共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
环境样品中四环素类抗生素的检测技术* 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
抗生素的大量生产及滥用所造成的环境污染近年来引起国内外极大关注,其中环境样品中痕量抗生素的检测一直是分析工作者致力解决的问题 ,而国内的相关报道较少。四环素类抗生素是临床上重要的一类抗感染药物,在畜牧业及水产养殖业中广泛应用,对环境造成潜在威胁。本文总结了四环素类抗生素的基本性质,介绍了被该类抗生素污染环境样品(如土壤、水样)的采集和储存及样品前处理技术,综述了环境样品中该类抗生素检测技术的研究进展,并探讨了这一领域存在的问题及可能的发展方向。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
《Analytical letters》2012,45(21-22):2103-2119
Abstract A number of gravimetric methods were evaluated for the determination of dissolved matter in solvent extracts of combustion samples. The methods described included thermogravimetric analysis, weighing after evaporation under nitrogen, and a microscale evaporation method developed in this study. A well characterized combustion sample, known to consist primarily of alkylated bicyclic and tricyclic aromatic compounds, served as a reference material. Results for the three methods are presented and compared. Although the thermogravimetric analyzer was found to be accurate and versatile, a good compromise between cost, time and accuracy was provided by the microscale evaporation method. 相似文献
6.
超临界流体萃取环境模拟样品中多环芳烃的收集方法研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
详细系统地研究了收集溶剂的种类、用量及无溶剂固体表面冷冻捕集等方法对离线收集超临界流体萃取多环芳烃组分效率的影响。研究发现,二氯甲烷和丙酮的收集效率较高,其回收率为61.44%~105.40%,其它有机溶剂效果较差。而且,当收集溶剂的液面高度大于2.0cm时,溶剂的用量对收集效率没有明显的影响。玻璃珠固体表面冷冻捕集效果较好,其回收率在60.98%~109.88%之间,但其精密度较差,相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.28%~11.29%之间。 相似文献
7.
The determination of 241Am in the environment is of importance in monitoring its release and assessing its environmental impact and radiological risk. This paper aims to give an overview about the recent developments and the state-of-art analytical methods for 241Am determination in environmental samples. Thorough discussions are given in this paper covering a wide range of aspects, including sample pre-treatment and pre-concentration methods, chemical separation techniques, source preparation, radiometric and mass spectrometric measurement techniques, speciation analyses, and tracer applications. The paper focuses on some hyphenated separation methods based on different chromatographic resins, which have been developed to achieve high analytical efficiency and sample throughput for the determination of 241Am. The performances of different radiometric and mass spectrometric measurement techniques for 241Am are evaluated and compared. Tracer applications of 241Am in the environment, including speciation analyses of 241Am, and applications in nuclear forensics are also discussed. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
土壤中多种微量元素的分析方法应用研究与环境及地球化学土壤标样定值的评述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
土壤中微痕量元素的分析具有重要意义。与此相关的分析方法研究及方法的可行性、适用性是前提。我们利用开展化探扫面分析中所使用的行之有效的和较成熟的方法,对地矿部颁发的8个国家级地球化学土壤标准参考样(GSS1-8)和受中国环境监测总站委托定值的4个国家级环境土壤标样(ESS1-4)进行了分析定值,经分析数据的对比证明,文中简述的分析方法准确可靠,有使用推广价值。 相似文献
11.
12.
A fully automated on-line HPLC-HRGC instrument is described. Samples are loaded into an HPLC autosampler. Pre-separation is carried out, automatically transferring the previously determined HPLC fraction to GC. Total HPLC fractions are introduced into GC, using the on-column or the loop-type interface, depending on the solvent evaporation technique applied. The HPLC column is automatically backflushed with a suitable solvent during GC analysis. The instrument was used for analyzing heroin metabolites, particularly morphine, in urine samples. Raw urine extracts were injected into HPLC and analyzed by GC using FID. 相似文献
13.
Determination of Selenium Species in Environmental Samples 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Krystyna Pyrzyńska 《Mikrochimica acta》2002,140(1-2):55-62
The essential nature of selenium as well as its toxicity depend on the concentration and the chemical forms in which this
element is present in a given sample. Dissolved inorganic selenium can be found in natural water and soil as selenides, selenite
and selenate. Organoselenium compounds present in air, soil and plants are volatile methylselenides, trimethylselenonium ion
and several selenoamino acids. This review is a summary of recent research on the determination of selenium species in environmental
samples such as water, air, soil and plants. Stability of selenium species in solutions and their storage is also discussed.
In the metabolic pathway in the body selenide could act as the common intermediate for inorganic and organic Se sources as
well as the checkpoint between further utilisation and excretion of selenium.
Received May 30, 2001; accepted October 19, 2001; published online July 15, 2002 相似文献
14.
Johanna Steen Margareta RamströmSophia Hober Jenny Ottosson 《Journal of chromatography. A》2009,1216(20):4457-4464
A completely automated procedure for the purification and desalting of proteins with a polyhistidine purification tag prior to mass spectrometry analysis is presented. The system is ideal for rapid quality control and optimization studies and it provides researchers with a straightforward, reliable tool for studies of recombinant proteins. Forty-eight samples can be prepared within 4.5 h and only small cultivation and buffer volumes are needed. In this proof of concept, 19,000–35,000 Da recombinant proteins from both crude and clarified cell lysates were successfully prepared for subsequent analysis by electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry as well as by gel electrophoresis. 相似文献
15.
Artificial long-lived radionuclides such as 90Sr and 239,240Pu have been long released into the environment by human nuclear activities, which have a profound impact on the ecological environment. It is of great significance to monitor the concentration of these radionuclides for environmental safety. This paper summarizes and critically discusses the separation and measurement methods for ultra-trace determination of 90Sr, 239Pu, and 240Pu in the environment. After selecting the measurement method, it is necessary to consider the decontamination of the interference from matrix elements and the key elements, and this involves the choice of the separation method. Measurement methods include both radiometric methods and non-radiometric methods. Radiometric methods, including alpha spectroscopy, liquid scintillation spectrometry, etc., are commonly used methods for measuring 239+240Pu and 90Sr. Mass spectrometry, as the representative of non-radiometric measurement methods, has been regarded as the most promising analytical method due to its high absolute sensitivity, low detection limit, and relatively short sample-analysis time. Through the comparison of various measurement methods, the future development trend of radionuclide measurement is prospected in this review. The fully automatic and rapid analysis method is a highlight. The new mass spectrometer with ultra-high sensitivity shows strong analytical capabilities for extremely low concentrations of 90Sr, 239Pu, and 240Pu, and it is expected to develop determination methods with higher sensitivity and lower detection limit. 相似文献
16.
《Analytical letters》2012,45(14):3067-3075
ABSTRACT A new spectrophotometric method has been established to determine trace aniline in water samples. A mixture solution of N-chlorosuccinimide and 8-hydroxyquinaldine in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was used to react with the aniline in water at room temperature (20°C). When the solution was adjusted to pH 10-11 by adding 3 mol/L NaOH, a clear and blue-colored dye formed immediately with the maximum absorption wavelength at 615 nm. Molar absorptivity and detection limit were found to be 1.0×104 L mol?1 cm ?1 and 30 μg/L, respectively. Linearity was excellent in the concentration range of 0.2 to 15 mg/L aniline in water sample. The proposed method has been used to analyze aniline in surface and sewage water samples with the recoveries 96-103% and relative standard deviation less than 3%. It's a promising method to be applied for routine analysis of aniline in water. 相似文献
17.
环境水样中百菌清残留的单滴微萃取-反相液相色谱测定 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
应用单滴微萃取(SDME)-反相液相色谱(RPLC)检测了环境水样中的百菌清残留.优化了单滴微萃取条件:环己烷萃取剂6 μL、单滴体积2 μL、搅拌速率350 r/min、萃取时间40 min、水溶液温度35 ℃、无盐度.水样经单滴微萃取后,使用Hypersil C18柱反相液相色谱分离测定百菌清.反相液相色谱条件:100%甲醇流动相、流速1.0 mL/min、柱温25 ℃、224 nm检测.方法的线性范围、检出限、相对标准偏差和富集倍数分别为1.0 ~50 μg/L、0.02 μg/L、6.1%和427倍.采用该法对环境水样中的百菌清残留进行了测定,环境水样的加标回收率为98% ~106%. 相似文献
18.
环境样品中硝基苯类化合物的分析方法研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
主要介绍了我国近年来在环境样品中硝基苯类化合物的分析研究进展,内容包括:光度法(还原-偶氮光度法、阻抑动力学光度法、化学计量学分光光度法、人工神经网络-分光光度法)、气相色谱法(固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱法、树脂吸附-气相色谱法、液-液微萃取气相色谱法、超声萃取-气相色谱法)、高效液相色谱法(反相高效液相色谱法、固相萃取-高效液相色谱法)和极谱法等分析方法。 相似文献
19.
An alternative and simple flow injection spectrophotometric analysis method for the determination of iodide in environmental
samples is reported. The method is based on the catalytic destruction of the colour of the Fe(III)–SCN−–CP+–nBPy quarternary complex. The complex shows maximum absorption at 495 nm. The apparent molar absorptivity of the complex in terms
of iodide is (6.22) × 105 l mol−1 cm−1. The detection limit of the method is 0.1 ng ml−1 of iodide. The method obeys Beer’s law up to 120 μg l−1 with slope, intercept and correlation coefficient of 0.11, − 0.52 and + 0.99, respectively. Various flow injection analysis
parameters for the determination of iodide in the environmental samples were optimized. The sample throughput of the method
is 60 samples h−1. The method was successfully useful for the determination of trace level of iodide in environmental samples i.e. ground,
surface water.
Received November 12, 2001; accepted April 2, 2002; published online July 22, 2002 相似文献
20.
快速测定植物样品含碘量的新方法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
确定了植物样品测碘时快速,简便地制备分析试液的方法,并用水氧化放大反应比色法测定了分析试液中碘的含量。该法测碘的线性范围是0.02-0.8mg/L,检出限为0.017mg/L;用于植物样品碘含量分析时,RSD≤4.7%,加标回收率为92%-110%。 相似文献