RETRACTED: Simultaneous flow-through determination of nitrites, nitrates and their mixtures in environmental and biological samples using spectrophotometry

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors-in-Chief. Please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). REASON: Considerable concern was raised about the research purportedly conducted at Sri Venkateswara University, India with the alleged involvement of Professor P. Chiranjeevi. Questions were raised as to the volume of publications, the actual capacity (equipment, orientation and chemicals) of the laboratory in which Professor Chiranjeevi worked, the validity of certain of the research data identified in the articles, the fact that a number of papers appear to have been plagiarized from other previously published papers, and some aspects of authorship. Professor Chiranjeevi was given the opportunity to respond to these allegations. Thereafter, a committee was constituted by the University to look into these allegations. Based on the enquiry committee report, we have been informed by the head of the Department of Chemistry at Sri Venkateswara University that the university authorities have taken disciplinary action against Professor Chiranjeevi, as the university considers that there are grounds for such action. Therefore, based on the results of this investigation, the Editors-in-Chief are retracting this article.     

RETRACTED: A simple spectrophotometric technique for the determination of carbaryl pesticides in various environments

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors-in-Chief. Please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). REASON: Considerable concern was raised about the research purportedly conducted at Sri Venkateswara University, India with the alleged involvement of Prof. P. Chiranjeevi. Questions were raised as to the volume of publications, the actual capacity (equipment, orientation and chemicals) of the laboratory in which Prof. Chiranjeevi worked, the validity of certain of the research data identified in the articles, the fact that a number of papers appear to have been plagiarized from other previously published papers, and some aspects of authorship. Professor Chiranjeevi was given the opportunity to respond to these allegations. Thereafter, a committee was constituted by the University to look into these allegations. Based on the enquiry committee report, we have been informed by the head of the Department of Chemistry at Sri Venkateswara University that the university authorities have taken disciplinary action against Prof. Chiranjeevi, as the university considers that there are grounds for such action. Therefore, based on the results of this investigation, the Editor is retracting this article.     

RETRACTED: Coated graphite-epoxy ion-selective electrode for the determination of chromium(III) in oxalic medium

This article has been retracted at the request of the Talanta Editors-in-Chief.Reason: After publication this article was discovered to have been plagiarized from an earlier work by Orlando Fatibello-Filho, Marcos Fernando de Souza Teixeira, Alexandre Zambon Pinto, presented in their paper ‘Coated graphite-epoxy ion-selective electrode for the determination of iron(III) in oxalic medium’, published in Analytical Letters 30 (1997) 417-427.We very much regret this error, and offer our apologies to Professor Fatibello-Filho and his co-workers.J-M. KauffmannG.D. ChristianEditors-in-Chief     

多孔电极在电化学体系中的应用

查全性教授是中国现代电化学的奠基人之一. 在他的带领下,武汉大学化学系电化学研究室在基础电化学和应用电化学领域取得了卓越的成绩. 查教授及同事们在过去几十年里,栽培学生无数. 后来,一部分学生有幸成为推动世界电化学学科发展的中坚力量. 在这篇综述中,作者将概述查教授及同事们在电化学领域打下的夯实基础,及作者在多孔电极方向的研究进展. 本文的所有作者均于不同时期毕业于武汉大学. 站在巨人的肩膀上,我们实属荣幸！     

多金属氧酸盐研究的文献计量分析

为了从整体上了解多金属氧酸盐研究的情况,论文从文献计量的角度出发,对多金属氧酸盐(多酸)领域的研究进行了综述.目前多酸研究的世界格局较之上个世纪已经有了改变,俄罗斯(原苏联)已经退出了世界前五的地位,中国发文量已经超过世界的二分之一,上升到首位,其他三位仍是美国、法国、日本,德国取代了俄罗斯成了第五位.东北师范大学作为国际上多酸领域发文最多的机构,总引用也最多,其中王恩波教授是国际上多酸领域发文量最多的作者.     

A Festschrift in honor of Akira Imamura��s 77th birthday, his recent retirement, and his many contributions to theoretical chemistry

The Imamura Festschrift Issue of Theoretical Chemistry Accounts is a special multifocus international issue commemorating the 77th birthday of Professor Akira Imamura and his many contributions to the fields of theoretical chemistry, polymer science, molecular biophysics, chemical physics, and molecular biology. This issue has contributions in theoretical developments of methods applicable to larger polymeric systems, for example, the elongation method pioneered by Professor Imamura and his group, and more recently by the groups of Professor Yuriko Aoki at Kyushu University and Professor Feng Long Gu at South China Normal University, supported by several funds from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). In addition, there are contributions from top experimental and theoretical groups in the areas of nanotechnology, bionanotechnology, quantum transport theory, molecular biophysics, molecular electronics, and even molecular medicine and medical diagnostics, where the marriage between theory and experiment is very important to be able to fully understand, interpret, and utilize the wealth of new and exciting experimental data. The development of new and refined methods, and the extension of older more conventional methods, will be required for these fields to continue to evolve/co-evolve and develop, as they have in the last 60?years. But to evolve in a guided fashion (guided evolution), that is, to meet the needs and functions of not only the individual scientists and research groups but also of society in general, will require a concerted effort from not only experimentalists and theoreticians in each individual subdiscipline but also for them to work together and share their accumulated knowledge and experience, as is now being done in various research networks around the world, including the one originally initiated/formed by Professor Imamura and Professor Janos Ladik at the Third International Congress of Quantum Chemistry (ICQC) in Kyoto, Japan. Through this network, Professor Imamura has been able to pass on a wealth of knowledge, expertise, and experience to the current and future generations of scientists in Germany, the United States, and China, as Professor Imamura is still doing with his lectures both in Japan at Kyushu University and in China at South China Normal University, and previously in Erlangen at the University of Erlangen, in Heidelberg at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) in Germany, and in Ithaca, New York at Cornell University in the United States. He has been a real example of the modern protean research scientist and professor who has continued to be in research and teaching, active well beyond the formerly set retirement age of 63 or 65 set by society. The idea that researchers and professors cannot be active in their 60s, 70s, and 80s has now also been shown to be a misconception that needs to be corrected at the funding and institutional levels. Too many very active, knowledgeable, and experienced researchers and professors have been forced to stand on the sidelines, while those who have replaced them have very little practical knowledge, expertise, and more importantly, life experience. A whole generation of young academics are being hired who have never worked a day in industry, never visited an industrial laboratory and/or research group, and hence are unable, (don??t know) and in many cases, unwilling to train and educate their students with the skills they need to not only work in industry but also to create new and exciting new industries. The idea that the large chemical and pharmaceutical companies and government laboartories will hire all of the ever increasing numbers of undergraduate and graduate (MSc and PhD) students no longer applies. The university mission is no longer just to teach, give knowledge, and to do research, but also to innovate, that is, to train the students to take their acquired knowledge from their text books and apply it with the newly acquired knowledge in the research laboratories to start and develop new industries and companies. But this means that the students need to be trained in the fields of engineering economics, finance, and scientific and international law, so that they are able to undertake such projects, in addition to understanding and applying their scientific knowledge. It will also require a concerted effort by funding agencies, state, local, federal, and even international bodies that seek to create and sustain strong economies and infrastructure, which will support and be supported by the highly motivated, trained, and educated work forces. The third pillar is now being established, but it needs to now be totally and completely integrated with the other establishments and infrastructure.     

Freeon unitary group formulation of Hartree-Fock theory

Summary Hartree—Fock theory was a major topic in Professor Löwdin's famous 1955Physical Review papers. His development was based on fermion orbitals and the Slater determinant. Since that time there has been developed, at the University of Texas, the freeon, unitary-group formulation of quantum chemistry as a viable alternative to the fermionic formulations of nonrelativistic quantum chemistry. We wish to express our appreciation to Professor Löwdin for his strong support of our freeon studies and for many helpful conversations.     

New Phenomena in Radical Polymerization

G. Smets, Louvain, Belqium: Gentlemen, as Professor Vogl already said, Professor Zubov willpresent today the paper which should have been presented by our colleague, Professor Kabanov. Each of us knows very well the very active research directed by Professor Kabanov at the Lomonosov University of Moscow. We do regret very sincerely his absence. May I now ask, please, Professor Zubov to take the chair.     

杨石先对农药化学学科的重要贡献及其学术思想

杨石先先生一生献身于我国的教育事业与化学学科的发展,在62年中为我国培养了无数高质量的科教人才。他除了长期担任南开大学校长之外, 还创建了我国大学第一个专职研究所,即元素有机化学研究所。他率先开展了我国元素有机化学与农药化学的科学研究,领导了元素有机化学国家重点实验室的建立,是我国元素有机化学和农药化学的奠基人和开拓者。他倡导用有机化学的专业知识,科学和系统地开展农药化学研究,组建队伍获得20项科研成果,发表上百篇科学与论述性论文,为我国开展自主创新农药研究事业作出重要贡献。在农药化学学科的学术思想中,他强调要弄清该学科的交叉性、系统性和内在规律性,倡导要学习国际先进经验,要结合国情自主创新,要为国家经济服务,要对世界农药科技做出贡献。他毕生对人才培养给予了特别的重视,为我国科技事业持续发展作出了重大贡献。     

On the history of the development of Sephadex®

Summary The creative and stimulating atmosphere in the laboratories of The Svedberg and Arne Tiselius in the Departments of Physical Chemistry and Biochemistry of Uppsala University during the 1930's, 1940's and 1950's, was a nursery for a remarkable set of both academic and industrial advances. Their pupils were to become distinguished professors at Swedish Universities, as well as abroad, and they were directly involved in the development of two successful Swedish industries, LKB-produkter AB in Stockholm and Pharmacia AB in Uppsala. This review describes the preconditions and the events which led to the development of one of the first commercially available biochemical separation products, the gel filtration medium Sephadex which was introduced by Pharmacia AB in 1959. All the necessary components of a successful transfer of academic research to industrial product development were at hand: a scientific culture of common origin and a longstanding tradition in methodological research; mutual understanding and respect combined with informal links not only between the scientists involved but also between the president of the company and the university authorities. So far, 49 products (excluding those intended for use in health care and diagnostics) have been developed based on the epichlorohydrin cross-linked dextran gel Sephadex. This review is dedicated to my teacher professor Jerker Porath on his retirement as Jacobsonian Professor of Biochemistry at Uppsala University in December 1987.     

从理论模型到探究应用：二维材料锡烯的发展史

2011年,中科院物理研究所的姚裕贵教授从理论上对二维锡进行了研究,首次预测了二维锡是一种拓扑绝缘体。至2013年,二维锡的理论研究已较为成熟,美国斯坦福大学的张首晟教授基于锡的拉丁文stannum和二维烯材料2D-Xene后缀组合正式提出了锡烯(Stanene)的概念。2015年,上海交通大学的贾金锋教授等人利用分子束外延技术在Bi₂Te₃(111)衬底上首次成功地生长出了二维锡烯。随后,锡烯在不同衬底上相继生成,其制备方法取得了一定的进展。人们也在制备探究中逐渐发现,锡烯具有优异的物化性质,在众多领域内有良好的应用前景。锡烯的发展史重新诠释了二维材料的发展机制,为新型二维材料的预测、制备与应用提供了新的视角和思路。     

Sol-Gel Research—Achievements Since 1981 and Prospects for the Future

The beginning of the present era of Sol-Gel science and technology is perhaps best identified as the First International Workshop on Glasses and Glass Ceramics from Gels organized by the late Professor V. Gottardi and held in Padova in October 1981. Since that time there has been nine more Workshops held every two years all over the world. These past twenty years have witnessed the phenomenal growth of sol-gel research. Some 3000 papers have been published in this field. The objective of this report is to summarize some of the most significant research achievements and to discuss prospects for the future. Research in these past two decades is divided into three generations of solid gels: oxides, inorganic-organic hybrids and composites made from the suspension of a variety of solids in the hybrids. Some specific examples are presented. Although research accomplishments to date have been remarkable, success has created a proliferation of research conferences sponsored by seemingly too many professional groups. This and the duplication of research plus the lack of recognition by the scientific community on the value and direction of sol-gel research have cast a shadow on future prospects.     

Organization, management and operation of contemporary academic mass spectrometry service facilities

The rapid evolution of mass spectrometry in the past 15 years has moved mass spectrometry facilities from the traditional model in which instruments were located in and used for a single department's samples to a distributed model servicing entire universities. In this paper we describe two such shared instrument facilities that have evolved from a base in a single department to facilities that service a broad clientele. The Purdue University Campus-wide Mass Spectrometry Center (CWMSC) is a decentralized facility with multiple sites on campus. The CWMSC is a limited-access facility in which samples are run by service facility personnel in close cooperation with investigators. The Vanderbilt University Mass Spectrometry Research Center (VU-MSRC) is a centralized facility in the medical school that provides services to the university at large. The VU-MSRC is an open-access facility in which users are expected to prepare and analyze their own samples under the guidance of a trained operator. Perhaps the most significant benefit achieved by these models has been the minimization of academic barriers and the resultant intellectual cross-fertilization that has greatly enriched research at institutions where this approach has been adopted. The advantages and limitations of both models are discussed in terms of the traditional academic paradigm of service, research and education.     

Organic synthesis in a changing world

This article is based on a lecture presented to the Chemical Society of Japan at Wasada University on March 27, 2002, by Professor Steven V. Ley. The lecture, "Organic Synthesis in a Changing World," was a comprehensive account of the ongoing research efforts of professor Ley's group in the development and application of solid-supported reagents and scavengers for use in organic synthesis.     

Further development of a graduate program in nuclear and radiochemistry at the University of Texas

Over the last three years we have developed a very robust nuclear and radiochemistry program at The University of Texas at Austin. The cornerstone of support was the DOE Radiochemistry Educational Award Program (REAP) that was awarded from 2002–2005. A second award for the period of 2005–2008 was just received. This award has enabled us to support many educational activities from vanguard classroom instruction, to laboratory enhancements, to research activities at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Both traditional radiochemistry and advanced topics in nuclear instrumentation have been supported. Various DOE university programs, national lab funding and IAEA fellowship grants, have allowed the Nuclear and Radiation Engineering Program at the University of Texas to be at the forefront of nuclear and radiochemistry educational and research activities and help secure the next generation of needed expertise.     

Pyrrolopyrimidines. 2.* Synthesis and oxidative conversions of 5-amino-1,3-Dimethylpyrrolo[3, 2-d]pyrimidine-2, 4-diones

By the action of hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid in an alkaline medium on 1,3-dimethyl- and 1,3-dimethyl-7-bromopyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones, their 5-amino derivatives have been obtained. It has been shown that the oxidation of these derivatives leads to the formation of the corresponding tetrazenes and products of deamination, the ratio of which is determined by the type of oxidizing agent and by the reaction conditions. I-Aminoindole behaves analogously.Rostov State University, Rostov-on-Don 344104. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1131–1137, August, 1995. Original article submitted June 19, 1995.