超声波法测量大气折射率结构常数

 用AMK-02型超声波大气参数综合测量仪同时测量了常规气象参数和大气折射率结构常数C²_n,分析并找出了该仪器给出的C²_n在转换时刻与热丝温度脉动仪的测量结果差异较大的原因,是由于超声波法测量温度脉动精度太低,只能达到0.01 K。同时建立了另一种适用于超声波仪计算C²_n的方法,即利用该仪器准确的常规气象参数计算C²_n,其计算结果与热丝温度脉动仪的测量结果吻合较好。     

掺半导体玻璃波导特性研究

利用离子交换技术制成了单模和多模掺CdSxSe_1-x半导体玻璃波导。通过对波导参数的测量得出这种波导的折射率剖面满足费米函数分布。同时,对这种K⁺—Na⁺离子交换技术得到的单模波导在0.5145μm波长下输入—输出功率的测量,观测到它的功率限制作用。并得到在Ar⁺激光0.5145μm波长下吸收系敲是4cm^-1。在这篇文章中,我们对波导的光功率限制起源于热效应进行了分析和讨论。     

两核子吸收机制与飞行π介子

本文推广静止π吸收的两核子模型用于讨论几百Mev飞行π介子被原子核吸收后发射核子能谱的现象。计算了220MeVπ介子被¹²C。⁵⁸Ni和¹⁸¹Ta核吸收后的发射核子能谱以及吸收截面σ_abs、平均发射核子数N和π⁺/π^-吸收后发射质子的产额比值R与A的依赖关系。这些实验都能成功地用两核子吸收机制给与描述。     

2∽6 GHz范围内二苯并呋喃的纯旋转光谱

本文使用自己搭建的宽带啁啾脉冲傅里叶变换微波谱仪对二苯并呋喃在2∽6 GHz范围内的转动光谱的测量和归属. 对微波光谱的分析获得了40个b型跃迁的归属,精确地确定了旋转常数A=2278.19770(38) MHz、B=601.12248(10) MHz和C=475.753120(98) MHz.     

荧光粉相对亮度测量的色修正

由于很难将光接收器的相对光谱灵敏度S(λ)调到与CIE标准观察者V(λ)完全一致,不同荧光份又具有不同的相对光谱功率分布,因此测量荧光粉的相对亮度与测量其它光度量一样,必须进行色修正。本工作针对实际使用的光接收器和相对光谱功率分布不同的几种荧光粉的相对亮度计算了色修正系数。     

Nd3+掺杂B2O3-Nb2O5-BaO-La2O3玻璃光谱性质的研究

 用高温熔融法制备了Nd³⁺(物质的量分数2％）掺杂40B₂O₃-(15-χ)Nb₂O₅-45BaO-χLa₂O₃玻璃，测量了样品的吸收光谱、发射光谱和差热分析（DTA）曲线。根据Nd3+光学跃起矩阵的特点，应用Judd-Ofelt理论，从吸收光谱获得了Nd³⁺光学跃起的强度参数。并计算了Nd³⁺离子的自发辐射跃迁几率、总自发辐射几率、荧光分支比、辐射能级寿命和受激发射截面。结果表明：该体系玻璃中，随着Nb₂O₅ 含量的增加和La₂O₃₂增大，说明材料的对称性降低；而Ω₆减小，说明Nd-O键的共价性和键强增强；受激发射截面减小。DTA实验表明，随着Nb₂O₅含量的增加，材料的热稳定性提高。     

Gd2O2S:Eu荧光谱及能级的高压研究

 在21 500~11 500 cm^-1光谱区间内测量了Gd₂O₂S:Eu的荧光光谱，测量是在室温和液氮条件下进行的，对122条低温谱线和96条常温谱线进行了指认。识别了Eu³⁺离子⁵D_0~2及⁷F_0~6的39个斯塔克能级中的35个能级。在0~15 GPa压力范围内，研究了Gd₂O₂S:Eu高压下的发射光谱。在压力作用下，发现所有观测到的谱线都红移，强度降低。6个⁵D_0~2能级下降速度大于⁷F_J，⁵D₂、⁷F_2~5多重态的斯塔克劈裂变大，而⁵D₁和⁷F₁的劈裂变小。     

立方氮化硼的振动光谱及反射光谱的研究

 将黑色、黄色、棕色三种小于50 μm立方氮化硼粉末为样品，研究了其红外光谱、拉曼光谱、反射光谱，结果表明：（1）样品的红外光谱中，1 818 cm^-1和1 548 cm^-1属于cBN的晶格本征振动，而立方氮化硼的晶格本征振动外的晶体缺陷吸收则发生在~800 cm^-1，1 580 cm^-1~1 740 cm^-1和大于2 400 cm^-1处。（2）拉曼光谱测试表明，在1 052 cm^-1和1 304 cm^-1附近出现的散射与cBN不具有反演中心及cBN具有立方结构这样的事实相一致，并且这种散射伴随着布里渊区中心声子的横向和纵向发射。144 cm^-1附近出现的散射，被认为是由于局部振荡模式的出现，在反斯托克斯区造成的信号，这与晶格中杂质缺陷有关。（3）依据得到的反射光谱，计算了cBN单晶禁带宽度，发现这三种cBN都具有大于金刚石的禁带宽度值，分别为：E_g(黑)=6.21 eV，E_g(黄)=5.73 eV，E_g(棕)=5.71 eV。     

MgH的A2Π-X2Σ+振动跃迁的Frank-Condon因子和带头

利用激光消融/激光诱导荧光的方法测量了MgH分子A²Π～X²Σ⁺的色散荧光谱, 并通过分析实验光谱获得了MgH分子的A²Π(v′=0)～X²Σ⁺(v〞=0,1)跃迁的弗朗克-康登因子和相应的跃迁频率. 同时也用理论计算方法计算出MgH分子A²Π(v′=0)～X²Σ⁺(v〞=0,1)的弗朗克-康登因子和跃迁频率. 实验结果、理论结果和其他文献中的理论结果是一致的.     

Al、Ti、V、I的快中子激发曲线

在E_n=4.5—18.3 MeV 能区,用活化法测量了²⁷Al（n,α）²⁴Na,⁴⁶Ti（n,p）⁴⁶Sc¹),⁴⁸Ti（n,p）⁴⁸Sc¹),⁵¹V（n,α）⁴⁸Sc 和¹²⁷I（n,2n）¹²⁶I 的激发曲线.在 E_n=14.61±0.20 MeV 处,以伴随粒子法作中子通量测量,得到了²⁷Al（n,α）²⁴Na 反应截面.其他反应以此截面为标准进行绝对测量.产物核放射性用经标定过效率的 NaI（Tl）闪烁谱仪测量.结果分别为117.5±3.0 mb,291.4±14.0 mb,63.7±3.2 mb,16.8±0.9 mb 和1656±68mb.最后对测量结果进行了简单的比较.     

Multilayer Au/TiO2Composite Films with Ultrafast Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

We report on the ultrafast third-order optical nonlinearity in multilayer Au/TiO2 composite films fabricated on quartz substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. The linear optical properties of the films are determined and optical absorption peaks due to surface plasmon resonance of Au particles are observed at about 590hm. The third-order optical nonlinearities of the films are investigated by z-scan method using a femtosecond laser （50 fs） at the wavelength of 800 nm. The sample showed fast nonlinear optical responses with nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index being -3.66 × 10^-10 m/W and -2.95 × 10^-17 m^2/W, respectively. The results also show that the nonlinear optical effects increase with the increasing Au concentration in the composite films.     

An Artificially Garnet Crystal Materials Using In Terahertz Waveguide

A hypothesis is brought forward that the materials with low propagation loss in both optical and microwave band may exhibit good performance in terahertz （THz） band because THz wave band interspaces those two wave bands. For the purpose-of exploring a kind of low-loss material for THz waveguide, Lu2.1Bi0.9Fe5O12（LuBiIG） garnet films are prepared by liquid phase epitaxy （LPE） method on a gadolinium gallium garnet （GGG） substrate from lead-free flux because of the good properties in both optical and microwave bands. In microwave band, the ferromagnetic resonance （FMR） linewidth of the film 2△H = 2.8-5.1Oe; in optical band, the optical absorption coefficient is 600cm^-1 at visible range and about 100-170cm^-1 when the wavelength is longer than 800nm. In THz range, our hypothesis is well confirmed by a THz-TDS measurement which shows that the absorbance of the film for THz wave is 0.05-0.3 cm 1 and the minimum value appears at 2.3 THz. This artificial ferromagnetic material holds a great promise for magnetic field tunable THz devices such as waveguide, modulator or switch.     

Photothermal displacement spectroscopy: An optical probe for solids and surfaces

We present a sensitive technique for determining the optical and thermal properties of solids, surfaces and thin films. This technique, photothermal displacement Spectroscopy, is based on the detection of the thermal expansion of a sample upon absorption of electromagnetic radiation. The technique is well suited for in situ ultrahigh vacuum studies and for experiments where wide temperature ranges are required. We show that surface and bulk optical absorption can be distinguished and that surface absorptions of αL=10^?6/W of incident power can be measured. The theoretical basis of the signal generation is given, and excellent experimental and theoretical agreement is demonstrated. The implications of our findings to imaging and microscopy are discussed.     

Nanosecond UV laser damage and ablation from fluoride crystals polished by different techniques

Ablation thresholds and damage behavior of cleaved and polished surfaces of CaF₂, BaF₂, LiF and MgF₂ subjected to single-shot irradiation with 248 nm/14 ns laser pulses have been investigated using the photoacoustic mirage technique and scanning electron microscopy. For CaF₂, standard polishing yields an ablation threshold of typically 20 J/cm². When the surface is polished chemo-mechanically, the threshold can be raised to 43 J/cm², while polishing by diamond turning leads to intermediate values around 30 J/cm². Cleaved surfaces possess no well-defined damage threshold. When comparing different fluoride surfaces prepared by diamond turning it is found that the damage resistivity roughly scales with the band gap. We find an ablation threshold of 40 J/cm² for diamond turned LiF while the MgF₂ surface can withstand a fluence of more than 60 J/cm² without damage. The damage topography of conventionally polished surfaces shows flaky ablation across the laser-heated area with cracks along the cleavage planes. No ablation is observed in the case of chemo- mechanical polishing; only a few cracks appear. Diamond turned surfaces show small optical absorption but mostly cracks and ablation of flakes and, in some cases, severe damage in the form of craters larger than the irradiated area. The origin of such different damage behavior is discussed.     

Angular distribution of 6He+p elastic scattering

The angular distribution of ¹H(⁶He,p)⁶He elastic scattering has been measured at E_c.m.=4.3 MeV by using a thick-target inverse kinematic method. The experimental differential cross sections are reproduced by the distorted-wave Born approximation calculation utilizing the CH89 global optical potential parameter set. The real part of CH89 is reduced comparing with other potentials, which may be attributed to the couplings necessary for the weakly bound nuclei.     

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Novel Polymeric Rare Earth Phthalocyanine Studied Using Picosecond Z-Scan Technique

Three novel tri-dimensional phthalocyanine polymers, with lanthanum （LaPPc）, gadolinium （GdPPc） and ytterbium （YbPPc） as centric atoms, have been synthesized from a tetranuclear phthalonitrile. Third-order optical nonlinearities of these compounds in DMF solution are measured by a picosecond Z-sacn technique at 532 nm. It is found that all the compounds show reverse saturation absorption and nonlinear self-focus refraction effect. The second-order molecular hyperpolarizabilities are calculated to be 1.82×10^-23, 1.48×10^-23 and 1.45×10^-23 esu for LaPPc, GdPPc and YbPPc, respectively. The differences among their nonlinear optical properties are attributed to the special tri-dimensional structure and the variation in rare earth atoms.     

冲击压缩下聚四氟乙烯电阻率及冲击绝热线的实验研究

 实验测量了国产聚四氟乙烯（SFB-1）在15~40 GPa冲击压力范围内的电阻率及冲击压缩线。主要的实验结果是：电阻率是冲击压力的单调递减函数，其数值在2.45×10⁵~1.73×10³ Ω•cm之间变化；冲击压缩线可用D=1.571+1.961u-0.0537u²表示（D，u分别为冲击波速度及粒子速度，单位均为km/s）。与其他作者发表的数据相比，发现不同制造厂家生产的聚四氟乙烯材料的电阻常数数值有一定的差别，但其以D-u关系表示的冲击压缩线没有出现可以察觉的变化。     

Fragmentation of CO in Femtosecond Laser Fields

Fragmentation of CO in a linearly polarized femtosecond laser field within the intensity order of 10^14 W.cm^-2 at 820nm is investigated experimentally by using velocity mapping technique. According to the observed kinetic energy and angular distributions of different charged fragment ions, fragmentation channels of CO are proposed. The angular distributions provide helpful information for assigning the dissociation channels.     

铝靶激光热应力的实验研究

 用高温应变计和热偶计等诊断技术，研究连续波氧碘化学激光（CW/COIL）与铝合金板作用产生的激光热应力。当照射靶面激光强度约1 000 W/cm²时，激光热应力随靶厚的增加而快速减小。当激光辐照靶材厚度h＝1.00 mm、激光强度I＝640~980 W/cm²时，激光热应力随辐照靶面激光强度的增加而增大。两者的激光热应力－时间曲线随靶厚的减薄或随辐照靶面激光强度的增加而变得越来越复杂。当靶厚h≤2.50 mm，辐照靶面激光强度I≥800 W/cm²时，激光热应力强度超过激光辐照区材料断裂强度，萌生许多孔洞裂纹，引起材料断裂破坏。