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1.
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Kaliumhexacyano-ferrat(III) bei 200° unter Luftzutritt erwärmt, geht sehr langsam in Kaliumhexacyano-ferrat(II) über. Bei 250° und...  相似文献   

2.
Zusammenfassung Es wurde die thermische Analyse des Caesiumjodobismuthats(III) ausgeführt. Aus den Ergebnissen dieser sowie der chemischen und diffraktometrischen Analysen der Sinterprodukte wurde der Reaktionsmechanismus der thermischen Zersetzung dieser Verbindung festgestellt.
The thermal analysis of caesiumjodobismuthate(III) was carried out. From the results and the chemical and diffractometric analysis of sinters, the mechanism of thermal decomposition of this compound was established.

(III) . , .
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3.
Zusammenfassung Es wurde festgestellt, daß unter Luftzutritt die Grenze der thermischen Beständigkeit des K4[Fe(CN)6] bei 200° liegt. Die Zersetzung des Komplexes führt im Temperaturbereich von 200° bis 350° zu ferromagnetischen Intermediären. Der Ferromagnetismus der erwärmten Präparate konnte mit der Bildung von-Fe2O3 erklärt werden. Bei 250° besteht die vorherrschende kristalline Phase aus Kaliumkarbonat.
It has been found that the limit of thermal stability of K4[Fe(CN)6] in air is 200°. The decomposition of the complex in the temperature range of 200°–350° leads to ferromagnetic intermediates. The ferromagnetism of these products could be explained by the formation of-Fe2O3. At 250° the crystalline phase consists mainly of potassium carbonate.

Résumé On a établi que la limite de la stabilité thermique de K4[Fe(CN)6] en présence d'air s'élève à 200°. Entre 200 et 350°, la décomposition du complexe donne des produits intermédiaires ferromagnétiques. Ce ferromagnétisme s'explique par la formation de-Fe2O3. A 250°, la phase cristalline dominante est constituée par du carbonate de potassium.

, K4[Fe(CN)6] , 200°. 200°–350° . -Fe2O3. 250° .
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4.
The Thermal Decomposition of Iodine Tristrifluoroacetate The equation for the vapor pressure and the products form the thermal decomposition of iodine tristrifluoroacetate have been determined. A mechanism of the decomposition will be discussed.  相似文献   

5.
By thermolysis the crystalline chromium(III)hydroxidetrihydrate decomposes to the amorphous hydroxide which is, under an appropriate atmosphere, superficially oxidized until x&2sbnd;Cr2O3 nucleates. The nucleation temperature of Cr2O3 depends on the atmosphere , the heating rate, and other experimental conditions. This x&2sbnd;Cr2O3 is superficially oxidized [probably to CrIV],but no other phases can be detected by X-ray methods even with molybdenum radiation. The amorphous phase present just before nucleation of x&2sbnd;Cr2O3 only shows slightest traces of short range order but no defined crystalline phase from X-ray evidence. This collides with results of other authors but is explicable on careful inspection of the experimental conditions: in extremely thin sample layers, where the desorption of, e.g., H2O is comparatively easy, the reaction path is different from that in thick samples, where water etc. cannot readily escape but is caught in a microporous system in which considerable vapour pressures can build up. This confirms that topochemical reactions may lead to products that are difficult to obtain in equilibrium systems. By decomposition of crystalline Cr(OH)3·3H2O under water vapour a short range order develops up to 300°C that may be attributed to a particular lattice, e.g., to trigonal CrOOH of extremely small crystalline dimensions. However, we believe that the concept of crystal lattice becomes meaningless at such small dimensions.  相似文献   

6.
Zusammenfassung Die Zersetzung von Pb(CH3COO)3 · 3 H3O wurde im Bereich von Raumtemperatur bis 450° unter N3 mittels TG, DTA verfolgt und die Produkte wurden analytisch charakterisiert. PbO ist das hauptsächliche feste Endprodukt, neben dem im wesentlichen nur Pb entsteht. Als feste Zwischenprodukte wurden neben Pb(CH3COO)3 die basischen Acetate Pb(CH3COO)2 · PbO und Pb(CH3COO)2 · 2 PbO gefunden und durch Röntgenpulveraufnahmen identifiziert; diese basischen Acetate wurden durch isotherme Zersetzung bei 240 bzw. 305° dargestellt. Unter den durch GC und MS erfaßten und quantitativ bestimmten flüchtigen Zersetzungsprodukten sind CO2 und Aceton Hauptbestandteile. Verschiedene Bildungsweisen der übrigen Produkte, CH3COOH, (CH3CO)2O, Acetylaceton und des Zwischenproduktes Keten werden aufgezeigt.
The decomposition of Pb(CH3COO)3 · 3 H2O under N2 has been studied by TG and DTA between room temperature and 450° and the products have been characterized analytically. PbO is the main solid product, besides which essentially only Pb is produced. As solid intermediates, aside from Pb(CH3COO)3 the basic acetates Pb(CH3COO)2 · PbO and Pb(CH3COO)2 · 2 PbO have been found and identified via their X-ray powder diagrams; these basic acetates have been prepared by isothermal decomposition at 240 and 305°, respectively. Among the volatile decomposition products analyzed by GC and MS and determined quantitatively, CO2 and acetone are the main products. Different routes for the formation of the other products, CH3COOH, (CH3CO)2O, acetylacetone and the intermediate ketene are shown.

Résumé On a suivi, par TG et ATD sous N2, dans l'intervalle de températures allant de l'ambiante jusqu'à 450°, la décomposition de Pb(CH3COO)2 · 3 H2O dont on a caractérisé les produits par des méthodes analytiques. PbO est le principal produit final solide, en dehors duquel il ne se forme essentiellement que du Pb. Comme produits intermédiaires solides, on a trouvé, à part Pb(CH3COO)2, les acétates basiques Pb(CH3COO)3. PbO et Pb(CH3COO)2 · · 2 PbO qui ont été identifiés par analyse de poudres aux rayons X. Ces acétates basiques se sont formés, par décomposition isotherme, respectivement à 240 et à 305°. Parmi les produits de décomposition volatils décelés par GC et MS et dosés par des méthodes quantitatives, CO3 et l'acétone sont les composants principaux. On montre les différents modes de formation des autres produits, comme CH3COOH, (CH3CO)3O, l'acétylacétone et le cétène formé transitoirement.

Pb(CH3COO)2. 32O 450°. . PbO , , . , Pb(CH3COO)2, Pb(CH3COO)2. PbO Pb(CH3COO)2. 2PbO, . , , 240 305°. , -, CO2 . , CH3COOH, (CH3CO)2O, .


Dem Fonds der Chemischen Industrie danken wir für finanzielle Unterstützung.  相似文献   

7.
Thermal Decomposition of Pentacarbonyl Iron in Faujasite-Type Zeolites The nature of the iron species resulting from the title reaction has been elucidated by thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectrometry, and by normal analytical methods. The thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5 adsorbed in Y-type zeolite yields pure α-Fe. In X-type zeolite Fe(CO)5 is converted into a highly dispersed form of iron, into iron-subcarbonyl, and into high-spin FeII, occupying different sites of the lattice. Dealuminized zeolites adsorb Fe(CO)5 reversibly. The estimated size of the iron(III) oxide particles formed by air oxidation is in accordance with the assumption that Fe(CO)5 decomposes in Y-type zeolite with iron migrating to the surface of the zeolite crystals, whereas in X-type zeolite the iron remains inside the zeolite cavities.  相似文献   

8.
9.
Di(tert-butyl)diazomethane: Thermal Decomposition and One-Electron Redox Reactions. Di(tert-butyl)diazomethane is a potential precursor for the still unknown, presumably sterically overcrowded tetrakis(tert-butyl)ethane and, therefore, re-investigated. Its (Hel) photoelectron spectrum exhibits a low first vertical ionization energy of only 7.45 eV. Based on the ionization pattern, both the thermal decomposition above 600 K under nearly unimolecular conditions as well as the N2 elimination at the surface of contacts, [Nix/C], [Rh4(CO)12/SiO2], [Rhx/SiO2], and [Ag2CO3] are analyzed in a flow-system. Heterogeneously catalyzed, N2 is split off already at room temperature, but in contrast to results for sterically less shielded diazo compounds, no dimer is formed, and only mixtures of known di(tert-butyl)carbene-isomerization products are isolated. Cyclic voltammetry at 233 K using a glassy carbon electrode proves a reversible oxidation followed by N2 elimination at higher temperatures and an irreversible reduction. On chemical oxidation, however, no paramagnetic species can be detected, whereas chemical reduction at a potassium metal mirror in a THF solution containing (2.2.2)cryptand, yields the radical anion characterized by ESR spectroscopy. Without a cation-chelating ligand, the radical anion of a hitherto unknown dimer, ((CH3)3C)2C?N? N?N? N?C(C(CH3)3) 2' ?, is generated, which dissociates at higher temperature, forming ((CH3)3C)2?N2' ?. This one-electron reduction product of di(tert-butyl)diazomethane can also be detected after quickly warming up a solution containing presumably the radical anion of the triphenylphosphane adduct ((CH3)3C)2C?N? N? PPh3' ?. In one of these reduction reactions, a N2 elimination is observed.  相似文献   

10.
Zusammenfassung Silberionen wirken katalytisch auf die Zersetzung des Hexacyanoferrates(II); in Gegenwart von 2,2-Dipyridyl entsteht als Reaktionsprodukt ein intensiv gefärbter Eisen(II)-Dipyridylkomplex. Bei erhöhter Temperatur und in schwach saurem Medium ist die Wirkung des Silbers sehr stark.Dieser katalytische Effekt wurde für die photometrische Silber-bestimmung verwendet. Der Einfluß der Versuchsbedingungen wurde photometrisch verfolgt und daraus die optimalen Bedingungen abgeleitet. Die Methode ist sehr empfindlich und ermöglicht die Bestimmung von Submikrogrammengen Silber. Die Extinktion wurde mit grünem Filter (oder spektralphotometrisch bei 522 nm) gemessen. Die Eichkurve ist schwach gekrümmt und umfaßt das Konzentrationsbereich von 2 · 10–7 bis 2· 10–6 M AgNO3/l. Bei Einhaltung der genauen Arbeitsbedingungen sind die Resultate innerhalb der Fehlergrenzen photometrischer Bestimmungen reproduzierbar.
Summary Silver ions have a catalytic action on the decomposition of hexacyano-ferrate(II); in the presence of 2,2-dipyridyl, the reaction product is an intensively colored iron(II)-dipyridyl complex. The action of the silver is very marked at elevated temperatures and in a weakly acid medium.This catalytic effect was employed, for the photometric determination of silver. The influence of the experimental conditions was followed photometrically and the optimal conditions were derived from these findings. The method is very sensitive and permits the determination of submicrogram amounts of silver. The extinction was measured with a green filter (or spectrophotometrically at 522 nm). The calibration curve is slightly bent and includes the concentration range from 2 · 10–7 to 2 · 10–6 M AgNO3 per liter. If the working conditions are strictly maintained, the results are reproducible within the limits of error of photometric determinations.

Résumé Les ions argent ont une action catalytique sur la décomposition du ferrocyanure; en présence du dipyridyle-2,2, il se forme, comme produit de réaction, un complexe dipyridyle-fer-II, intensément coloré. A température plus élevée et en milieu faiblement acide, l'action de l'argent est très forte.On a appliqué cet effet catalytique au dosage photométrique de l'argent. On a suivi, par photométrie, l'influence des conditions expérimentales et l'on a déduit de ces données les conditions optimales. La méthode est très sensible et permet le,dosage de quantités d'argent submicro. On a mesuré l'extinction avec un filtre vert (ou spectrophotométriquement à 522 nm). La courbe d'étalonnage présente une faible courbure et englobe le domaine de concentration de 2 · 10–7 à 2 · 10–6 M AgNO3/l. Si l'on observe les conditions précises du mode opératoire, les résultats sont reproductibles dans les limites d'erreurs des dosages photométriques.


II. Croat. Chem. Acta; im Druck.  相似文献   

11.
Zusammenfassung Die Zersetzung der Palladium-tetrammin-Form von Mordenit in inerter und oxdlativer Atmosphäre wird mittels TG, DTA und automatischer Titration des freigesetzten Ammoniaks untersucht. In N2-Atmosphäre erfolgt bei 590 K eine Redoxreaktion under Bildung von Pd und NH4-Mordenit als feste Reaktionsprodukte. Bei höheren Temperaturen erfolgt dann die bekannte Deammonisierung und Dehydroxylierung des NH4-Mordenits.In O2-Atmosphäre entstehenzum Teil über wasser- bzw. hydroxylgruppenhaltige Intermediäre—PdO und H-Mordenit als feste Reaktionsprodukte, die unter H2O-Bildung zu Pd-Mordenit weiterreagieren. Beim Gitterzusammenbruch (1130–1210 K) entsteht metallisches Pd und eine äquivalente Menge an Sauerstoff.
The decomposition of [Pd(NH3)]4-mordenite in inert and oxidizing atmospheres was studied by TG/DTA and titration of the evolved ammonia. In nitrogen, a redox reaction proceeds at 600 K, resulting in Pd- and NH4-mordenite as solid reaction products. At higher temperatures, the usual deammonization and dehydroxylation of NH4-mordenite take place. In oxygen, PdO and H-mordenite are formed as solid reaction products, partly via intermediates containing hydroxyl groups and water. PdO is involved in the dehydroxylation of H-mordenite at higher temperatures, which results in the formation of the Pd-form and water. Lattice collapse at 1130–1210 K involves the formation of metallic Pd and the evolution of an equivalent amount of oxygen.

, [d(N3)]4- . - 600 -. . , , . - - . 1130–1210 .
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12.
The simultaneous dehydration and decomposition of zinc and cadmium fiuorosilicates leads to the release of gaseous H2O and SiF4, which form amorphous SiO2. The difference of the weight loss measured by thermogravimetry from the calculated value can be accounted for on the basis of the reaction mechanism given. The reaction of H2O with SiF4 affects the thermal dehydration and decomposition of the fluorosilicates studied, and complicated energy effects also occur.  相似文献   

13.
Thermal Decomposition and Solution Calorimetry of Ammonium Samarium Bromides The ternary pure phases on the line SmBr3—NH4Br in the thermodynamically equilibrium have been synthesized by solid state reactions and characterized by X‐ray powderdiffraction. The existence of a new phase (NH4)3SmBr6 was demonstrated beside the known phases (NH4)2SmBr5 and NH4Sm2Br7. The decomposition equilibria of the ammonium samarium bromides have been investigated by total pressure measurements and the thermodynamical data of the solid phase complexes derived from the decompostion functions. The standard enthalpies of solution in 4n HBr (aq.) of the ternary phases, SmBr3 and Sm2O3, were measured and on the basis of these values and known data the standard enthalpies of ammonium samarium bromides were derived. The phase diagram is constructed on the basis of DTA measurements. Data from total pressure measurements: ΔH((NH4)3SmBr6, f, 298) = —400, 0 ± 6, 5 kcal/mol S°((NH4)3SmBr6, f, 298) = 146, 9 ± 8 cal/K · mol ΔH((NH4)2SmBr5, f, 298) = —340, 6 ± 5, 0 kcal/mol S°((NH4)2SmBr5, f, 298) = 106, 0 ± 6 cal/K · mol Δ(NH4Sm2Br7, f, 298) = —479, 4 ± 6, 0 kcal/mol S°(NH4Sm2Br7, f, 298) = 119, 5 ± 7 cal/K · mol Data from solution calorimetry: ΔH(SmBr3, f, 298) = —204, 4 ± 1, 8 kcal/mol ΔH((NH4)3SmBr6, f, 298) = —400, 7 ± 3, 2 kcal/mol ΔH((NH4)2SmBr5, f, 298) = —339, 6 ± 2, 6 kcal/mol ΔH(NH4Sm2Br7, f, 298) = —475, 6 ± 4, 4 kcal/mol  相似文献   

14.
Studies on Salt Hydrates. IV. Thermal Decomposition of Lithiumhalide Hydrates The thermal decomposition of LiX · nH2O and LiX · nD2O (X = Cl, Br, I; n = 1, 2, 3) is investigated on a thermobalance. There are differences in the stages of degradation depending on the starting hydrates and the anion radius. The thermal stability decreases with increasing quantity of water. Deuterates are of higher stability as hydrates.  相似文献   

15.
Zusammenfassung Der thermische Zersetzungsprozeß von Eisen(III)akrylat und Eisen(II)polyakrylat wurde mittels analytischer, magnetischer und Röntgenverfahren untersucht. Erfolgt die Zersetzung ohne Luft, so treten ferromagnetische Eigenschaften bei Eisen(III)akrylat bei 224° auf, während bei Zersetzungsprodukten des Eisen(III)-polyakrylats Spuren der ferromagnetischen Phase nur bei Temperaturen >240° nachgewiesen werden können. Ein plötzlicher Anstieg der Magnetisierung tritt im Falle von Eisen(III)akrylat im Temperaturbereich von 300 bis 350° und beim Eisen(III)-polyakrylat zwischen 300 und 440° auf. Aufgrund der Röntgenuntersuchung ist Magnetit für die ferromagnetischen Eigenschaften verantwortlich. Bei Temperaturen über 500° ist Magnetit mit -Fe kontaminiert. Dieselbe Verunreinigung tritt auch bei Eisen(III)-polyakrylatprodukten auf, doch ist hierfür eine Zersetzungstemperatur >600° erforderlich.
The processes of thermal decomposition of iron(III) acrylate and iron(III) polyacrylate have been studied by analytical, magnetic and X-ray methods. For thermal decomposition in the absence of air, ferromagnetic properties are observed at 224° in the case of iron(III) acrylate, whereas in the decomposition products of iron(III) polyacrylate traces of a ferromagnetic phase can be detected only at temperatures >240°. An abrupt rise of magnetization occurs at 300–340° for iron(III) acrylate and at 300–440° for iron(III) polyacrylate. According to X-ray investigations the phase responsible for the ferromagnetic properties is magnetite. At >500° the magnetite is contaminated with -Fe. The same contamination occurs in the iron(III) polyacrylate products, but the decomposition temperature required must be >600°.

Résumé On a étudié la décomposition thermique de l'acrylate de fer(III) et du polyacrylate de fer(III) par des méthodes analytiques, par mesures magnétiques et par diffraction des rayons X. En l'absence d'air, on observe des propriétés ferromagnétiques à 224° dans le cas de l'acrylate de fer(III) tandis que des traces de la phase ferromagnétique ne peuvent être observées qu'au-dessus de 240° dans le cas du polyacrylate de fer(III). Une brusque augmentation de la magnétisation se produit entre 300 et 340° avec l'acrylate de fer(III) et entre 300 et 440° avec le polyacrylate de fer(III). L'examen aux rayons X montre que la phase responsable des propriétés ferromagnétiques est la magnétite. Aux températures supérieures à 500°, la magnétite est contaminée par le fer-. La présence de fer- est également observée dans le cas du polyacrylate de fer(III) mais la température de décomposition nécessaire est alors supérieure à 600°.

, - (III). , , 224°, , 240°. 300–340° 300–440°, , - . , , , . 500° -Fe. , , > 600°.
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16.
The thermal decompositions of CuInSe2, LiInSe2 and LiInTe2 in vacuum at high temperatures were studied by using TG/DTG coupled with mass spectrometry. For CuInSe2, two steps were found to be significant. Up to 1000 °C Se2 and In2Se evaporate, followed later by Cu2Se. The Li-containing compounds show similar behaviour. However, Li+ was already detected during the first step. Obviously, Li2Se dissociates more readily than Cu2Se. No Cu+ species were detected up to the complete evaporation of CuInSe2.  相似文献   

17.
Thermal Decomposition of Afwillite Ca3(SiO3OH)2 · 2 H2O Using the molybdate method [1], infrared, Raman, and high resolution solid state 1H and 29Si NMR spectroscopy two intermediate phases can be identified in the process of dehydration of afwillite: At temperatures of 250 to 300°C a non-crystalline phase is formed mainly (about 80 to 90% referred to Si) with a structure similar to mineral killalaite Ca3OH(Si2O6OH) [2] and phase F [3]. Between 300 and 500°C this compound is converted to a non-crystalline kilchoanite-like phase γ-Ca2SiO4 · Ca4Si3O10 [4], consisting of ordered γ-Ca2SiO4 and disordered trisilicate layers. By a side reaction polysilicate (about 10 to 20% referred to Si) is formed.  相似文献   

18.
19.
20.
Isomers of Trinitrotriamminecobalt (III) [Co(H2O)3(NH3)3]3+ reacts with No2? primary to give the trinitrito complex fac-[Co(ONO)3(NH3)3]. Spontaneous isomerization leads to the mixed nitrito-nitro complexes fac-[Co(ONO)2No2(NH3)3] and fac-[CoONO(No2)2(NH3)3]. From warm aqueous solutions of the latter compounds, fac-[Co(No2)3(NH3)3] is formed. The structure of the compounds has been proved chemically and spectroscopically. A good method to prepare the well known complex mer-[Co(No2)3(NH3)3] is given.  相似文献   

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