掺Ba对Bi系2212相超导电性的影响

研究了掺Ｂａ对Bi₂Sr_2-xBa_xCaCu₂O_y（０≤ｘ≤０．１５，０．３）单晶和多晶样品超导电性的影响，结果表明，有少量Ｂａ^２＋离子进入了超导相，且有固溶度极限．对于２２１２相单晶，ｃ轴参数和Ｔ_c均随Ｂａ含量增加而增加；对于慢冷多晶样品，掺Ｂａ可明显提高Ｔ_c；然而对于淬大多晶样品，Ｔ_c没有明显变化，用掺Ｂａ 关键词：     

R1-xPrxBa2Cu3O7-δ超导Tc平台的离子尺寸效应

系统地研究了Ｒ_1-xＰｒ_xＢａ₂Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-δ的超导Ｔ_c与Ｐｒ替代浓度ｘ的关系。发现在离子半径ｒ_i≤ｒ_i（Ｄｙ）时，在低Ｐｒ浓度范围内存在一个超导Ｔ_c平台，并且平台宽度表明一个Ｒ^３＋离子尺寸效应。我们认为，Ｔ_c平台宽度的离子尺寸效应可能起源于Ｐｒ４ｆ电子局域态的改变。提出一个临界Ｒ^３＋离子半径ｒ_ic，ｒ_i＞ｒ_ic时ＲＢａ₂Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-δ的超导电性消失 关键词：     

(Ba_(1-x)K_x)BiO_3电子结构与超导电性

用第一原理的ＬＤＦ-ＬＭＴＯ-ＡＳＡ超元胞法，模拟由Ｘ射线吸收谱精细结构测定的ＢａＢｉＯ_３中，Ｂｉ有两种价态Ｂｉ^３＋和Ｂｉ^5＋及与之相应的两种不同键长的Ｂｉ—Ｏ八面体，以及Ｋ掺杂对晶体结构的影响．计算了Ｂａ₄Ｂｉ₄Ｏ₁₂，（Ｂａ_３Ｋ）Ｂｉ₄Ｏ₁₂，（ＢａＫ）Ｂｉ₂Ｏ₆，（ＢａＫ_３）Ｂｉ₄Ｏ₁₂，Ｋ₂Ｂｉ₂Ｏ₆（简记为（４０４），（３１４），（１１２），（１３４），（０２２））五种“样本”的电子结构．结果表明，（４０４）和（３１４）分别为Ｅ_g＝１.６ｅＶ及Ｅ_g＝１.５ｅＶ的半导体，其它“样本”为金属．总能的分析表明（１３４）是不稳定的，故溶解极限为ｘ＝０.５．以“取样”方式按伯努利分布确定任意组分各“样本”的概率，进而计算了（Ｂａ_1-xＫ_x）ＢｉＯ_３电子结构随组分的变化．最后用逾渗模型说明了超导转变温度Ｔ_c在ｘ＝０．２５附近的突变 关键词：     

YBaCuO超导体中Cl代O的研究

用不同来源的Cl^-部分取代Y123相中的O，结果表明：不论以什么方式掺杂，都能获得正交相．以CuCl₂方式引入的Cl^-主要占据在123相的O2位置上，而以BaCl₂方式引入的Cl^-则主要占据在O4位置，前者引起超导电性显著的变化，而且使正常态的电导行为由金属性变为半导体性；后者虽然导致T_c下降，但T_c＞77K，且正常态的电导行为未改变，说明CuO面上的氧 关键词：     

掺Ba的Bi—sr—Cu—O的单晶Raman散射研究

利用Ｒａｍａｎ散射研究了Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２－ｘＢａｘＣｕＯｙ（ｘ＝０，０．２，０．４）单晶样品的声子振动性质。实验结果表明，在Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２－ｘＢａｘＣｕＯｙ体的Ｒａｍａｎ谱中主要出现以下几个频率的特征振动模，即１９６，３００，４６０，６２５和６６０ｃｍ＾－１；而频率为１９６，３００，６２５，６６０ｃｍ＾－１的特征峰的强度随着Ｂａ掺杂量的增加而增加。在早期的工作中，我们曾经研究过Ｂａ的掺杂对Ｂｉ２２０１相     

用X射线旋进照相观察Bi_（2＋x）Sr_（2－x）CuO_y晶体的调制结构

本文中我们用Ｘ射线旋进照相观察了Ｂｉ２＋ｘＳｒ２－ｘＣｕＯｙ的晶体调制结构．实验结果表明ｘ＝０．２的单晶样品具有单斜对称性，其空间群为Ｂ２／ｂ（或Ｂｂ）．随着ｘ的增加，单斜畸变减小．我们测量了调制波矢随名义组成的变化规律，讨论了调制波矢在第一布里渊区的对称性质．对调制结构提出了几种可能的有公度模型．最后讨论了调制结构对超导电性的影响．     

Gd1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-y高温超导体压力效应的研究

研究了Ｇｄ_1-xＣａ_xＢａ₂Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-y（０．０≤Ｘ≤０．２０）高温超导体在常压和高压下的超导电性在１－３００Ｋ温度范围内，利用Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ对顶砧获得压力达９．０ＧＰａ，测量了（Ｘ＝０．１０，０．１５，０．２０）样品的ｄＴ_c／ｄｐ分别为７．６８，７．８和４．４６Ｋ／ＧＰａ。发现Ｔ_c的压力导数随着ｃａ²⁺含量的增加而下降，分析了氧含量对Ｔ_c和ｄＴ_c／ｄＰ的影响．利用常压下晶格参数精修值和阳离子与氧离子间距随压力的改变，说明ＣｕＯ₂面在超导电性上的作用，用ＣｕＯ₂面之间耦合解释Ｔ_c（Ｐ）曲线的非线性关系。 关键词：     

Bi_（1．6）Pb_（0．4）Sr_2Ca_（2－x）（Nd_（0．75）Ce

本文通过Ｘ射线衍射、差热分析和超导电性测量等手段对Ｂｉ１．６Ｐｂ０．４Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２－ｘ（Ｎｄ０．７５Ｃｅ０．２５）ｘＣｕ３Ｏｙ体系的相结构和超导电性进行了研究．该体系中，在８１０—８４０℃空气中烧结４０小时样品的Ｔｅ随着ｘ增加而降低．研究了在７５０－８２０℃烧结样品的超导电性与组成的关系．ｘ＝１．６—２．０，在７５０—８２０℃空气中烧结４０小时样品的超导转变温度为１９—２１Ｋ．这种超导电性可能是由于部分被稳定的Ｂｉ－２２２２相所致．     

Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2—x（Nd0.75Ce0.25）xCu3Oy体系的相结构及超导电性

本通过Ｘ射线衍射、差热分析和超导电性测量等手段对Ｂｉ１．６Ｐｂ０．４Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２－ｘ（Ｎｄ０．７５Ｃｅ０．２５）ｘＣｕ３Ｏｙ体系的相结构和超导电性进行了研究。该体系中，在８１０－８４０℃空气中烧结４０小时样品的Ｔｃ随着ｘ增加而降低。研究了在７５０－８２０℃空气中烧结４０小时样品的超导转变温度为１９－２１Ｋ。这种超导电性可能是由于部分被稳定的Ｂｉ－２２２２相所致。     

X射线衍射研究Bi_2Sr_（2－y）M_yCuO_（6＋δ）（M＝La，Pr）

作者报道了用Ｘ射线衍射法对Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２－ｙＭｙＣｕＯ６＋δ（Ｍ＝Ｌａ，Ｐｒ，０．０≤ｙ≤１．０）系列单晶样品进行结构研究的结果．根据晶体结构的不同性质，我们将掺杂区分为三个区域．第一个区域的掺闭量在０．０≤ｙ≤０．１０之间，在此区域中晶体的平均结构为单斜结构，其调制波矢具有两个非公度分量ｑ１＝β１ｂ＋γ１ｃ．第二个掺杂区的掺镧量在０．１０＜ｙ≤０．６０之间，晶体的平均结构由单斜转变为正交结构，调制波矢具有单个非公度分量ｑ１＝β１ｂ＋ｃ．第三掺杂区的掺镧量在０．６０＜ｙ≤１．０之间，晶体的平均结构转变为另一单斜结构，在这一区域有两类调制结构共存．第一类调制结构与第一、第二掺杂区的调制结构类似；第二类调制结构的调制调幅沿α轴方向极化，调制波矢β分量约为第一类调制结构的二分之一．对于Ｂｉ２（Ｓｒ１．２Ｌａ０．８）ＣｕＯ６＋δ单晶，其第二类调制波矢为ｑ２＝０．１２２ｂ＋０．４３ｃ．     

Study of the influence of hole concentration on high-Tc superconductivity of cuprates Bi-2212 by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

In this paper, we report the observation of X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), which were obtained from high-T_c superconducting compounds Bi-2212 with some percentage of 3d elements (Fe, Co, and Ni) substituted for copper. The changes in characteristics of XPS spectra Sr 3d and Cu 2p_3/2 with the doping content were explained in the relation to the hole concentration on CuO₂ planes, which resulted in high-T_c superconductivity.     

从对Cu的取代看YBa2Cu3O7-y中Cu-O平面和Cu—O链的作用

通过测量YBa₂Cu_3-xM_xO_7-y(M=Zn,Ni,x=0,0.025,0.05,0.075,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.3)系列样品的晶体结构、正常态电子输运性质、超导电性以及O含量,给出了Zn择优取代Cu(2)的更直接证据;同时,观察到掺Zn系统中的由正交相Ⅰ到正交相Ⅱ的结构相变以及Ni取代Cu带来的电子局域化效应。研究结果表明,具有正二价态的Zn对Cu(2)具有择优取代性,而具有正二价和正三价的Ni并不具有明显的择优取代。对Cu(2)的取代引起超导临界温度的显著变化,但对正常态电子输运性质的影响不明显;对Cu(1)的取代更显著地影响了晶体结构和正常态电子输运性质,同时对T_c产生抑制,我们认为,YBa₂Cu₃0₇中的高温超导电性以及正常态输运性质是由CU-O平面和Cu-0链共同承担,而Cu-O平面和Cu-0链之间的耦合强度决定着该系统的超导电性的强弱。 关键词：     

Possible electron-exciton (E-E) interaction and high Tc superconductivity in bulk semimetals

In relation to the high T_c recently observed in YBaCuO systems, the possibility of formation of Cooper pairs by virtual exciton exchange in a single phase is analysed. Electron-Exciton coupling matrix elements and possible optimum condition of superconducting T_c and its upper limit are evaluated. It shows that this kind of superconductivity may display some different features compared with usual BCS superconducting phase.     

高掺杂Sn对Y-Ba-Cu-O体系结构和性质的影响

通过对高掺杂Sn的YBa₂Cu_3-xSn_xO_7-y体系的穆斯堡尔谱测量,确定了掺杂的Sn全部以Sn⁴⁺离子形式存在,多数占据Ba,Y,Cu(2),少量占据Cu(1)位置,Sn含量x不同,其在各个位置上的占有比例也不同,超导电性测量表明,该系列样品T_c大都在77K以上,Cu(2)和Y位上的金属离子被替代对超导温度T_c影响不大,为Cu-O面不是超导的主要原因 关键词：     

139La and63Cu-NQR of high-T c oxide superconductors

Nuclear quadrupole resonances (NQR) of¹³⁹La in La_2−xM_xCuO₄ (M=Ba, Sr) and⁶³Cu in YBa₂CU₃O₇ have been investigated with substitution of Cu by magnetic impurities. For La-system, the strong enhancement of the nuclear relaxation rate, 1/T ₁ atT _c ^*≈10 K (suggesting the occurrence of magnetic instability with hole-doping), is suppressed by 3D-antiferromagnetism induced by magnetic impurities. In the superconducting region, fluctuations of Cu moments at low temperatures remain extremely fast as at high temperatures. For Y-system, Fe-ions are substituted for both Cu(1) and Cu(2) sites, But Co-ions are preferentially substituted to Cu1 sites. The peaks in the relaxation rate of Cu indicate the appearance of magnetic ordering without destroying superconductivity for the 0.5%-Fe doped sample.     

Shock wave working of high-T c materials

Abstract

The properties of high T_c-ceramics (Y-123, Bi-1112, Bi-4334, Bi-4457, (Bi-Pb)-4457) under shock loading and subsequent heat treatment were investigated. The peculiarities of their structure, tecture creation, changes of superconductivity parameters depending on loading conditions at P～ 10GPa Were revealed, and regimes of heat treatment were determined. The possibilities of obtaining crack-free cylindrical superconducting shields as well as strong metal high-T^cceramic joints were demonstrated.     

A study of Fe-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu superconductors

We have substituted 1.5% of Fe for Cu in several “2212” and “2223” Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu superconductors. All of the samples show a reduction ofT _c about 13 K due to the Fe impurities. Mössbauer measurements at room temperature reveal the structural characteristics such as stacking faults and intergrowth of different phases in these Bi-based compounds on the microscopic scale. The susceptibility ofT _c to Fe-doping in the Bi-“2212” or “2223” system is comparable to that of the “123” system but much smaller than that of the “214” system. The interplanar correlation existing in the “123” and the Bi-“2212” and “2223” systems seems to play an important role in sustaining the high temperature superconductivity and weakening the detrimental effect of impurity elements on superconductivity in these two systems.     

Mössbauer study of magnetic ordering and superconductivity in YBa2(Cu1−xFex)3O7

We have made superconducting samples of the Y?Ba?Cu?O system with Fe substituted for the Cu. The percentage of Fe substituted varied from 2 to 100. The samples have been verified by x-ray diffraction to be single-phase 1–2–3 compounds. The 6% Fe substitution reduces T_c from 94 K to 80 K. The room temperature Mössbauer spectrum shows two pairs of doublets, indicating there are two distinct Cu sites in the sample. The most surprising result is that magnetic ordering of the Fe coexists with superconductivity of the material at 4.2 K.     

Unusual behavior of nuclear relaxation in CeCu2Si2 “possible evidence for triplet superconductivity”

Nuclear relaxation of ⁶³Cu in the superconducting state of the Kondo-lattice system CeCu₂Si₂ has been studied with the use of the ⁶³Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance technique under zero field and down to 65mK. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T₁) decreases drastically just below T_c=0.67 K down to 0.5T_c without the apparent enchanced behavior and then is found to be almost temperature independent below 0.3T_c. These results suggest that the superconductivity in CeCu₂Si₂ is not in the usual BCS regime. The analysis based upon the existing triplet pairing model with an anisotropic energy gap describes well the behavior from T_c down to 0.5T_c, while the temperature independence below 0.3T_c remains unexplained.