整个颅骨的变化构型,从而决定了脑组织压力与损伤的演化过程。

     

高精度惯性测量系统热应力分析与优化设计

针对高精度惯性测量系统内仪表结构正交性误差在使用过程中的不稳定性问题,重点开展了结构热应力分析与优化设计。通过构建系统结构热应力模型,并对关键性参数进行系统实测,得到更为精确的优化模型。用有限元分析软件ANSYS对其进行的仿真表明,计算出的结构变化特性与实测正交性误差变化量一致。对仿真结果的进一步分析表明,结构部件的材料线膨胀系数的差异导致仪表安装基面的热应力变形是影响惯性仪表正交性误差稳定性的主要原因。采用上述方法对某高精度惯性测量系统开展热应力分析与优化设计后,同等环境条件变化情况下,惯性仪表正交性误差变化量减少了一半(由10″减少至4.1″),有效减小了惯性仪表正交性误差受长期使用及环境变化的影响,提高了高精度惯性测量系统的综合性能。     

冲击作用下易碎式密封盖数值仿真及实验分析

确定了易碎式密封盖的材料和结构,运用有限元法进行了火箭弹和燃气流冲击的数值仿真计算,通过冲破实验进行了间接验证,从而掌握了密封盖的破碎效果和性能。结果表明,密封盖能沿预置沟槽方向破裂,能满足引信体的安全性和可靠性,不影响火箭弹的正常飞行;燃气流冲击力对密封盖影响不大,不会对密封盖造成破坏。     

车辆制动作用下的车辆-路面-桥梁系统随机振动分析

视车辆、路面体系和桥梁为整个系统,将车辆模拟成弹簧和阻尼器连接的多刚体,沥青路面层模拟成Kelvin模型支承的无限长梁,混凝土路面和主梁一起模拟成Euler-Bernoulli梁。应用弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理和形成矩阵的"对号入座"法则,建立了系统的竖向运动方程;并运用协方差等效方法模拟了车轮随机输入非平稳时域模型。研究了车辆制动作用下的车辆-路面-桥梁耦合系统的振动特性。计算表明:在其他条件相同时,刹车时,混凝土路面层对应的冲击系数为沥青路面层所对应系数的1.31倍;刹车时间为0.3 s时对应的冲击系数为刹车时间0.6 s所对应的1.29倍;路面的不平状况加剧了车辆制动作用时对桥梁冲击系数的影响。