共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Carboxylated-azobenzene chromophore modified TiO2 nanowire composites were prepared and characterized. Photocurrent measured with monochromatic incident light irradiation results showed that azobenzene modified TiO2 nanowire electrode had obviously higher photocurrent and broader visible light response covering range of 350-650 nm, and the wavelength position corresponding to the maximum photocurrent was red shift to about 470 nm. After alternate irradiation with UV and visible light, the azobenzene modified TiO2 nanowire electrode exhibited obvious photoelectrochemical switching properties. Furthermore, the photocurrent under visible light irradiation was much higher than that under UV irradiation due to the cis-to-trans isomerization transformation of azobenzene chromophore. 相似文献
2.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Ternary Hematite Nanocomposites Structure with Fullerene and 2D‐Electrochemical Reduced Graphene Oxide for Superior Photoelectrochemical Performance
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Yi Wen Phuan Meng Nan Chong Oodaye Satokhee Andrew Brian De Souza Tao Zhu Eng Seng Chan 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2017,34(1)
In this study, a novel ternary hematite nanocomposites photoanode structure with superior photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance consisting of fullerene (C60) and 2D‐electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (eRGO) used as the effective surface passivators is developed. The introduction of both the electron scavenging C60 and highly conducting eRGO has mitigated the high interfacial recombination rate of hematite and led to the superior enhancement in PEC performance. UV–vis analysis reveals that the incorporation of C60 and eRGO can provide a stronger light absorption at the visible light (400 nm < λ < 700 nm) and near infrared (IR) region (λ > 700 nm). Through the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, it can be concluded that the introduction of C60 and eRGO onto hematite photoanode improves electron transfer and collection, reduces charge‐carrier recombination efficiency, and enhances PEC activity. The resultant ternary hematite photoanode structure exhibits 16.8‐fold enhancement in photocurrent density and 0.8‐fold reduction in charge transfer resistance when compared to the bare hematite structure only. This study has shown that the application of C60, 2D‐eRGO, or in combination as a ternary structure provides the plasmonic effect that can enhance the PEC performance in hematite photoanode structure. 相似文献
3.
TiO2 and Pt doped TiO2 thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on 〈0 0 1〉 SiO2 substrates. The doped films were compared with undoped ones deposited in similar experimental conditions. An UV KrF* (λ = 248 nm, τFWHM ≅ 20 ns, ν = 2 Hz) excimer laser was used for the irradiation of the TiO2 or Pt doped TiO2 targets. The substrate temperatures were fixed during the growth of the thin films at values within the 300-500 °C range. The films’ surface morphology was investigated by atomic force microscopy and their crystalline quality by X-ray diffractometry. The corresponding transmission spectra were recorded with the aid of a double beam spectrophotometer in the spectral range of 400-1100 nm. No contaminants or Pt segregation were detected in the synthesized anatase phase TiO2 thin films composition. Titania crystallites growth inhibition was observed with the increase of the dopant concentration. The average optical transmittance in the visible-infrared spectral range of the films is higher than 85%, which makes them suitable for sensor applications. 相似文献
4.
Hui ZhaoWuyou Fu Haibin YangYang Xu Wenyan ZhaoYanyan Zhang Hui ChenQiang Jing Xuefeng QiJing Cao Xiaoming ZhouYixing Li 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(21):8778-8783
TiO2/Fe2O3 core-shell nanocomposition film has been fabricated via two-step method. TiO2 nanorod arrays are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method, and followed by Fe2O3 nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 nanorod arrays through an ordinary chemical bath deposition. The phase structures, morphologies, particle size, chemical compositions of the composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometer. The results confirm that Fe2O3 nanoparticles of mean size ca. 10 nm coated on the surface of TiO2 NRs. After depositing Fe2O3, UV-vis absorption property is induces the shift to the visible-light range, the annealing temperature of 600 °C is the best condition for UV-vis absorption property of TiO2/Fe2O3 nanocomposite film, and increasing Fe content, optical activity are enhanced one by one. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performances of the as-prepared composite nanorods are determined by measuring the photo-generated currents under illumination of UV-vis light. The TiO2 NRs modified by Fe2O3 show the photocurrent value of 1.36 mA/cm2 at 0 V vs Ag/AgCl, which is higher than those of unmodified TiO2 NRs. 相似文献
5.
Sawanta S. MaliPravin S. Shinde C.A. BettyPopatrao N. Bhosale Won J. LeePramod S. Patil 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(23):9737-9746
TiO2 thin films with novel nanocoral-like morphology were successfully grown directly onto the glass and conducting fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass substrates via multi-step hydrothermal (MSH) process. Titanium chloroalkoxide [TiCl2 (OEt)2 (HOEt)2)] precursor was used in an aqueous saturated NaCl in presence of 1 mM HCl catalyst and HNO3 peptizer at 120 °C. Reaction time varied from 3 to 12 h. The morphological features and physical properties of TiO2 films were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, room temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface morphology revealed the formation of TiO2 corals having nanosized (30-40 nm) polyps. The photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO2 nanocoral electrodes were investigated in 0.1 M NaOH electrolyte under UV illumination. The results presented in this study highlight two major findings: (i) ability to tune the photoelectrochemical response and photoconversion efficiency via controlled thickness of TiO2 nanocorals and (ii) the substantial increase in short circuit photocurrent (Jsc) due to the improved charge transport through TiO2 nanocorals prepared via MSH process. This approach would be quite useful for the fabrication of nanocoral architecture that finds key applications in photocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells and hybrid solar cells. 相似文献
6.
Preparation, characterization of Au (or Pt)-loaded titania nanotubes and their photocatalytic activities for degradation of methyl orange 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by hydrothermal method and Au (or Pt) was loaded on TiO2 nanotubes by photodeposition method. The photocatalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and N2 adsorption technique, respectively. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were also investigated. The results show that TiO2 nanotubes with uniform diameter were prepared, and they have specific surface areas over 400 m2/g. The specific surface areas of TiO2 nanotubes decrease with the increasing of calcining temperature, and crystalline phase of TiO2 in the wall of nanotubes was transformed from anatase into rutile phase in calcination process. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 nanotubes are higher than that of nanosized TiO2, and the photocatalytic activities of TiO2 nanotubes were enhanced after loading Au (or Pt). After irradiation for 40 min under a 300 W of middle-pressure mercury lamp (MPML), the degradation rate of methyl orange solution using the Au/TiNT-500 (or Pt/TiNT-500) as a catalyst can reach 96.1% (or 95.1%). On the other hand, Au-loaded sample has evident adsorption peak in visible range, indicating that Au-loaded TiO2 nanotubes are hopeful to become visible light photocatalyst. 相似文献
7.
The present work reports the effect of light on the open-circuit voltage of a photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) formed of TiO2 photoanode, Pt cathode and Na2SO4 (0.35 M) aqueous solution as electrolyte. The studies included the measurements of the electromotive force (EMF) during the
light-off and light-on cycles for the PEC involving photoanode that was made of both oxidised and reduced TiO2 thin films. These specimens were formed by oxidation of the titanium metal at high and low oxygen activities. This was achieved
by the imposition of the gas phase of two different compositions, including air, p(O2) = 21 kPa, and the hydrogen–water vapour mixture, p(O2) = 10-10p({\rm O}_2) = 10^{-10} Pa, at 1,123 K and subsequent cooling to room temperature. The determined data indicate that the PEC formed of the oxidised
specimen exhibits larger EMF and a substantially better stability in time. It is, therefore, concluded that the TiO2 obtained in air exhibits superior performance-related properties compared to the reduced specimen. The obtained experimental
EMF data are considered in terms of the effect of light on the reactivity of TiO2 with oxygen and water and the related charge transfer. 相似文献
8.
Meili GuoJiulin Du 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2012,407(6):1003-1007
We perform first-principles calculations to investigate the band structure, density of states, optical absorption, and the imaginary part of dielectric function of Cu, Ag, and Au-doped anatase TiO2 in 72 atoms systems. The electronic structure results show that the Cu incorporation can lead to the enhancement of d states near the uppermost of valence band, while the Ag and Au doping cause some new electronic states in band gap of TiO2. Meanwhile, it is found that the visible optical absorptions of Cu, Ag, and Au-doped TiO2, are observed by analyzing the results of optical properties, which locate in the region of 400-1000 nm. The absorption band edges of Cu, Ag, and Au-doped TiO2 shift to the long wavelength region compared with the pure TiO2. Furthermore, according to the calculated results, we propose the optical transition mechanisms of Cu, Ag, and Au-doped TiO2. Our results show that the visible light response of TiO2 can be modulated by substitutional doping of Cu, Ag, and Au. 相似文献
9.
Characterization of TiO2/Au/TiO2 films deposited by magnetron sputtering on polycarbonate substrates
Daeil Kim 《Applied Surface Science》2010,257(3):704-707
Transparent and conducting TiO2/Au/TiO2 (TAuT) films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on polycarbonate substrates to investigate the effect of the Au interlayer on the optical, electrical, and structural properties of the films. In TAuT films, the Au interlayer thickness was kept at 5 nm. Although total thickness was maintained at 100 nm, the stack structure was varied as 50/5/45, 70/5/25, and 90/5/5 nm.In XRD pattern, the intermediate Au films were crystallized, while all TAuT films did not show any diffraction peaks for TiO2 films with regardless of stack structure. The optical and electrical properties were dependent on the stack structure of the films. The lowest sheet resistance of 23 Ω/□ and highest optical transmittance of 76% at 550 nm were obtained from TiO2 90 nm/Au 5 nm/TiO2 5 nm films. The work function was dependent on the film stack. The highest work function (4.8 eV) was observed with the TiO2 90 nm/Au 5 nm/TiO2 5 nm film stack. The TAuT film stack of TiO2 90 nm/Au 5 nm/TiO2 5 nm films is an optimized stack that may be an alternative candidate for transparent electrodes in flat panel displays. 相似文献
10.
The growth mode and electronic structure of Au nano-clusters grown on NiO and TiO2 were analyzed by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, a field-emission type scanning electron microscope, medium energy ion scattering and photoelectron spectroscopy. Au was deposited on clean NiO(0 0 1)-1 × 1 and TiO2(1 1 0)-1 × 1 surfaces at room temperature with a Knudsen cell at a rate of 0.25-0.35 ML/min (1 ML = 1.39 × 1015 atoms/cm2:Au(1 1 1)). Initially two-dimensional (2D) islands with thickness of one Au-atom layer grow epitaxially on NiO(0 0 1) and then neighboring 2D-islands link each other to form three-dimensional (3D)-islands with the c-axis oriented to the [1 1 1] direction. The critical size to form 3D-islands is estimated to be about 5 nm2. The shape of the 3D-islands is well approximated by a partial sphere with a diameter d and height h ranging from 2.0 to 11.8 nm and from 0.95 to 4.2 nm, respectively for Au coverage from 0.13 to 4.6 ML. The valence band spectra show that the Au/NiO and Au/TiO2 surfaces have metallic characters for Au coverage above 0.9 ML. We observed Au 4f spectra and found no binding energy shift for Au/NiO but significant higher binding energy shifts for Au/TiO2 due to an electron charge transfer from Au to TiO2. The work function of Au/NiO(0 0 1) gradually increases with increase in Au coverage from 4.4 eV (NiO(0 0 1)) to 5.36 eV (Au(1 1 1)). In contrast, a small Au deposition(0.15 to 1.5 ML) on TiO2(1 1 0) leads to reduction of the work function, which is correlated with an electron charge transfer from Au to TiO2 substrate. 相似文献
11.
Dendritic nanocrystalline CdS film was deposited at liquid-liquid interface of surfactants and an electrolyte containing 4 mmol L−1 cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and 16 mmol L−1 thioacetamide (CH3CSNH2) with an initial pH value of 5 at 15 °C by electrochemical synthesis. The nanofilm was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The surface morphology and particle size of the nanofilm were investigated by AFM, SEM and TEM, and the crystalline size was 30-50 nm. The thickness of the nanofilm calculated by optical absorption spectrum was 80 nm. The microstructure and composition of the nanofilm was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), showing its polycrystalline structure consisting of CdS and Cd. Optical properties of the nanofilm were investigated systematically by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. A λonset blue shift compared with bulk CdS was observed in the absorption spectra. Fluorescence spectra of the nanofilm indicated that the CdS nanofilm emitted blue and green light. The nanocomposites film electrode will bring about anodic photocurrent during illumination, showing that the transfer of cavities produces photocurrent. 相似文献
12.
Jau-Jiun Chen Soohwan Jang F. Ren S. Rawal Hyun-Sik Kim S.J. Pearton A. Osinsky 《Applied Surface Science》2006,253(2):746-752
The specific contact resistivity and chemical intermixing of Ti/Au and Ti/Al/Pt/Au Ohmic contacts on n-type Zn0.05Cd0.95O layers grown on ZnO buffer layers on GaN/sapphire templates is reported as a function of annealing temperature in the range 200-600 °C. A minimum contact resistivity of 2.3 × 10−4 Ω cm2 was obtained at 500 °C for Ti/Al/Pt/Au and 1.6 × 10−4 Ω cm2 was obtained at 450 °C for Ti/Al. These values also correspond to the minima in transfer resistance for the contacts. The Ti/Al/Pt/Au contacts show far smoother morphologies after annealing even at 600 °C, whereas the Ti/Au contacts show a reacted appearance after 350 °C anneals. In the former case, Pt and Al outdiffusion is significant at 450 °C, whereas in the latter case the onset of Ti and Zn outdiffusion is evident at the same temperature. The improvement in contact resistance with annealing is suggested to occur through formation of TiOx phases that induce oxygen vacancies in the ZnCdO. 相似文献
13.
Peng Sun Haibin Yang Wuyou Fu Minghui Li Yanyan Zhang 《Applied Surface Science》2010,256(10):3170-9643
Nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films have been prepared on metal substrates using a facile layer-by-layer dip-coating method. The phase structure and morphologies of preparing samples were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results confirm that films are highly crystalline anatase TiO2 and free from other phases of titanium dioxide. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the nanoparticles are sintered together to form a compact structure. The electrical properties of samples were investigated by cutternt-voltage analysis, the result indicates that a rectifying junction between the nanocrystalline TiO2 film and metal substrate was formed. The photoelectrochemical characteristics recorded under 1.5 AM illumination indicates that the as-fabricated thin film electrode possesses the highest photocurrent density at 450 °C, which is 1.75 mA/cm2 at 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl. 相似文献
14.
The novel TiO2 nanopartilces/nanowires (TNPWs) composite with ZrO2 nanoparticles (ZNPs) shell-coated photoanodes were prepared to fabricate high-performance dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on different types of electrolytes. Hafnium oxide (HfO2) is a new and efficient blocking layer material applied over the TNPWs-ZNPs core-shell photoanode film. TiO2 nanoparticles (TNPs) and TiO2 nanowires (TNWs) were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DSSCs were fabricated using the novel photoanodes with an organic sensitizer D149 dye and different types of electrolytes namely liquid electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, and quasi-solid-state electrolyte. The DSSC-4 made through the novel core-shell photoanode using quasi-solid-state electrolyte showed better photocurrent efficiency (PCE) as compared to the other DSSCs. It has such photocurrent-voltage characteristics: short circuit photocurrent (Jsc)?=?19 mA/cm2, the open circuit voltage (Voc)?=?650 mV, fill factor (FF)?=?65 %, and PCE (η)?=?8.03 %. The improved performance of DSSC-4 is ascribed to the core-shell with blocking layer photoanode could increased electron transport and suppressed recombination of charge carriers at the TNPWs-ZNPs/dye/electrolyte interface. 相似文献
15.
CdS quantum dot (QD) sensitized TiO2 nanorod array (NRA) film electrodes with different rod geometries were fabricated via a solvothermal route followed by a
sequentialchemical bath deposition (S-CBD) process. By controlling the solution growth conditions, the rod geometries, especially
the tip structures, of the TiO2 NRAs were tuned. The results indicated that the vertically aligned hierarchical NRAs possessed conically shaped tip geometry,
which was favorable for film electrodes due to the reduced reflectance, enhanced light harvesting, fast charge-carrier separation
and transfer, suppression of carrier recombination, sufficient electrolyte penetration and subsequent efficient QD assembly.
CdS QD sensitized TiO2 NRA film electrodes with tapered tips exhibited an enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance, a photocurrent intensity
of 5.13 mA/cm2 at a potential of 0 V vs. saturated calomel electrode, an open-circuit potential of −0.68 V vs. saturated calomel electrode
and an incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 22% in the visible-light region from 400 to 500 nm. The
effects of rod geometry on the optical absorption, reflectance, hydrophilic properties and PEC performance of bare TiO2 and CdS QD sensitized TiO2 NRA film electrodes were investigated. The mechanism of charge-carrier generation and transfer in these CdS QD sensitized
solar cells based on vertically aligned TiO2 nanorods is discussed. 相似文献
16.
In the paper, we present experimental results to enhance the understanding of Ti out-diffusion and oxidization in commercial poly-Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si wafers with perovskite oxide films deposited when heat-treated in flowing oxygen ambient. It indicates that when heat-treated at 550 and 600 °C, PtTi3+PtTi and PtTi are the reaction products from interfacial interaction, respectively; while heat-treated at 650 °C and above, the products become three layers of titanium oxides instead of the alloys. Confirmed to be rutile TiO2, the first two layers spaced by 65 nm encapsulate the Pt surface by the first layer with 60 nm thick forming at its surface and by the next layer with 35 nm thick inserting its original layer. In addition, the next layer is formed as a barrier to block up continuous diffusion paths of Ti, and thus results in the last layer of TiO2−x formed by the residual Ti oxidizing. 相似文献
17.
Efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic degradation of MO on the Cr-nanocrystalline titania-S
Masood Hamadanian Ali Sadeghi SarabiAli Mihammadi Mehra Vahid Jabbari 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(24):10639-10644
In order to improve visible light photocatalytic activities of the nanometer TiO2, a novel and efficient Cr,S-codoped TiO2 (Cr-TiO2-S) photocatalyst was prepared by precipitation-doping method. The crystalline structure, morphology, particle size, and chemical structure of Cr-TiO2-S were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) techniques, respectively. Results indicate that the doping of Cr and S, cause absorption edge shifts to the visible light region (λ > 420 nm) compare to the pure TiO2, reduces average size of the TiO2 crystallites, enhances desired lattice distortion of Ti, promotes separation of photo-induced electron and hole pair, and thus improves pollutant decomposition under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activities of Cr-TiO2-S nanoparticles were evaluated using the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) as probe reaction under the irradiation of UV and visible light and it was observed that the Cr-TiO2-S photocatalyst shows higher visible photocatalytic activity than the pure TiO2. The optimal Cr-TiO2-S concentration to obtain the highest photocatalytic activity was 5 mol% for both of Cr and S. 相似文献
18.
TiO2 sol-gels with various Ag/TiO2 molar ratios from 0 to 0.9% were used to fabricate silver-modified nano-structured TiO2 thin films using a layer-by-layer dip-coating (LLDC) technique. This technique allows obtaining TiO2 nano-structured thin films with a silver hierarchical configuration. The coating of pure TiO2 sol-gel and Ag-modified sol-gel was marked as T and A, respectively. According to the coating order and the nature of the TiO2 sol-gel, four types of the TiO2 thin films were constructed, and marked as AT (bottom layer was Ag modified, surface layer was pure TiO2), TA (bottom layer was pure TiO2, surface layer was Ag modified), TT (pure TiO2 thin film) and AA (TiO2 thin film was uniformly Ag modified). These thin films were characterized by means of linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and transient photocurrent (Iph). LSV confirmed the existence of Ag0 state in the TiO2 thin film. SEM and XRD experiments indicated that the sizes of the TiO2 nanoparticles of the resulting films were in the order of TT > AT > TA > AA, suggesting the gradient Ag distribution in the films. The SEM and XRD results also confirmed that Ag had an inhibition effect on the size growth of anatase nanoparticles. Photocatalytic activities of the resulting thin films were also evaluated in the photocatalytic degradation process of methyl orange. The preliminary results demonstrated the sequence of the photocatalytic activity of the resulting films was AT > TA > AA > TT. This suggested that the silver hierarchical configuration can be used to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin film. 相似文献
19.
Cadmium sulfide thin films have been deposited on glass substrates by simple and cost effective chemical bath deposition technique. Triethanolamine was used as a complexing agent. The preparative parameters like ion concentration, temperature, pH, speed of substrate rotation and deposition time have been optimized for good quality thin films. The ‘as-grown’ films are characterized for structural, electrical, optical and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies reveal that the films are polycrystalline in nature. Energy-dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDAX) shows that films are cadmium rich. Uniform deposition of CdS thin films on glass substrate is observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) micrographs. Optical studies reveal a high absorption coefficient (104 cm−1) with a direct type of transition. The band gap is estimated to be 2.47 eV. The film shows n-type conduction mechanism. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell with CdS thin film as a photoanode and sulfide/polysulfide (1 M) solution as an electrolyte have been constructed and investigated for various cell parameters. The solar to electrical conversion efficiency (η) and fill factor (ff) are found to be 0.049% and 0.36, respectively. 相似文献
20.
Shuyun Kuang 《Applied Surface Science》2009,255(16):7385-7388
TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays modified by Fe2O3 with high sensibility in the visible spectrum were first prepared by annealing anodic titania NTs pre-loaded with Fe(OH)3 which was uniformly clung to the titania NTs using sequential chemical bath deposition (S-CBD). The photoelectrochemical performances of the as-prepared composite nanotubes were determined by measuring the photo-generated currents and voltages under illumination of UV-vis light. The titania NTs modified by Fe2O3 showed higher photopotential and photocurrent values than those of unmodified titania NTs. The enhanced photoelectrochemical behaviors can be attributed to the modified Fe2O3 which increases the probability of charge-carrier separation and extends the range of the TiO2 photoresponse from ultraviolet (UV) to visible region due to the low band gap of 2.2 eV of Fe2O3. 相似文献