微波辐射用于聚酰亚胺的研究进展

聚酰亚胺因具有优良的综合性能而得到广泛的研究.微波辐射在高分子化学研究领域中的应用越来越广泛,效果也十分明显.与常规加热方式相比,微波辐射具有内部加热、缩短反应时间、提高反应产率、节省能耗、无温度梯度、制得产物性能好等优点.近年来,微波辐射用于聚酰亚胺的研究越来越多.因此本文对微波辐射在聚酰亚胺的合成、三阶非线性光学、聚酰亚胺复合材料以及稀土-聚酰亚胺配合物等方面的应用进行了综述.     

微波辐射用于聚合反应的研究进展

微波辐射在高分子化学研究领域中的应用越来越广泛 ,效果也十分明显 ,与常规加热方式相比 ,微波辐射具有缩短反应时间 ,提高反应产率 ,节省能源损耗 ,制得产物性能好等优点。近年来 ,微波辐射在聚合反应中的应用也越来越多。因此本文对微波辐射在高分子聚合反应中的应用研究进行了综述。     

微波辐射法制备活性炭的应用研究进展

对微波辐射技术在活性炭的活化、表面改性及再生过程中的研究进展进行了概述。微波功率是影响活性炭的活化、改性、再生及其吸附性能和产率的主要因素之一。众多实验结果表明微波辐射技术是制备活性炭材料和提高活性炭吸附性能的有效途径。     

微波辐射技术在有机合成中的应用

综述了微波辐射技术应用于有机合成的研究进展，以微波加热原理，微波与物质间的相互作用该技术影响有机合成的因素及实验条件进行了较详细的讨论。     

微波辐射法合成NaX分子筛

NaX是低硅铝比的八面沸石,一般在低温水热条件下合成.因反应混合物配比不同,以及采用的反应温度不同,晶化时间为数小时至数十小时不等. 近年来,微波辐射方法被应用于无机及有机化合物的合成中.Chu Pochen等在专利文献中报道了微波辐射法在沸石分子筛合成中的应用,其中提到了NaX分子筛,但对合成     

应用微波辐射技术合成尼群地平

1,4-二氢吡啶类化合物作为钙离子通道的调节剂 ,日益受到人们的广泛注意 [1] ,人们先后合成了各种类型的 1 ,4-二氢吡啶类化合物的衍生物 [2 ] ,并发现了一些具有生物活性的物质 ,其中2 ,6-二甲基 -4 -( 3 -硝基苯基 ) -3 ,5-二乙氧羰基 -1 ,4-二氢吡啶 (即尼群地平 )具有治疗高血压及心血管疾病的作用 ,为我国刚上市的新药 .其合成方法一般为 Hanztsch合成法 [3] ,即用芳醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯 ,浓氨水在乙醇中回流十几个小时得到 .该方法存在回流时间长 ,产率低 ,以及浓氨水对人体有刺激作用所带来的操作不便 ;路军等[4 ] 用碳酸氢铵代替浓氨…     

有机微波化学研究进展

本文综述了近几年来微波技术在有机合成方面的研究和应用进展。初步探讨了微波催化有机反应的作用机理, 并展望了有机微波化学的发展前景。     

微波辐射快速合成乙酰水杨酸

以本杨酸和乙酸酐为原料、无水碳酸钠作催化剂微波辐射快速合成乙酰水杨酸，并用正交试验筛选出最佳合成工艺条件：n(水杨酸)：n(乙酸酐)＝1：2．0，微波功率464W，辐射时间60S，催化剂用量为水杨酸质量的2％，重结晶后产率可达90．8％。     

微波辐射下合成芳香酯

苯甲酸钠和卤代烃在无有机溶剂和无机载体的条件下经微波辐射简便、快速、有效地合成了芳香酯.     

微波辐射破乳研究进展

综述了微波辐射破乳的有关研究进展。微波辐射是一种有效的破乳手段，与重力沉降、化学、加热等破乳方法相比，能显著地加速稠油体系，含天然表面活性物质、无机盐、固体粒子、三元复合驱剂等乳状液的破乳，提高破乳效果，并且能够提高破乳脱出水的透光率。无机盐与微波辐射两种破乳方式存在加和作用，在极少量的NaCl，MgCl2，caCl2，KCl存在时，用微波辐射120～150s，破乳率可达100％。微波辐射破乳作为一种很有吸引力的破乳方法已在实验室和油田现场取得成功。     

Synthesis of Substituted Salicylanilides under Microwave Irradiation

Summary. Salicylanilides were prepared in 70–95% yields in 4–8min from phenyl salicylate or phenyl 4-methoxysalicylate and substituted anilines under microwave irradiation under solvent free conditions.Received October 17, 2002; accepted October 22, 2002 Published online July 3, 2003     

Synthesis of Guanylhydrazones Under Microwave Irradiation

Abstract

The reaction of aromatic aldehydes and ketones with aminoguanidine hydrochloride under microwave irradiation (MWI) afforded guanylhydrazones in shorter reaction times and improved yield as compared to the conventional methodology.     

微波辐射在壳聚糖高分子材料中的应用

简述了微波促进有机反应的机理和特点，并对近年来微波辐射技术在壳聚糖高分子材料中的应用进展作一综述。     

Traceless Synthesis of Hydantoin by Focused Microwave Irradiation

Hydantoin analogs have shown versatile therapeutic applications and some of them have been approved by FDA as drugs. For example, Fosphenytoin as a sodium channel antagonist is used for the treatment of epilepsy. Phenytoin has antiarrhythmic, anticonvulsant and antineuralgic activities. Ethotoin and Mephenytoin both show anticonvulsant effect. Nilutamide is a non-steroidal orally-active antiandrogen in combination with surgical castration for the treatment of stage D2 metastatic prostate c…     

Microwave Irradiation Promoted Synthesis of Aryloxy Acetic Acids

Several aryloxy acetic acids were synthesized under microwave irradiation. The factors, which affect the reaction, were investigated and optimized. It was revealed that the best yields(92. 7%--97.4%) were obtained when the molar ratio of the reactants was n(ArOH) : n(NaOH) : n(CICH2CO2H) = 1：2.5： 1.2 with microwave irradiation power of 640 W for 65--85 s.     

Simultaneous Synthesis of Pyrazolopyridines and Pyrazolopyrimidinones Under Microwave Irradiation

The direct reaction of o-aminopyrazocarbonitriles and carbonyl compounds to afford pyrazolopyrimidinones was discovered; hence, a simultaneous synthetic method for pyrazolopyridines and pyrazolopyrimidinones was achieved. Under microwave irradiation, better yields of products than those of conventional method were given.     

Synthesis of 9-Substituted Berberine Derivatives with Microwave Irradiation

Hyperglycemia is frequently accompanying with hyperlipidemia. To explore the potent drugs with dual-activity and dual-site effects that could reduce blood glucose and blood lipid at the same time, fibrate group with lipid-lowering effect on the 9th position of berberine(BBR) was introduced using the drug design combination principle and the multi-target collaborative treatment method. Moreover, the molecular structure of BBR was modified, and six 9-substituted derivatives of BBR were designed and synthesized, among which, five compounds have never been reported before. In addition, the molecular structures of these derivatives were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS), ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance(¹H NMR) and ¹³C NMR, respectively. Furthermore, the microwave irradiation experimental technique was applied in the synthesis reaction using the novel microwave synthesizer, which accelerated the reaction rate, enhanced the reaction yield, reduced the reaction by-products, and simplified the post-processing steps. In the meantime, the 9-position regioselective demethylation of BBR was explored through quantum chemical calculation during the synthesis of berberrubine. The computations were consistent with the experimental results, which contributed to deducing the mechanism of its selective methylation.     

Synthesis of Thia-calix[4]arene Hydroxamic Acids by Microwave Irradiation

Thia-calix[4]arene hydroxamic acids have been synthesized by partial reduction of nitro-thia-calix[4]arenes with hydrazine hydrate, Rn/Ni, and their coupling with benzoyl chloride under the influence of microwave irradiation with 90–95% yield and 3–6 min reaction time.