Shape Coexistence for 179Hg in Relativistic Mean-Field Theory

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Pair-Breaking Critical Current Density of Two-Band Superconductor MgB2

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Re-study of Nucleon Pole Contribution in J/

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Dynamics of Two-Photon Lasers with

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Top Quark Flavor Changing Decay t

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Sigma Terms and Strangeness Contents of Baryon Octet in Modified Chiral Perturbation Theory

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A New Formula to Obtain Exact Green's Functions of Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation

We obtain a new relation between Green's functions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for stationary potentials and Green's functions of the same equation for certain time-dependent potentials. The relation obtained here emerges very easily from a transformation introduced by Ray [J.R. Ray, Phys. Rev. A26 (1982) 729] and generalizes former work of Dodonov, et al. [V.V. Dodonov, V.I. Man'ko, and D.E. Nikonov, Phys. Lett. A162 (1992) 359.]     

Quantum secure direct communication based on order rearrangement of single photons

We present an improvement of the protocol proposed by Lucamarini and Mancini [M. Lucamarini, S. Mancini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 140501] with techniques used in the protocol presented by Zhu et al. [A.D. Zhu, Y. Xia, Q.B. Fan, S. Zhang, Phys. Rev. A 73 (2006) 022338], namely the secret transmitting order of particles.     

Angular Distributions for

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Study of Strange Quark Mass in CFL Phase

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Nonlinear diffusion of indirect excitons in an ideal bilayer with an in-plane harmonic trap

The nonlinear diffusion of the spatially indirect excitons in an ideal bilayer with an in-plane harmonic trap is investigated based on the theories developed by Ivanov [A.L. Ivanov, Europhys. Lett. 59 (2002) 586; A.L. Ivanov, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 (2004) S3629] and Rapaport et al. [R. Rapaport, G. Chen, S. Simon, O. Mitrofanov, L. Pfeiffer, P.M. Platzman, Phys. Rev. B 72 (2005) 075428]. A nonlinear equation for the diffusion of the indirect excitons in this structure is established. The two-dimensional density of the indirect excitons in this structure is calculated. The calculations show that the density adjacent to the trap center for different exciton temperatures can remain very high even long after the photo-excitation because of the confinement of the in-plane harmonic trap, and that the indirect excitons gather several tens of μm away from the trap center. The calculations are in good agreement qualitatively with the experimental results of Voros et al. [Z. Voros, D.W. Snoke, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 (2006) 016803] and prove that an in-plane harmonic trap can indeed keep an exciton gas dense near its center.     

Nanoscale oscillatory fracture propagation in metallic glasses

We describe the oscillatory crack propagation for small propagation velocities at the atomistic scale that was recently observed for brittle metallic glasses [G. Wang, Y.T. Wang, Y.H. Liu, M.X. Pan, D.Q. Zhao, W.H. Wang, Appl. Lett. 89 (2006) 121909; G. Wang, D.Q. Zhao, H.Y. Bai, M.X. Pan, A.L. Xia, B.S. Han, X.K. Xi, Y. Wu, W.H. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 235501]. Based on a simple model of crack propagation [Y. Braiman, T. Egami, Phys. Rev. E, 77 (2008) 065101(R)], we derived and analyzed expressions for the feature size, oscillation period, and maximum strain accumulated in the material.     

Mixing,ergodicity and slow relaxation phenomena

Investigations on diffusion in systems with memory [I.V.L. Costa, R. Morgado, M.V.B.T. Lima, F.A. Oliveira, Europhys. Lett. 63 (2003) 173] have established a hierarchical connection between mixing, ergodicity, and the fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT). This hierarchy means that ergodicity is a necessary condition for the validity of the FDT, and mixing is a necessary condition for ergodicity. In this work, we compare those results with recent investigations using the Lee recurrence relations method [M.H. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 26 (1982) 2547; M.H. Lee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 250601; M.H. Lee, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 39 (2006) 4651]. Lee shows that ergodicity is violated in the dynamics of the electron gas [M.H. Lee, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 39 (2006) 4651]. This reinforces both works and implies that the results of [I.V.L. Costa, R. Morgado, M.V.B.T. Lima, F.A. Oliveira, Europhys. Lett. 63 (2003) 173] are more general than the framework in which they were obtained. Some applications to slow relaxation phenomena are discussed.     

Bouncing branes

We investigate (4+1)- and (5+0)-dimensional gravity coupled to a non-compact scalar field sigma-model in the context of a single-brane-world scenario with separable metric and a bulk fluid. We briefly discuss the standard cosmological solutions and the family of warp factors (which includes both the original Randall–Sundrum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 3370, hep-ph/9905221; Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 4690, hep-th/9906064] solution and the solution of Kachru, Schulz and Silverstein [H.A. Chamblin, H.S. Reall, Nucl. Phys. B 562 (1999) 133, hep-th/9903225; S. Kachru, M. Schulz, E. Silverstein, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 045021, hep-th/0001206]) for the case of a rolling fifth radius [C. Kennedy, E.M. Prodanov, Phys. Lett. B 488 (2000) 11, hep-th/0003299]. We show how this model can be adjusted so that it describes the standard cosmology on a self-tuning domain wall (with static fifth radius) [C. Kennedy, E.M. Prodanov, hep-th/0010202] and we discuss the solutions. Searching for a possible relation to the negative Euclidean stress energy, appearing in the Giddings and Strominger's axion induced topology change in quantum gravity and string theory [S.B. Giddings, A. Strominger, Nucl. Phys. B 306 (1988) 890], we modify the non-compact sigma-model into a single-field model (with a rolling fifth radius, separable metric, and no bulk fluid) for the more general case of a brane with non-zero curvature parameter. We find a solution (with a Kachru–Schulz–Silverstein warp factor [Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 045021, hep-th/0001206]), representing a Tolman wormhole for a brane with Lorentz metric and for a brane with positive definite metric.     

Reply to: “Comment on: ‘Exposed-key weakness of αη’ [Phys. Lett. A 370 (2007) 131]” [Phys. Lett. A 372 (2008) 7091]

We present simulations countering the claims in [R. Nair, H.P. Yuen, Phys. Lett. A 372 (2008) 7091] that the approximation given in [C. Ahn, K. Birnbaum, Phys. Lett. A 370 (2007) 131, quant-ph/0612058] for the eavesdropper's entropy on the encrypted key cannot be valid, and additionally discuss ways in which our views on security requirements differ from those given in [R. Nair, H.P. Yuen, Phys. Lett. A 372 (2008) 7091].     

Hawking radiation,effective actions and covariant boundary conditions

From an appropriate expression for the effective action, the Hawking radiation from charged black holes is derived, using only covariant boundary conditions at the event horizon. The connection of our approach with the Unruh vacuum and the recent analysis [S.P. Robinson, F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 (2005) 011303, gr-qc/0502074; S. Iso, H. Umetsu, F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 151302, hep-th/0602146; R. Banerjee, S. Kulkarni, arXiv: 0707.2449 [hep-th]] of Hawking radiation using anomalies is established.     

The effects of the N atom collective Lamb shift on single photon superradiance

The problem of single photon collective spontaneous emission, a.k.a. superradiance, from N atoms prepared by a single photon pulse of wave vector k₀ has been the subject of recent interest. It has been shown that a single photon absorbed uniformly by the N atoms will be followed by spontaneous emission in the same direction [M. Scully, E. Fry, C.H.R. Ooi, K. Wodkiewicz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 010501; M. Scully, Laser Phys. 17 (2007) 635]; and in extensions of this work we have found a new kind of cavity QED in which the atomic cloud acts as a cavity containing the photon [A.A. Svidzinsky, J.T. Chang, M.O. Scully, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 160504]. In most of our studies, we have neglected virtual photon (“Lamb shift”) contributions. However, in a recent interesting paper, Friedberg and Mannassah [R. Friedberg, J.T. Manassah, Phys. Lett. A 372 (2008) 2514] study the effect of virtual photons investigating ways in which such effects can modify the time dependence and angular distributions of collective single photon emission. In the present Letter, we show that such virtual transitions play no essential role in our problem. The conclusions of [M. Scully, E. Fry, C.H.R. Ooi, K. Wodkiewicz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 010501; M. Scully, Laser Phys. 17 (2007) 635; A.A. Svidzinsky, J.T. Chang, M.O. Scully, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 160504] stand as published. However, the N atom Lamb shift is an interesting problem in its own right and we here extend previous work both analytically and numerically.     

Stochastic asymptotic stability of Markovian jumping neural networks with Markov mode estimation and mode-dependent delays

In a previous work [Z.D. Wang, Y.R. Liu, L. Yu, X.H. Liu, Phys. Lett. A 356 (2006) 346] an exponential stability analysis for a class of Markovian jumping neural networks (MJNNs) was presented. In this Letter we employ the same technique to extend the results for MJNNs with time-varying delays and mode estimation, appropriate for active fault-tolerant control systems.     

Comment on: “Construction of bound entangled edge states with special ranks” [Phys. Lett. A 359 (2006) 603]

Recently, Clarisse [L. Clarisse, Phys. Lett. A 359 (2006) 603] and Ha [K.-C. Ha, Phys. Lett. A 361 (2007) 515] found examples of types (5,5) and (6,6) entangled states with positive partial transposes. In this Letter, we show that their examples have the Schmidt number as 2.     

Comment on “Multiparty secret sharing of quantum information via cavity QED”

In a recent paper [Z.J. Zhang, Opt. Commun. 261 (2006) 199], a scheme on secret sharing of quantum information in cavity QED has been discussed. The author claims that he has improved the success probability of teleportation from 6.25% in our original paper [Y.Q. Zhang, X.R. Jin, S. Zhang, Phys. Lett. A 341 (2005) 380] to 100%. However, in this comment, we show that it is not the case and the author has mistakenly understood our original paper [Y.Q. Zhang, X.R. Jin, S. Zhang, Phys. Lett. A 341 (2005) 380].