Book Reviews

Glossary On Air Pollution, Who Regional Publications European Series No. 9 (Director, Promotion of Environmental Health, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, DK-2100 Copenhagen θ) 1980, 114 pages (including an introduction, a list of reviewers and a list of the sources of definitions), stiff paper cover, format 239 ± 159 mm, ISBN 92-9020-109-6, WHO Health and Biomedical Information Programme, CH-1211 Geneva 27, SFr. 12.

Spektroskopische Methoden in Der Organischen Chemie (in German), by Manfred Hesse, Herbert Meier and Bernd Zeeh, 478 pages, including 169 figures and 86 tables, flexible paper cover, ISBN 3-13-576101-0, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1979, price DM 26.80.

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Samples, World Health Organisation/International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC Publication No. 29 (Series: Environmental Carcinogens, Selected Methods of Analysis, Volume 3, edited by H. Egan, Laboratory of the Government Chemist, London, U.K. et al.) 1980, 240 pages (including 17 figures, 18 tables, many formulae, an annex with 8 methods of analysis and 29 pages of valuable references in two sections), linen, format 242 ± 186 mm, ISBN 92-8-321129-4, WHO Health and Biomedical Information Programme, CH-1211 Geneva 27, US$30 or SFr. 50.

Toxic Metals and Their Analysis by Eleanor Berman, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A., 304 pages (including an index of 5 pages, 29 tables and 5 figures), linen, format 241 × 163 mm, ISBN 0-85501-468-7, published 1980 by Heyden International Topics in Science, Spectrum House, Hillview Gardens, London NW4 2JQ, U.K., prices £12, US$27 or DM 56.     

Perkin-Elmer introduce new gas chromatograph

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APPLICATIONS OF MASS SPECTROMETRY TO TRACE ANALYSIS. Ed. S. Facchetti, Elsevier, US $78.75, Dfl. 185.00.

QUANTITATIVE AQUATIC BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS. by David J. H. Phillips, Fisheries Research Station Aberdeen, Hong Kong, POLLUTION MONITORING SERIES (1980), 488 pages (including 99 figures, 103 tables, 44 pages of literature references up to 1978, an author index of 10 pages, a species index of 4 pages, and a subject index of 18 pages), linen, format 228 × 148 mm, ISBN 0-85334-884-7, Applied Science Publishers Ltd., London, £26.

DIRECTORY OF POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT COMPANIES IN WESTERN EUROPE, Third Edition (1980), 588 pages (including an index of 127 pages, which is however-structured somewhat arbitrarily according to types of equipment and according to countries), stiff paper cover, format 210 × 147 mm, ISBN 0 906685 00 1, European Directories, a Division of Inter Company Comparisons Ltd., 23, City Road, London EC1Y 1AA, £30.

HALOGENATED BIPHENYLS, TERPHENYLS, NAPHTHALENES, DIBENZODIOXINS AND RELATED PRODUCTS, by R. D. Kimbrough (ed.) (Elsevier Biomedical Press, R.V., Amsterdam, NL. U.S. $95.00, Dfl 195.

CHROMATOGRAPHY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Environmental problem solving using gas and liquid chromatography, R. L. Grob and M. A. Kaiser, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1982, XII + 240 pages, ISBN 0-444-42065-7     

Book Reviews

Ion-Selective Electrodes in Analytical Chemistry, VOL. 2, H. Freiser (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, 1980.

Pesticide Analytical Methodology by John Harvey, Jr. (E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company) and Gunter Zweig (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), ACS Symposium Series 136, 406 pages (including 177 figures, 54 tables and an index of 18 pages), linen, format 235 × 160mm, ISBN 0-8412-0581-7, American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036, 1980, US38.00.

Particulates in Water, Characterization, Fate, Effects, and Removal by Michael C. Kavanaugh (James M. Montgomery, Consulting Engineers, Inc., Pasadena) and James O. Leckie (Stanford University, Stanford) ACS Advances in Chemistry Series 189, 401 pages (including 145 figures, 56 tables and an index of 11 pages), linen, format 235 × 160mm, ISBN 0-8412-0499-3, American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036, 1980, USS59.50.

Pesticide Manufacturing and Toxic Materials Control Encyclopedia Editor, M. Sittig; 810 pages, $96; 1980, Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A. ISBN 0-8155-0814-X. Reviewed by A. de Kok, Section of Environmental Chemistry, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Dictionary of Chemical Terminology (In Five Languages–English, German, French, Polish and Russian. Edited by D. Kryt, Warsaw, Poland). Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam and New York. 1980, 612 pages, Price: US $95.00/Dfl. 195.00 ISSBN 0-444-99788-1.     

A Review of: “Aquatic Chemistry (An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters)”

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2nd Edition, by Prof. Dr. Werner Stumm, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, and Prof. Dr. James J. Morgan, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 780 pages (including 97 tables, 167 figures, an appendix of 8 pages “Thermodynamic Properties of Common Chemical Species in Aquatic Systems”, an author index of 10 pages, and a subject index of 14 pages), stiff paper cover, format 234 ± 161 mm, ISBN 0-471-04831-3, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1981)     

Book Review

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ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL AND WATER CHEMISTRY, by V.P. Evangelou, 564 pages, Wiley Interscience, New York (1998). ISBN 0-471-16515-8. £ 51.95.

ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT PROCESSES, by B.E. Logan, 654 pages, Wiley Interscience, New York (1999). ISBN 0-471-18871-9. £58.50

MERCURY CONTAMINATED SITES. Characterization, risk assessment and remediation, edited by R. Ebinghaus, R.R. Turner, L.D. de Lacerda, O. Vasiliev and W. Salomons, 538 pages, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1999). ISBN 3-540-63731-1. DM 198.00. USD 129.00

ENVIRONMENTAL PHOTOCHEMISTRY, edited by P. Boule, 359 pages, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1999). ISBN 3-540-62913-0. DM 298.00

A BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO MASS SPECTRAL INTERPRETATION, by T. A. Lee, 186 pages, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, (1998). ISBN 0-471-97629-6 USD 19.99

TECHNIQUES IN AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY, edited by Gary K. Ostrander, 686 pages, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. (1996). ISBN 1-56670-149-X, £ 65.00

HANDBOOK OF CHEMOMETRICS AND QUALIMETRICS. Part B, by D.L. Massart, L.M.C. Buydens, S. de Jong, P.J. Lewi and J. Smeyers-Verbeke, 732 pages, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1998). ISBN 0-444-82853-2. USD 201.00     

Book Reviews

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TROUBLESHOOTING IN DER HPLC (Fehlersuche in der HPLC) by N. Vonk, B. G. J. Baars and H. Schaller, Birkhauser Verlag, Therwill (Switzerland), 140 pages, ISBN 3-7643-2400-7, SFr 44.80.

WATER SAMPLING, ed., J. M. Krajca, Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, U.K., 212 pages. £39.95, ISBN 0-853128138.     

Book Reviews

Abstract

Neure Methoden zur Analyse von Tensiden, H. Konig, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York. 25Abb., VII, 239 pages. 1971, DM 58.00. ISBN 3-540-05581-9. Reviewed by T. Rihs, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Apartado 340, Quito, Ecuador.

P. P. FIETZEK und K. KUHN, H. CLEVER, H. KRECH, W. MARKS, F. OEHME: “Automation in Analytical Chemistry” 32 Abb., 103 Seiten, 1972, DM 28, -, U.S. $8.90. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York. ISBN 3-540-05758-7. Begutachtet von S. Wolf, Hoffman-La Roche, Basle, Switzerland.     

Book Reviews

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HANDBOOK FOR ESTIMATING PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, by M. Reinhard and A. Drefal, 228 pages, J. Wiley, New York (1999). ISBN 0—471—172634. UK £ 210.00

THE CHEMISTRY OF POLLUTION, by G. Fellenberg, 192 pp. J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, U.K. (1999). ISBN 0—471—980889. UK£ 24,95.

NATURAL ATTENUATION OF FUELS AND CHLORINATED SOLVENTS IN THE SUBSURFACE, by T.H. Wiedemeier, H.S. Rifai, C.J. Newell and J.T. Wilson, 617 pages, J. Wiley, New York (1999). ISBN 0—471—19749—1. UK £ 58.50

UNDERSTANDING OUR ENVIRONMENT, 3^rd, edition, edited by R.M. Harrison, 445 pages, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (UK) (1999). ISBN 0—85404—584—8. UK£ 19.95

ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, Vol. 12 of Issues in Environmental Science and Technology, edited by R.E. Hester and R.H. Harrison, 152 pages, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (U.K.) (1999). ISBN 0—85404—255—5. UK£ 25,00

METHOD PERFORMANCE STUDIES FOR SPECIATION ANALYSIS. by P. Quevauviller, 271 pages, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (U.K.) (1998). ISBN 0—85404—467—1. UK£ 59.50

GLOBAL AQUATIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, by H.D. Kumar and D.P. Häder, 393 pages, Springer, Berlin (1999). ISBN 3—540—65369—4. USD 229.00

BIOACCUMULATION. New Aspects and Developments, edited by B. Beek, 284 pages, Springer, Heidelberg, 2000. ISBN 3—540—62575. USD 143.00

INTERLABORATORY STUDIES AND CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS. The BCR approach, by Ph. Quevauviller and E.A. Maier, 558 pages, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam NL, (1999). ISBN 0—444—82389—1. USD 251.50 (Euro 224.62).     

Spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry for biochemists

Spectrophotometry and Spectrofluorimetry, A Practical Approach, edited by D.A. Harris and C.L. Bashford, IRL, 1987, £ 15.50 (softbound)/£ 25.00 (hardbound) (xii + 176 pages) ISBN 0-947946-46-2 (softbound)/0-947946-69-1 (hardbound)     

Book Review

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A Guide to Organophosphorus Chemistry, by Louis D. Quin, an internationally recognized authority, published by John Wiley and Sons (http://www.wiley.com/chemistry) ISBN 0-471-31824-8, $94.95, 394pp.

Aminophosphonic and Aminophosphinic Acids: Chemistry and Biological Activity. Editors: Valery P. Kukhar (Ukrainian Academy of Sciences) and Harry R Hudson (University of North London). Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK, on 31 March, 2000. ISBN 0 471-89149-5, 175.00 Pounds sterling, 634 pages.

Phosphorus Ylides. Chemistry and Application in Organic Synthesis, by Oleg I. Kolodiazhnyi. Published by Wiley-VCH, 1999, ISBN 3-527-29531-3, 220SF, 555 pages.     

Books Section

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Colombo, A.G. (1992). Environmental Impact Assessment. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, p. 334 + xii pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 0-7923-1589-8, Dfl180.00; £61.00.

Martin, G. and Laffort, P. (1991). Odeurs et Désodorisation dans l'Environnement. (Odors and Desodorisation in the Environment). TEC & DOC – Lavoisier, Paris. p. 452 + xxiv pp., Hardcover, In French, ISBN: 2-85206-605-X, FF 565.00.

Yalkowsky, S. H. and Banerjee, S. (1992). Aqueous Solubility: Methods of Estimation for Organic Compounds. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. p. 264 + vi pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 0-8247-8615-7, US$99.75 (U.S. and Canada) US$114.50 (all other countries).     

Practical aspects of quantitation

Quantitative Analysis using Chromatographic Techniques, edited by E. Katz, Wiley, 1987, £ 37.50 (427 pages) ISBN-0471-91406-1     

1-Chlor-3-(di)alkylamino-disilazane

The 1-chloro-3-(di)alkylamino-disilazanes1–18 were prepared according to equ. (2), characterized in their properties (Tab. 1) and confirmed in their structure (Tab. 2, 3). They could be transformed easily into disiltriazanes (equ. 3), but not be condensed into cyclotri- or-tetrasilazanes.

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116. Mitt.:U. Wannagat undD. Labuhn, Mh. Chem.104, 1453 (1973).

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Sonderdrucke über Prof. Dr.U. Wannagat, Inst. f. Anorg. Chemie der Techn. Univ., Pockelsstraße 4, D-3300 Braunschweig, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.

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Mit Auszügen aus der DissertationD. Labuhn, Techn. Univ. Braunschweig 1973.     

High Performance Liquid Chromatography Separations Using Columns Packed with Spherical ODS Particles. III. Effect of Column Dimensions on the Resolution of a Complex Mixture

Abstract

Separations on short columns, (3 and 5 cm, packed with 3 μ ODS spherical materials) and somewhat larger ones (10 cm and 20 cm columns having 2.1 mm and 4.6 mm diameters packed with 5 μ ODS spherical materials) were compared using Aroclor 1254. With simple mixtures, the results showed that short columns can give separations comparable with those on longer columns when the percentage of the organic modifier in the mobile phase is adjusted. This was not so with more complex mixture. The results also showed that columns which have a comparable volume do not produce comparable separation. The longer column, 200 mm × 2.1 mm gave better resolution than the shorter 50 mm × 4 mm column. Also a shorter column, (100 mm × 4.6 mm), which had double the volume of a longer column. (200 mm × 2.1 mm), gave better resolution of the Aroclor 1254 test solution.     

Phosphorus Version of the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell Reaction

Abstract

Utilizing phosphorus version of the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell (FBW) reaction, arylphosphaalkynes are prepared from 2,2-dihalo-1-aryl-1-phosphaalkenes, and theoretical calculations were carried out to obtain some basic insight into intramolecular rearrangement in the phosphorus system of interest.

[Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements for the following free supplemental resource: Density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio MP2 calculations.]

[Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfer, and Silicon for the following free supplemental files: Additional tables, figures, and references.]     

The synergistic effect between graphene oxide nanocolloids and silicon dioxide nanoparticles for gallic acid sensing

For the first time, the synergistic effect of graphene oxide nanocolloids (nano-GO) and silicon dioxide (silica) nanoparticles (SiO₂-nanoparicles) has been used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the determination of gallic acid (GA). The modified electrode surface was characterised by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrochemical behaviour of the modified electrode was then studied, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), showing that the electrode was sensitive to GA in a concentration range of 6.25 × 10⁻⁶ to 1.0 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹, with a correlation coefficient R² of 0.9956 and a limit of detection of 2.09 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ (S/N = 3). The proposed method was successfully used for the determination of GA in red wine, white wine and orange juice, with recoveries of 102.3, 95.4 and 97.6%, respectively.

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Determination of Ketorolac Tromethamine in Human Eye Samples by HPLC with Photo Diode-Array Detection

A sensitive and selective reversed-phase HPLC method for analysis of ketorolac in aqueous and vitreous humor from the human eye has been developed and validated. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a 250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5-μm particle, C₁₈ analytical column. Photo diode-array detection was performed at 314 nm. Response was a linear function of ketorolac concentration from 10 to 800 ng mL⁻¹. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 3.0 and 10 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day bias were less than 2.05 and 2.28%, respectively, and intra-day and inter-day RSD were no higher than 3.60 and 5.80%, respectively. Fluid obtained from patients eyes’ after topical application of Acular eye drops before retina decolman surgery was analyzed by use of the method. The method enabled successful quantification of levels of ketorolac in aqueous and vitreous humor.

     

A Simple and Economical Apparatus for Developing Thin-layer Chromatography Plates in the Anticircular Mode

Abstract

An improved method for developing thin layer chromatography plates in the anticircular mode is described. The apparatus consists of two glass dishes arranged concentrically. The outer dish has a diameter of 98 mm × 15 mm deep, and the inner one a diameter of 92 mm × 13 mm deep. The inner dish rests on four small pieces of glass (5 × 5 × 2 mm). A paper wick, (16 mm wide × 1.5 mm thick) sits between the two dishes and transfers the solvent from the outer dish to the thin layer plates. The plate sits on the paper wick with the adsorbent facing down. To ensure an even solvent flow, the dishes are situated on a platform which has adjustable legs, and an horizontal level. Up to 50 samples can be analyzed on one 10 × 10 cm plate in 5 minutes. Less than 10 ml of solvent are needed.     

Assay of Kanamycin A by HPLC with Direct UV Detection

The development of a simple reversed phase ion pair liquid chromatographic method for the assay of kanamycin A has been described. Because of the lack of a UV chromophore in the structure of kanamycin A, borate complexation was used to allow direct UV detection at 205 nm. Three columns were evaluated in this study: Zorbax Extend C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm; 5 μm), XBridge C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm; 5 μm) and apHera C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm; 5 μm). The mobile phase was a mixture of 0.1 M disodium tetraborate (pH 9.0) and water (20:80, v/v) supplemented with 0.5 g L⁻¹ sodium octanesulphonate. Final chromatographic conditions were achieved on the XBridge column at 50 °C. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines and applied to a commercially available sample. It is much faster and more specific than the current microbiological assay prescribed in the European Pharmacopoeia. No expensive equipment is necessary to perform this assay making it a viable replacement.