Subnormal Toeplitz operators and the kernels of their self-commutators

In this note we give a connection between subnormal Toeplitz operators and the kernels of their self-commutators. This is closely related to P.R. Halmos's Problem 5: Is every subnormal Toeplitz operator either normal or analytic? Our main theorem is as follows: If φ∈L^∞ is such that φ and are of bounded type (that is, they are quotients of two analytic functions on the open unit disk) and if the kernel of the self-commutator of Tφ is invariant for Tφ then Tφ is either normal or analytic.     

关于近次正常加权移位算子的一个注记

本文给出了双侧加权移位算子的近次正常性的完全刻画.作为主要结果的应用,文章的最后提供了Hilbert空间第160问题的许多新的答案.     

A gap between hyponormality and subnormality for block Toeplitz operators

This paper concerns a gap between hyponormality and subnormality for block Toeplitz operators. We show that there is no gap between 2-hyponormality and subnormality for a certain class of trigonometric block Toeplitz operators (e.g., its co-analytic outer coefficient is invertible). In addition we consider the extremal cases for the hyponormality of trigonometric block Toeplitz operators: in this case, hyponormality and normality coincide.     

The finite rank perturbations of the product of Hankel and Toeplitz operators

In this paper we completely characterize when the product of a Hankel operator and a Toeplitz operator on the Hardy space is a finite rank perturbation of a Hankel operator, and when the commutator of a Hankel operator and a Toeplitz operators has finite rank.     

Hyponormality and subnormality for powers of commuting pairs of subnormal operators

Let H₀ (respectively H_∞) denote the class of commuting pairs of subnormal operators on Hilbert space (respectively subnormal pairs), and for an integer k?1 let Hk denote the class of k-hyponormal pairs in H₀. We study the hyponormality and subnormality of powers of pairs in Hk. We first show that if (T₁,T₂)∈H₁, the pair may fail to be in H₁. Conversely, we find a pair (T₁,T₂)∈H₀ such that but (T₁,T₂)∉H₁. Next, we show that there exists a pair (T₁,T₂)∈H₁ such that is subnormal (for all m,n?1), but (T₁,T₂) is not in H_∞; this further stretches the gap between the classes H₁ and H_∞. Finally, we prove that there exists a large class of 2-variable weighted shifts (T₁,T₂) (namely those pairs in H₀ whose cores are of tensor form (cf. Definition 3.4)), for which the subnormality of and does imply the subnormality of (T₁,T₂).     

On finite rank operators in CSL algebras II

For finite rank operators in a commutative subspace lattice algebra algℒ we introduce the concept of correlation matrices, basing on which we prove that a finite rank operator in algℒ can be written as a finite sum of rank-one operators in algℒ, if it has only finitely many different correlation matrices. Thus we can recapture the results of J.R. Ringrose, A. Hopenwasser and R.Moore as corollaries of our theorems. Research supported by NSF of China     

Algebraic properties and the finite rank problem for Toeplitz operators on the Segal-Bargmann space

We study three different problems in the area of Toeplitz operators on the Segal-Bargmann space in Cn. Extending results obtained previously by the first author and Y.L. Lee, and by the second author, we first determine the commutant of a given Toeplitz operator with a radial symbol belonging to the class Sym_>0(Cn) of symbols having certain growth at infinity. We then provide explicit examples of zero-products of non-trivial Toeplitz operators. These examples show the essential difference between Toeplitz operators on the Segal-Bargmann space and on the Bergman space over the unit ball. Finally, we discuss the “finite rank problem”. We show that there are no non-trivial rank one Toeplitz operators Tf for f∈Sym_>0(Cn). In all these problems, the growth at infinity of the symbols plays a crucial role.     

Characterizations of normal, hyponormal and EP operators

In this paper normal and hyponormal operators with closed ranges, as well as EP operators, are characterized in arbitrary Hilbert spaces. All characterizations involve generalized inverses. Thus, recent results of S. Cheng and Y. Tian [S. Cheng, Y. Tian, Two sets of new characterizations for normal and EP matrices, Linear Algebra Appl. 375 (2003) 181-195] are extended to infinite-dimensional settings.     

On subnormal operators

LetS be a pure subnormal operator such thatC*(S), theC*-algebra generated byS, is generated by a unilateral shiftU of multiplicity 1. We obtain conditions under which 5 is unitarily equivalent toα + βU, α andβ being scalars orS hasC*-spectral inclusion property. It is also proved that if in addition,S hasC*-spectral inclusion property, then so does its dualT andC*(T) is generated by a unilateral shift of multiplicity 1. Finally, a characterization of quasinormal operators among pure subnormal operators is obtained.     

Centripetal operators and Koszmider spaces

We study properties of Koszmider spaces and introduce a related notion of weakly Koszmider spaces. We show that if the space K is weakly Koszmider and C(K) is isomorphic to C(L) then L is also weakly Koszmider, but the analogous result does not hold for Koszmider spaces. We also show that a connected Koszmider space is strongly rigid.     

关于某些次正规算子的表示

设T是完全非正规的次正规算子。给出了T＝N＋K的充要条件,其中N是正规算子,K是拟正规算子,且NK＝KN。     

Topological characterisation of weakly compact operators

Let X be a Banach space. Then there is a locally convex topology for X, the “Right topology,” such that a linear map T, from X into a Banach space Y, is weakly compact, precisely when T is a continuous map from X, equipped with the “Right” topology, into Y equipped with the norm topology. When T is only sequentially continuous with respect to the Right topology, it is said to be pseudo weakly compact. This notion is related to Pelczynski's Property (V).     

A kernel for operators with one-dimensional self-commutators

It is known that if T is an operator with self-commutator of the form T^* T-TT^*=φ?φ, then for every complex z there is a unique solution x=T _z ^*?1 φ of (T?z)^*x=φ which is orthogonal to the kernel of (T-z)^*. The exponential representation $$1 - (T_z^{*^{ - 1} } \varphi ,T_w^{*^{ - 1} } \varphi ) = \exp \left\{ { - \frac{1}{\pi } \int {\mathbb{C} \frac{{g_T ^{(\zeta )} }}{{\overline {(\zeta - z)} (\zeta - w)}} \frac{{d\overline \zeta \Lambda d\zeta }}{{2i}}} } \right\}$$ where g_T is the principal function of T is established. The kernel \(\overline Q (z,w) \equiv (T_z^{*^{ - 1} } \varphi ,T_w^{*^{ - 1} } \varphi )\) has the advantage over previous kernels in that it is defined on all of ?². Several consequences of the exponential representation of Q are derived. For example, if the planar measure of the essential spectrum of T is zero, then the Cowen-Douglas curvature can be immediately computed from Q.     

On unbounded subnormal operators

A minimal normal extension of unbounded subnormal operators is established and characterized and spectral inclusion theorem is proved. An inverse Cayley transform is constructed to obtain a closed unbounded subnormal operator from a bounded one. Two classes of unbounded subnormals viz analytic Toeplitz operators and Bergman operators are exhibited.     

A polynomial Hutton theorem with applications

Extending a classical linear result due to Hutton to a nonlinear setting, we prove that a continuous homogeneous polynomial between Banach spaces can be approximated by finite rank polynomials if and only if its adjoint can be approximated by finite rank linear operators. Among other consequences, we apply this result to generalize a classical result due to Aron and Schottenloher about the approximation property on spaces of polynomials and a recent result due to Çaliskan and Rueda about the quasi-approximation property on projective symmetric tensor products.     

On a class of operators with finiterank self-commutators

This paper studies the class of pure operatorsA on a Hilbert space satisfying dimK _A <, where . The main tool is a pair of matrices and . A reproducing kernel Hilbert space model is introduced for a subclass of this class of operators. Some theorems are established for some subnormal operators as well as hyponormal operators in this class.     

On k-hyperexpansive operators

This paper considers the k-hyperexpansive Hilbert space operators T (those satisfying , 1?n?k) and the k-expansive operators (those satisfying the above inequality merely for n=k). It is known that if T is k-hyperexpansive then so is any power of T; we prove the analogous result for T assumed merely k-expansive. Turning to weighted shift operators, we give a characterization of k-expansive weighted shifts, and produce examples showing the k-expansive classes are distinct. For a weighted shift W that is k-expansive for all k (that is, completely hyperexpansive) we obtain results for k-hyperexpansivity of back step extensions of W. In addition, we discuss the completely hyperexpansive completion problem which is parallel to Stampfli's subnormal completion problem.     

Invariant subspaces for operators whose spectra are Carathéodory regions

In this paper it is shown that if an operator T satisfies ‖p(T)‖?‖p_‖σ(T) for every polynomial p and the polynomially convex hull of σ(T) is a Carathéodory region whose accessible boundary points lie in rectifiable Jordan arcs on its boundary, then T has a nontrivial invariant subspace. As a corollary, it is also shown that if T is a hyponormal operator and the outer boundary of σ(T) has at most finitely many prime ends corresponding to singular points on ∂D and has a tangent at almost every point on each Jordan arc, then T has a nontrivial invariant subspace.