固定化生细胞生物催化的若干动态性质

通过啤酒发酵实验研究了以海藻酸盐为载体的固定化生长细胞生物催化作用的若干动态特性，在分批料的填充柱循环反应器中，产物抑制型的啤酒发酵，其Ｓ－ｔ，Ｐ－ｔ曲线与批式酵罐的Ｘｔ／Ｘｓｔ－Ｋｔ理论曲线相似，Ａ（λ＝５２０ｎｍ）的变化可作为简便的检测方法发酵周期的缩短呈现τｎ＝ψ＾ｎ－１（τ１－Ｃ）关系，式中ｎ＝２－４，这对生产上前期的成功应用是有力的支持，但在ｎ≥５时出现载体的崩和起泡现象，固相催化剂不能     

二［氧合—二（4—二茂铁基苯甲酸二烷基锡（Ⅳ））］配合物？…

合成了｛［（ｎ－Ｂｕ）２Ｓｎ（４－Ｆｃ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＣＯＯ）］２Ｏ｝２（１）和｛［ｎ－Ｏｃｔ）２Ｓｎ（４－Ｆｃ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＣＯＯ）］２Ｏ｝２（２）（Ｆｃ＝ｆｅｒｒｏｅｎｙｌ两组新的配合物,对其进行了元素分析,并用ＩＲ,ＮＭＲ（＾１Ｈ,＾１３Ｃ,＾１１９Ｓｎ）进行了谱学表征,单晶Ｘ射线衍射法测定表明,配合物１的晶体属单斜晶系,Ｐ２１／ｃ空间群,晶胞参数ａ＝１．２９８８（１）ｎｍ,ｂ＝２．６５５（１）ｎｍ,     

13，15－苯并－1，4，8，11－四硫杂环十六烷及其钯（Ⅱ）络合物的合成和结构测定

报导了硫冠醚１３，１５－苯并－１，４，８，１１－四硫杂环十六烷（ＴＴｍＸ）及其钯（Ⅱ）络合物（ＴＴｍＸ·２ＰｄＣ＿ｌ２）的合成，并通过Ｘ射线衍射分析测定了该配体及其络合物的晶体结构。ＴＴｍＸ属单斜晶系，Ｐ＿２＿１／ｎ空间群，晶胞参数：ａ＝９．５４５（３），ｂ＝９．０６５（１），ｃ＝１９．６４５（３）Ａ，β＝９５．３８（１）°，Ｖ＝１６９２．３（５）Ａ￣３，Ｚ＝４，μ＝５．２６ｃｍ￣（－１），Ｄｃ＝１．３０ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３）。ＴＴｍＸ·２ＰｄＣｌ＿２属正文晶系，Ｐｂｃａ空间群，晶胞参数：ａ＝１１．３９２（２），ｂ＝１４．５８０（４），ｃ＝２７．１４６（９）Ａ，β＝９０．００（０）°，Ｖ＝４５０９（２）Ａ￣３，Ｚ＝８，μ＝２４．１２ｃｍ￣（－１），Ｄｃ＝２．０２ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３）。     

钙钛矿型（La0.8M0.2）MnO2和（La0.2Sr0.2）（Mn1—xFex）O3的XRD和IR光谱 …

合成了（Ｌａ０．８Ｍ０．２）ＭｎＯ３和（Ｌａ０．８ｓＲ０．２）（ｍＮ１－ｘＦｅｘ）（Ｏ３（Ｘ＝０．１，０．２，０．３，０．４，０．５）两类氧化物，经ＸＲＤ确认为钙钛矿型氧化物，应用ＦＴ－ＩＲ对其进行研究，对主要的红外特征振动υ（Ｍｎ－Ｏ）和δ（Ｏ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ）进行了分析表征。     

双（1,2—丙二胺）合铜的TCNQ盐的合成与光谱研究

合成了导电性ＴＣＮＱ盐Ｃｕ（ｐｎ）２（ＴＣＮＱ）ｎ（ｎ＝２和３，ｐｎ＝１，２－丙二胺，ＴＣＮＱ＝７，７，８，８－四氰基对苯二醌二甲烷）。红外光谱、电子光谱和Ｘ－光电子能谱研究表明ＴＣＮＱ盐中存在ＴＣＮＱ°和ＴＣＮＱ－，ＴＣＮＱ°与ＴＣＮＱ－之间发生了部分电子转移，致使铜呈混合价态。它们的粉末室温电导率为１．１×１０－５～２．４×１０－６ｏｈｍ－１ｃｍ－１。     

流动注射分析（FIA）—乙醇生物电极法快速测定发酵样品中的乙醇含量

报道了用流动注射分析（ＦＩＡ）－乙醇生物电极法快速测定发酵样品中的乙醇含量，探讨了发酵样品中物质对测定的干扰情况，并对该法的可靠性和重现性进行了研究。用直接比较法测定１７１３×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ乙醇标样，相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）和相对误差（ＲＥ）分别为１３％和０３％（ｎ＝６）。对浓度为４１５０×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ发酵样品的稀释样的测定，其ＲＳＤ为０５％（ｎ＝６），加标回收率为９１７％～１０３４％。根据对啤酒成品样、啤酒发酵样和酒精发酵成熟醪中的乙醇所进行的为期７天的现场对照测定结果，表明该法选择性好、快速、较准确、可满足工厂对乙醇监测的需要，便于实现操作的连续化和自动化。     

三环己基锡O，O＇－二（4－氯苯基）二硫代磷酸酯和二丁基锡双［O，O＇－二（4－甲基苯基）二硫代磷酸酯］的分子和晶体结构

三环己基锡Ｏ，Ｏ＇－二（４－氯苯基）二硫代磷酸酯（Ⅰ），Ｃ＿（３０）Ｈ＿（４１）Ｃｌ＿２Ｏ＿２ＰＳ＿２Ｓｎ，Ｍ＿ｒ＝７１８．３６，单斜晶系，Ｐ２＿１／ｎ，ａ＝１６．１５１（２），ｂ＝９．４１５（１），ｃ＝２２．９８７（３），β＝１０５．６９（１）°，Ｚ＝４，Ｄｃ＝１．４１８ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），Ｒ＝０．０６３；二丁基锡双［Ｏ，Ｏ＇－二（４－甲基苯基）二硫代磷酸酯］（Ⅱ），Ｃ＿（３６）Ｈ＿（４６）Ｏ＿４Ｐ＿２Ｓ＿４Ｓｎ，Ｍ＿ｒ＝８５１．６６，单斜晶系，Ｐ２＿１／ｃ，ａ＝１２．２８４（４），ｂ＝９．８０７（１），ｃ＝３４．４７１（８），β＝９９．０２（２）°，Ｚ＝４，Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．３７９ｇ·ｃｍ（－３），Ｒ＝０．０４２。化合物Ⅰ具有单分子的四配位变形四面体结构。其Ｓｎ－Ｓ（１）键长为２．５０１（２）；而Ｓｎ与Ｓ（２）的原子间距则为３．５９７；化合物Ⅱ具有单分子的六配位变形八面体结构，其Ｓｎ－Ｓ（１），Ｓｎ－Ｓ（２），Ｓｎ－Ｓ（３）和Ｓｎ－Ｓ（４）的键长分别为２．４９５（３），２．４９３（２），３．２４４（４）和３．２２８（３）。     

［n－C_nH_（2n＋1）NH_3］_2ZnBr_4层型配合物的拉曼光谱

研究了标题配合物（ｎ＝７～１２，１６）（简记为Ｃ＿（ｎ）ＺｎＸ，Ｘ＝Ｂｒ，Ｃ１）的拉曼光谱。对主要谱带进行了归属，讨论了光谱随烷烃链长和卤索配体的变化．表明卤素配体对Ｒ－ＮＨ阳离子层离子的内振动间接产生影响。Ｃ－Ｈ伸缩、Ｃ－变角、Ｃ一Ｃ伸缩和－ＮＨ＿３摇摆振动以及纵向声子模对此敏感，Ｃ＿（ｎ）ＺｎＢｒ配合物阳离子层的链间相互作用、链扩展程度和氢键强度均比Ｃ＿（ｎ）ＺｎＣｌ配合物的低．阴离子和阳离子层结构具有相关性．     

钴(Ⅲ)—邻菲绕啉混配型配合物的合成及结构研究

在不同条件下合成了［Ｃｏ（ｐｈｅｎ）ｍＸｐ］Ｙ１·ｎＨ２Ｏ型配合物，（ｍ＝１，２；ｐ＝１，２；１＝１－３；ｎ＝０－４；ｐｈｅｎ＝邻菲绕啉；Ｘ＝Ｃｌ－，Ｈ２Ｏ，酒石酸（ｔａｒｔ），甘氨酸（ｇｌｙ），α－皮可林酸（ｐｉｃ）．ＤＬ－两氨酸（ａｌａ），Ｌ－亮氨酸（ｌｅｕ），Ｌ－脯氨酸（ｐｒｏ）；Ｙ＝Ｃｌ－，］并进行了元素分析，热重分析，电子光谱，红外光谱和磁化率测定，计算它们的１０Ｄｑ和Ｂ值．Ｘ－ｒａｙ单晶衍射实验证明：［Ｃｏ（Ｐｈｅｎ）２（Ｈ２Ｏ）２］（ＮＯ３）３·２Ｈ２Ｏ，［Ｃｏ（Ｐｈｅｎ）２（ｇｌｙ）］Ｃｌ２·４Ｈ２Ｏ均为顺式结构．［Ｃｏ（Ｐｈｅｎ）（ａｌａ）２］Ｃｌ·３Ｈ２Ｏ，［Ｃｏ（Ｐｈｅｎ）（ｐｒｏ）２］ＣｌＯ４·４／３Ｈ２Ｏ均为ｔｒａｎｓ（Ｎ）结构．在［Ｃｏ（ｐｈｅｎ）２Ｘ２］（ｎ＋）型配合物中，Ｘ反位的键长均长于顺位键长，其反位效应的顺序为：Ｃｌ－＞羧基，ＮＨ２＞Ｈ２Ｏ。     

催化动力学垂直光路光度法测定痕量铜

建立了痕量铜的催化动力学垂直光路光度测定法，铜含量在０～３．０ｎｇ／２５０μｌ范围内符合比耳定律，工作曲线的回归方程为：△Ａ＝０．５３４Ｃ（ｃｕ＾２＋，ｎｇ），＋０．０１８（ｒ＝０．９９９９），检出限为１．５×１０＾－１１ｇ．ｍｌ＾－１（△Ａ＝０．０２，ｔ＝２ｍｉｎ）由曲线斜率法求得的表观摩尔吸光系数为１．２×１０＾７，方法用于氮三乙酸及标准水样中铜的测定，加标回收率在９２％～９８％，相对标准偏差     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.