A lower bound criterion for iterated commutators

We consider iterated commutators of multiplication by a symbol function and smooth Calderón–Zygmund operators, described by Fourier multipliers of homogeneity 0. We establish a criterion for a collection of symbols so that the corresponding Calderón–Zygmund operators characterize product BMO by means of iterated commutators. We therefore extend, in part, the line of one-parameter results following the work of Uchiyama and Li as well as the result in several parameters, concerning commutators with Riesz transforms by Lacey, Petermichl, Pipher, Wick.     

Some New Combinatorial Conditions on the Singular Fibre of a Fibration

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Another Jacobi sufficiency criterion for optimal control with smooth constraints

In order to tighten the gap between necessary and sufficient conditions, new second-order sufficient conditions are developed for optimal control problems, where the control set is given by smooth functions. When the control set is polyhedral, our criterion generalizes prior results of the same kind, namely, the Jacobi criterion in Hamiltonian form and that in Lagrangian form (Refs. 1–3).The research of V. Zeidan was supported by NSERC Grant A-8570, which is gratefully acknowledged.     

A bound on judicious bipartitions of directed graphs

Judicious partitioning problems on graphs ask for partitions that bound several quantities simultaneously,which have received much attention lately.Scott(2005)asked the following natural question:What is the maximum constant cdsuch that every directed graph D with m arcs and minimum outdegree d admits a bipartition V(D)=V_1∪V_2 satisfying min{e(V_1,V_2),e(V_2,V_1)}cdm?Here,for i=1,2,e(V_i,V_3-i)denotes the number of arcs in D from V_i to V_3-i.Lee et al.(2016)conjectured that every directed graph D with m arcs and minimum outdegree at least d 2 admits a bipartition V(D)=V_1∪V_2 such that min{e(V_1,V_2),e(V_2,V_1)}≥((d-1)/(2(2 d-1))+o(1))m.In this paper,we show that this conjecture holds under the additional natural condition that the minimum indegree is also at least d.     

Local existence and blow‐up criterion for the generalized Boussinesq equations in Besov spaces

In this paper, we consider the three‐dimensional generalized Boussinesq equations, a system of equations resulting from replacing the Laplacian ? Δ in the usual Boussinesq equations by a fractional Laplacian ( ? Δ)^α. We prove the local existence in time and obtain a regularity criterion of solution for the generalized Boussinesq equations by means of the Littlewood–Paley theory and Bony's paradifferential calculus. The results in this paper can be regarded as an extension to the Serrin‐type criteria for Navier–Stokes equations and magnetohydrodynamics equations, respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An asymptotic minimax risk bound for estimation of a linear functional relationship

We consider estimation of the parameter B in a multivariate linear functional relationship X_i=ξ_i+ξ_1i, Y_i=Bξ_i+ξ_2i, i=1,…,n, where the errors (ζ_1i^′, ζ_2i^′) are independent standard normal and (ξ_i, i ) is a sequence of unknown nonrandom vectors (incidental parameters). If there are no substantial a priori restrictions on the infinite sequence of incidental parameters then asymptotically the model is nonparametric but does not fit into common settings presupposing a parameter from a metric function space. A special result of the local asymptotic minimax type for the m.1.e. of B is proved. The accuracy of the normal approximation for the m.l.e. of order n^−1/2 is also established.     

On the norm convergence of the self-adjoint Trotter-Kato product formula with error bound

The norm convergence of the Trotter—Kato product formula with error bound is shown for the semigroup generated by that operator sum of two nonnegative self-adjoint operatorsA andB which is self-adjoint.     

Positive polynomials on projective limits of real algebraic varieties

We reveal some important geometric aspects related to non-convex optimization of sparse polynomials. The main result, a Positivstellensatz on the fibre product of real algebraic affine varieties, is iterated to a comprehensive class of projective limits of such varieties. This framework includes as necessary ingredients recent works on the multivariate moment problem, disintegration and projective limits of probability measures and basic techniques of the theory of locally convex vector spaces. A variety of applications illustrate the versatility of this novel geometric approach to polynomial optimization.     

Locally tensor product functions

We present in this paper a family of functions which are tensor product functions in subdomains, while not having the usual drawback of functions which are tensor product functions in the whole domain. With these functions we can add more points in some region without adding points on lines parallel to the axes. These functions are linear combinations of tensor product polynomial B-splines, and the knots of different B-splines are less connected together than with usual polynomial B-splines. Approximation of functions, or data, with such functions gives satisfactory results, as shown by numerical experimentation. AMS subject classification 41A15, 41A63, 65Dxx     

Bivariate Polynomial Natural Spline Interpolation Algorithms with Local Basis for Scattered Data

Because of its importance in both theory and applications, multivariate splines have attracted special attention in many fields. Based on the theory of spline functions in Hilbert spaces, bivariate polynomial natural splines for interpolating, smoothing or generalized interpolating of scattered data over an arbitrary domain are constructed with one-sided functions. However, this method is not well suited for large scale numerical applications. In this paper, a new locally supported basis for the bivariate polynomial natural spline space is constructed. Some properties of this basis are also discussed. Methods to order scattered data are shown and algorithms for bivariate polynomial natural spline interpolating are constructed. The interpolating coefficient matrix is sparse, and thus, the algorithms can be easily implemented in a computer.     

Weak flatness criteria for codimension 2 spheres in codimension 1 manifolds

The “Kiee problem” is to determine which submanifolds of Sⁿ have the property that all their subspheres and subcells are flat. In this paper we study the related problem of determining submanifolds of Sⁿ having all subspheres weakly flat and all subcells cellular.     

Ranks of Low K-Groups of Fibre Products

In this article, we discuss the ranks of low K-groups in pullback diagrams and give the upper and lower bounds on ranks of K-groups of a fibre product (or pullback) under some suitable conditions.     

Real hypersurfaces in complex space forms concerned with the local symmetry

This paper consists of two parts. In the first, we find some geometric conditions derived from the local symmetry of the inverse image by the Hopf fibration of a real hypersurface M in complex space form M _m(4ε). In the second, we give a complete classification of real hypersurfaces in M _m(4ε) which satisfy the above geometric facts. The second author was supported by DGICYT research project BFM 2001-2871-C04-01 and the first and the third authors were supported by grant Proj. No. R14-2002-003-01001-0 from Korea Research Foundation, Korea 2006.