GaAs/Ge的MOCVD生长研究

用常压MOCVD在Ge衬底上外延生长了GaAs单晶层,研究了GaAs和6e的极性与非极性材料异质外延生长,获得了质量优良的GaAs/Ge外延片,GaAs外延层X射线双晶衍射回摆曲线半高宽达16弧秒.10K下PL谱半峰宽为7meV.讨论了极性与非极性外延的界面反相畴问题和GaAs-Ge界面的Ga、Ge原子互扩散问题.     

优质GaAs/Si和AlGaAs/Si材料的MOCVD生长研究

用自制常压MOCVD装置,在Si衬底上生长GaAs和AlGaAs外延层,在高温去除Si衬底表面氧化膜之后,采用两步法,即低温生长过渡层,再提高温度生长外延层。得到了表面镜面光亮的优质GaAs和AlGaAs外延层。X射线双晶衍射仪测试GaAs外延层,其回摆曲线半峰宽是200孤秒,GaAs和AlGaAs外延层在77K温度下,PL谱半峰宽分别是17meV和24meV。     

磁控反应溅射AlN缓冲层对GaN基LED器件性能的影响

以直流磁控反应溅射法(RMS)在图形化蓝宝石衬底上制备的AlN薄膜作为缓冲层,采用金属有机化学气相沉积法(MOCVD)外延生长了GaN基LED。与MOCVD生长的低温GaN缓冲层相比,RMS制备的AlN缓冲层具有表面更平整、颗粒更小的形核岛,有利于促进GaN外延的横向生长,减少了形核岛合并时的界面数量和高度差异,降低了缺陷和位错产生的几率。研究结果表明,溅射AlN缓冲层取代传统低温GaN缓冲层后,外延生长的GaN材料具有更高的晶体质量,LED器件在亮度、漏电和抗静电能力等光电特性上均有明显提升。     

具有多MO喷嘴垂直MOCVD反应腔外延层厚度均匀性的优化理论及应用

金属有机物化学气相淀积(metal organic chemical vapor deposition, MOCVD)作为异质结半导体材料外延的关键手段,其外延层厚度均匀性会直接影响产品的良率.本文将理论与实验相结合,针对3个MO源喷嘴的垂直反应腔MOCVD,将各MO源喷嘴等效为蒸发面源,并引入一等效高度来涵盖MOCVD的相关外延参数,建立外延层厚度与各MO源喷嘴流量间的定量关系,设计并利用EMCORE D125 MOCVD系统外延生长了AlGaAs谐振腔结构,根据实验测得的外延层厚度分布结果,利用最小二乘法对模型参数进行了拟合提取,基于提取的模型参数,给出了优化外延层厚度均匀性的方法. 4 in (1 in=2.54 cm)外延片mapping反射谱的统计结果为,腔模的平均波长为651.89 nm,标准偏差为1.03 nm,厚度均匀性达到0.16%.同时外延生长了GaInP量子阱结构, 4 in外延片mapping荧光光谱的统计结果为,峰值波长平均值为653.3 nm,标准偏差仅为0.46 nm,厚度均匀性达到0.07%.本文提出的调整外延层厚度均匀性的方法具有简单、有效、快捷的特点...     

在MOCVD外延生长中V/Ⅲ比对Al_xGa_(1-x)As外延层中A1组分分布的影响

本实验首次观察到用MOCVD方法在GaAs基片上外延生长Al_xGa_(1-x)As/GaAs薄膜结构时,生长中所用的Ⅴ/Ⅲ比对外延层中Al组份x的分布的影响.当Ⅴ/Ⅲ比较低时,外延层中的Al组份出现很明显的层状阶梯形三层分布:靠近基片的一层中x值较低,而在外延层的表面层中x值较高.随着生长中所用的Ⅴ/Ⅲ比增加时,Al组份的分布趋于均匀.利用GaAs的高温热分解和Ga、As离子在晶体中的热扩散及其对外延生长的影响,对这一现象作了初步解释.     

一种应用于MOCVD的3波长在线红外测温方法

根据金属有机物化学气相沉积(MOCVD)在线红外测温的发展需要,提出一种3波长免探测孔有效面积校准和反射率修正的测温方法。给出了探测1 300 nm、1 150 nm、940 nm 3波长的在线测温探头设计方案和光路图,将该探头应用于THOMAS SWAN CCS MOCVD 5.08 cm (2英寸)Si(111)衬底上生长10 μm GaN外延层的在线测温。测量结果表明:在700 ℃~1 100 ℃范围内,探头多次测量的重复性误差在1.0 ℃内,在950 ℃~1 100 ℃范围内,以EpiTT红外测温仪为参考,探头测温精度在1 ℃内,距离容差性为2 mm。该探头应用于我国自主研发的MOCVD 5.08 cm Si(111)衬底上生长InGaN/GaN MQW结构蓝光LED外延片,可得最低测温量程为435 ℃,n-GaN生长过程中测量噪声为0.75℃。结果分析表明:该3波长免修正在线红外测温法对于高质量单层薄膜外延生长具有一定可行性,对于多层复杂结构外延生长需要进一步改进。     

侧向外延生长六方相GaN中堆垛层错的同步辐射表征

本文采用低温光致发光谱研究了蓝宝石(0001)衬底上MOCVD侧向外延生长的六方相GaN中的堆垛层错, 并使用同步辐射XRD方法研究了该堆垛层错以及立方相和六方相GaN的相对取向.     

Si(111)分子束外延的生长动力学过程研究

本文用反射式高能电子衍射(RHEED)强度振荡研究了不同生长温度下Si(111)分子束外延的生长动力学过程,生长温度高于520℃(生长速率约0.15?/S)时,Si(111)外延为“台阶流”生长模式,生长温度低于475℃时,外延为“二维成核”双原子层生长模式,在较低温,甚至室温时,其外延仍为双原子层模式,但是镜向弹性散射束振荡和非弹性散射束振荡的叠加会造成RHEED强度在生长的最初阶段出现“类单原子层”模式的振荡特性。 关键词：     

在MOCVD外延生长中Ⅴ/Ⅲ比对AlxGa1-xAs外延层中A1组分分布的影响

本实验首次观察到用MOCVD方法在GaAs基片上外延生长AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs薄膜结构时,生长中所用的Ⅴ/Ⅲ比对外延层中Al组份x的分布的影响.当Ⅴ/Ⅲ比较低时,外延层中的Al组份出现很明显的层状阶梯形三层分布:靠近基片的一层中x值较低,而在外延层的表面层中x值较高.随着生长中所用的Ⅴ/Ⅲ比增加时,Al组份的分布趋于均匀.利用GaAs的高温热分解和Ga、As离子在晶体中的热扩散及其对外延生长的影响,对这一现象作了初步解释.     

MOCVD外延生长AlGaAs组份的在线监测

利用反射各向异性谱( RAS)和反射谱在线监测了AlxGa1-xAs样品的金属有机化合物汽相淀积(MOCVD)外延生长过程.通过在线监测得到的RAS和反射谱可以敏感地反映出AlxGa1-xAs外延层组份发生的变化,从而优化外延生长工艺.实验表明,反射谱中的振荡周期可以在线计算组份和生长速率,利用反射谱中的振荡的第一个最...     

MBE and MOCVD growth and properties of self-assembling quantum dot arrays in III-V semiconductor structures

In this paper, we review our latest developments on the growth and properties of self-assembling quantum dot structures. The self-assembling growth technique which was initially developed using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), has now been extended to metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The paper first presents structural results based on atomic force and transmission electron microscopy studies of the quantum dot arrays which were obtained by MBE and MOCVD growth. From the detailed structural analysis we have observed that the formation of coherently strained dots of InAs, InAlAs, and InP dots on various cladding layer surfaces. MBE growth of InAs self-assembled dots has achieved the smallest size distribution, with dots as small as 12nm in diameter. For the MOCVD growth of InP dots we have found that the surface morphology and growth temperature of lower cladding layer growth has a profound influence on island size and density. Recent results on the optical and transport properties of the MBE grown self-assembling dot (SAD) arrays are also presented.     

原子层外延及其进展

近十年来发展起来的原子层外延技术(ALE)实际上是对现有气相外延技术(蒸发、沉积、分子束外延、氯化物外延和MOCVL)的一种改进.它以固体衬底表面的化学反应为基础.因此用ALE方法可以获得精确膜厚、符合化学比、高化学稳定性和结构完整而均匀的化合物薄膜.本综述介绍了ALE的工作原理、特点及其进展概况.指出,ALE方法除了用于研制成功性能优良的太面积薄膜电致发光显示器以外,近年来还在单晶衬底上生长出突变异质结、多量子阱结构和超晶格,从而为研究低维数半导体薄层结构提供了一个媒介.     

GaSb衬底上外延InAsxSb1-x材料的LP-MOCVD研究

采用自制的低压金属有机化学汽相淀积LP-MOCVD设备, 在(100)面GaSb单晶衬底上外延生长了InAsSb材料.用X射线双晶衍射、光学显微镜和扫描电镜、电子探针能谱仪等对材料特性进行了表征，分析研究了生长温度、Ⅴ/Ⅲ比、过渡层等对外延层的影响.并且获得了与GaSb衬底晶格失配度较低的表面光亮的晶体质量较好的InAsSb外延层.     

掺杂与Al组分对AlGaInP四元系LED发光效率的影响

在AlGaInP四元系双异质结发光二极管(DH—LED)的材料生长过程中,限制层的Al组分与P型掺杂浓度的确定有较大的随意性,这对LED的发光不利。通过分析载流子在发光二极管(LED)双异质结中的输运情况,得到了在不同的P型掺杂程度下,限制层Al组分与LED发光效率的关系,从而可以探索P型掺杂与Al组分对发光效率影响的规律,得到的结论对于LED的器件结构设计以及MOCVD材料生长有一定的指导意义。     

X-ray spectroscopic examination of thin HfO<Subscript>2</Subscript> films ALD- and MOCVD-grown on the Si(100) surface

HfO₂ films 5 nm thick grown on Si(100) substrates by the methods of MOCVD hydride epitaxy and atomic layer deposition (ALD) are studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with Ar⁺ ion etching and X-ray reflectometry. It is found that (i) the ALD-grown HfO₂ films are amorphous, while the MOCVD-grown films show signs of a crystal structure; (ii) the surface of the ALD-grown films is more prone to contamination and/or is more reactive; and (iii) the amount of interfacial silicon dioxide in the case of the MOCVD-grown film is greater than in the case of the films synthesized by ALD. It is also shown that the argon ion etching of the HfO₂ film results in the formation of a metallic hafnium layer at the interface. This indicates that HfO₂ can be used not only as a gate dielectric but also as a material suitable for fabricating nanodimensional conductors by direct decomposition.     

Study of the influence of native oxide layers on atomic force microscopy imaging of semiconductor surfaces

We have investigated the influence of the native oxide layer on semiconductor surfaces on the imaging properties of the atomic force microscope operated under ambient conditions by using epitaxial In_1–x Ga _x As layers grown by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD) on (001) oriented InP substrates which have been kept under ambient conditions for two years. The thickness and composition of the native oxide layers were studied with ellipsometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. Subsequently, the sample surfaces were imaged by means of atomic force microscopy operated in air which revealed terrace structures separated by monoatomic steps. The obtained data were compared with the surface morphology which can be expected from the MOCVD growth process. The results suggest that an accurate study of semiconductor layer growth by atomic force microscopy in air is possible.     

Comparison between atomic layer epitaxy grown and molecular beam epitaxy grown CdTe/MnTe superlattices: a structural and optical study

Atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) is investigated for the growth of CdTe/MnTe superlattices. A systematic structural characterization (X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy), together with a magneto-optical study (reflectivity and photoluminescence), demonstrate that: for MnTe ALE, all deposited Mn atoms are incorporated, so that no autoregulated growth mode can be obtained, in contrast with CdTe ALE, atomic layer epitaxy allows well-controlled CdTe/MnTe superlattices to be achieved but does not prevent the exchange between Cd and Mn atoms which occurs at the interfaces between CdTe and MnTe, as observed in CdTe/MnTe superlattices grown by conventional molecular beam epitaxy.     

1.5μm波长n-p-n型InGaAsP-InP晶体管激光器材料外延生长

基于器件模拟仿真,设计了一种1.5μm波长InGaAsP-InP晶体管激光器材料外延结构.其多量子阱有源区置于基区非对称波导中.仿真结果显示该外延结构能够获得较好的光场限制和侧向电流限制.对该材料MOCVD生长研究表明,基极重掺杂接触层中Zn2+扩散将导致量子阱严重退化.通过对其扩散过程的模拟仿真,采用平均掺杂浓度为1×1018cm-3的梯度掺杂,有效地抑制了Zn2+向量子阱区的扩散.所获得的外延材料在1.51μm呈现较强的PL峰值,具有卫星峰清晰的XRD谱.