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有机高价碘在钯(Ⅱ)/铜(Ⅰ)共催化作用下与炔丙醇发生交叉偶联反应生成3-取代炔丙醇。该反应不仅条件温和,产率很高,而且具有良好的区域选择性。所得产物均经熔点,IR及^1H NMR验证。 相似文献
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1,3-共轭烯炔不仅是有机合成的重要中间体, 许多天然产物和具有生理活性的化合物的核心骨架都含有共轭烯炔单元, 在已有的共轭烯炔的合成方法中钯铜共催化的烯基卤与端炔的Sonogashira 偶联反应占据了统治地位. 炔卤化合物是一种独特有趣的有机分子, 它既能参与类似于端炔的偶联反应, 又具有卤苯的过渡金属氧化加成的性能, 这些特点使炔卤在构建复杂有机分子中起着重要的作用. 我们以Pd(OAc)2为催化剂, K2CO3为碱, 在DMF溶剂中实现了末端烯和炔基溴的交叉偶联反应高区域和立体选择性地合成1,3-共轭烯炔, 考察了催化剂的种类、碱的种类和温度对反应的影响. 研究结果表明: 5 mol% Pd(OAc)2, 2.5 equiv. K2CO3, 在DMF溶剂中, 不需要任何配体和添加剂, 炔基溴与苯乙烯衍生物于80 ℃, 与贫电子烯烃于室温反应2 h可以高产率得到所需产物, 所有化合物的结构用IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, 高分辨质谱等方法进行了表征, 该偶联反应合成途径简捷、反应条件温和, 可为共轭烯炔化合物合成提供简便的途径. 相似文献
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报道了钯催化下炔丙醇与叔丁基异腈反应高选择性合成吡咯并呋喃衍生物和氨基甲酸酯的新方法.在10%(摩尔分数)Pd(OAc)2与110%(摩尔分数)LiBr存在下,一分子炔丙醇与三分子叔丁基异腈在水的参与下发生“有序的”异腈三重插入反应,以56%~73%的产率高选择性地生成了吡咯并呋喃衍生物;而在10%(摩尔分数)Pd(PPh3)4和110%(摩尔分数)K3PO4存在下,一分子炔丙醇与一分子叔丁基异腈在空气中氧气的参与下发生简单氧化偶联反应,以51%~74%的产率生成了氨基甲酸酯.该方法仅通过简单改变钯催化剂与盐的种类就能得到不同产物,且反应选择性高,分别为吡咯并呋喃亚胺衍生物和氨基甲酸酯提供了有吸引力的合成途径. 相似文献
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因环钯化合物具有结构简单、性能稳定、反应活性高等优点,常被作为催化剂使用。总结了环钯化合物的合成方法及其在Suzuki偶联反应中的应用。 相似文献
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A variety of terminal arylacetylenes have been conveniently synthesized in good to high yields via Sonogashira coupling of aryl iodides with (trimethylsilyl)acetylene catalyzed by MCM-41-supported mercapto palladium(0) complex, followed by desilylation under mild conditions. This polymeric palladium catalyst can be reused many times without any decrease in activity. 相似文献
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Yu-Cheng Chang 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2006,691(23):4982-4989
A three-component coupling reaction of organic halides, including aryl halides, methyl iodine, alkenyl iodine and bromoalkynes, with norbornadiene and terminal alkynes catalyzed by a palladium complex and a phase transfer agent in the presence of aqueous NaOH gave 5,6-disubstituted norbornene derivatives in good yields. 相似文献
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Jian Cao Ling Chen Feng‐Na Sun Yu‐Li Sun Ke‐Zhi Jiang Ke‐Fang Yang Zheng Xu Li‐Wen Xu 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(3):907-911
A palladium‐catalyzed enantioselective sequential ring‐opening/cross‐coupling of cyclobutanones is disclosed that provides chiral indanones bearing C3‐quaternary stereocenters. The reaction process involves palladium‐catalyzed nucleophilic addition of cyclobutanones and aryl halides, enantioselective β‐carbon elimination, and intermolecular trapping of a transient σ‐alkylpalladium complex with boronic acids. Alternatively, an intramolecular cyclopropanation is realized through C?H bond functionalization in the absence of external coupling reagents, affording chiral cyclopropane‐fused‐indanones in good yields and enantioselectivity. 相似文献
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Seema Yadav Ajeet Singh Isha Mishra Sriparna Ray Shaikh M. Mobin Chandrakanta Dash 《应用有机金属化学》2019,33(7)
Well‐defined and air‐stable PEPPSI (Pyridine Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation) themed palladium bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes have been developed for the domino Sonogashira coupling/cyclization reaction of 2‐iodophenol with a variety of terminal alkynes and C‐H bond arylation of benzothiazole with aryl iodides. The PEPPSI themed palladium complexes, 2a and 2b were synthesized in good yields from the reaction of corresponding imidazolium salts with PdCl2 and K2CO3 in pyridine. The new air‐stable palladium‐NHC complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, elemental analysis, and mass spectroscopy studies. The PEPPSI themed palladium(II) bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes 2a and 2b exhibited excellent catalytic activities for domino Sonogashira coupling/cyclization reaction of 2‐iodophenol with terminal alkynes yielding benzofuran derivatives. In addition, the palladium complexes, 2a and 2b successfully catalyzed the direct C‐H bond arylation of benzothiazole with aryl iodides as coupling partners in presence of CuI as co‐catalyst. 相似文献
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Sulfur‐containing molecules such as thioethers are commonly found in chemical biology, organic synthesis, and materials chemistry. While many reliable methods have been developed for preparing these compounds, harsh reaction conditions are usually required in the traditional methods. The transition metals have been applied in this field, and the palladium‐catalyzed coupling of thiols with aryl halides and pseudo halides is one of the most important methods in the synthesis of thioethers. Other metals have also been used for the same purpose. Here, we summarize recent efforts in metal‐catalyzed C? S bond cross‐coupling reactions, focusing especially on the coupling of thiols with aryl‐ and vinyl halides based on different metals. 相似文献
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Pentaphenylferrocenyl di-tert-butylphosphine has been prepared in high yield from a two-step synthetic procedure, and the scope of various cross-coupling processes catalyzed by complexes bearing this ligand has been investigated. This ligand creates a remarkably general palladium catalyst for aryl halide amination and for Suzuki coupling. Turnovers of roughly 1000 were observed for aminations with unactivated aryl bromides or chlorides. In addition, complexes of this ligand catalyzed the formation of selected aryl ethers under mild conditions. The reactions encompassed electron-rich and electron-poor aryl bromides and chlorides. In the presence of catalysts containing this ligand, these aryl halides coupled with acyclic or cyclic secondary alkyl- and arylamines, with primary alkyl- and arylamines, and with aryl- and primary alkylboronic acids. These last couplings provide the first general procedure for reaction of terminal alkylboronic acids with aryl halides without toxic or expensive bases. The ligand not only generates highly active palladium catalysts, but it is air stable in solution and in the solid state. Palladium(0) complexes of this ligand are also air stable as a solid and react only slowly with oxygen in solution. 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,129(41):12897-12900
A nickel‐catalyzed asymmetric reductive Heck reaction of aryl chlorides has been developed that affords substituted indolines with high enantioselectivity. Manganese powder is used as the terminal reductant with water as a proton source. Mechanistically, it is distinct from the palladium‐catalyzed process in that the nickel–carbon bond is converted into a C−H bond to release the product through protonation instead of hydride donation followed by C−H reductive elimination on Pd. 相似文献
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Omer Tahir Gunkara 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(9):909-916
AbstractThe regioselective synthesis of Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based norbornyl imide derivatives through palladium catalyzed Heck coupling reaction was reported on an effective synthetic method to organic–inorganic bio-hybrids serving as advanced materials. The reaction of POSS-based imide derivatives with various aryl iodides catalyzed by palladium acetate in the presence of triethyl amine, as the base, in DMF afforded the products in moderate yields. All new POSS derivatives were structurally characterized by FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, HRMS and GC/MS analyses. 相似文献
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Dr. Zhengwang Chen Dr. Huiying Zeng Simon A. Girard Dr. Feng Wang Dr. Ning Chen Prof. Dr. Chao‐Jun Li 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(48):14487-14491
The transition‐metal‐catalyzed amination of aryl halides has been the most powerful method for the formation of aryl amines over the past decades. Phenols are regarded as ideal alternatives to aryl halides as coupling partners in cross‐couplings. An efficient palladium‐catalyzed formal cross‐coupling of phenols with various amines and anilines has now been developed. A variety of substituted phenols were compatible with the standard reaction conditions. Secondary and tertiary aryl amines could thus be synthesized in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
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A Versatile Synthesis of β‐Lactam‐Fused Oxacycles through the Palladium‐Catalyzed Chemo‐, Regio‐, and Diastereoselective Cyclization of Allenic Diols
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Prof. Dr. Benito Alcaide Dr. Pedro Almendros Dr. Rocío Carrascosa Dr. Luis Casarrubios Dr. Elena Soriano 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(5):2200-2213
Chemo‐, regio‐ and stereocontrolled palladium‐catalyzed preparations of enantiopure morpholines, oxocines, and dioxonines have been developed starting from 2‐azetidinone‐tethered γ,δ‐, δ,ε‐, and ε,ζ‐allendiols. The palladium‐catalyzed cyclizative coupling reaction of γ,δ‐allendiols 2 with allyl bromide or lithium bromide was effective as 8‐endo cyclization by attack of the primary hydroxy group to the terminal allene carbon to afford enantiopure functionalized oxocines; whereas the palladium‐catalyzed cyclizative coupling reaction of 2‐azetidinone‐tethered ε,ζ‐allendiols 4 furnished dioxonines 16 through a totally chemo‐ and regioselective 9‐endo oxycyclization. By contrast, the palladium‐catalyzed cyclizative coupling reaction of 2‐azetidinone‐tethered δ,ε‐allendiols 3 with aryl and alkenyl halides exclusively generated six‐membered‐ring compounds 14 a and 15 a . These results could be explained through a 6‐exo cyclization by chemo‐ and regiospecific attack of the secondary hydroxy group to the internal allene carbon. Chemo‐ and regiocontrol issues are mainly influenced by the length of the tether rather than by the nature of the metal catalysts and substituents. This reactivity can be rationalized by means of density functional theory calculations. 相似文献