具有四重氢键识别基元超支化聚合物的特殊流变行为

在羟基与异氰酸酯基官能团比1∶0.13、1∶0.25、1∶0.33和1∶0.5下,通过端羟基超支化聚(酯-胺)(HPEA)与单异氰酸酯基甲基异胞嘧啶的反应,合成了一系列以脲基嘧啶酮(ureidopyrimidinone,Upy)单元封端的超支化聚合物(HPEA-U).由于Upy单元间形成自识别四重氢键作用,Upy改性聚合物的熔融流变行为表现出了明显的温度和频率依赖性.随着Upy含量增加,聚合物的解缔温度逐渐增加.在低频范围内,随着频率增大,其表观黏度降低,储能模量增加.在临界频率以上,随着频率增大,出现剪切变稠及储能模量迅速降低现象.基于Upy微区结构的剪切破坏及游离Upy单元间的氢键结合,对这种特殊的流变行为进行了解释.     

具有四重氢键识别基元的超支化聚合物

在羟基/异氰酸酯基官能团比4∶1的条件下,通过超支化聚合物Boltorn H20(HPE)与Upy(ureidopyrimidinone)的反应,合成了带有四重氢键单元的改性超支化聚合物HPE-1.采用核磁共振仪及红外分析仪测定了HPE-1的结构.由于分子间强的相互作用,HPE-1在熔融状态下可拉丝,而HPE不能.由于分子中含有亲水的羟基和疏水的Upy基元,HPE-1在水中能够自组装成球状聚集体.在酸性溶液中聚集体变大,而在碱性溶液中聚集体破坏,这为制备敏感性材料提供了途径.     

两种不同化学组成的超支化聚氨酯改性环氧树脂

利用芳香族二元异氰酸酯和脂肪族二元异氰酸酯分别与二乙醇胺反应,设计合成了不同化学组成的超支化聚氨酯,考察了其对环氧树脂的改性作用.运用核磁共振、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、弯曲、拉伸、冲击强度、储能模量、示差扫描量热法(DSC)以及热失重(TGA)等对超支化聚氨酯的结构及其性能进行了证实和表征,并发现基于芳香族超支化聚氨酯改性的环氧树脂共混体系表现出均相结构,而脂肪族超支化聚氨酯和环氧树脂共混后却形成了非均相体系.均相的共混体系证明超支化聚合物自身能够有效地改善环氧树脂的力学性能和热学性能.     

超支化聚酯的改性及其结晶性能的研究

用十六酰氯和十八异氰酸酯分别对端羟基的超支化聚酯Boltorn^TMH20改性,可获得粉末状超支化低聚物,具有无定形“内核”及可结晶“外壳”的分子结构.实验结果表明,采用十八异氰酸酯改性的丙烯酸化超支化聚酯的熔点高于十六酰氯改性聚合物.     

脂肪型超支化聚酯的端基改性研究

近年来 ,超支化聚合物以其独特的结构和性能而受到广泛的重视 ,已成为 2 1世纪高分子科学研究的重要方向[1～ 4 ] .超支化聚合物通常是通过 AB2 型单体的缩聚来合成的 ,由于超支化聚酯的单体容易合成 ,因此 ,有关超支化聚酯的研究最为深入 .目前所报道的脂肪型超支化聚酯都是以 2 ,2 -二甲醇基丙酸为原料来合成的 ,Malstrom等 [5～ 7]系统研究了该聚合物的合成及结构 .最近 ,Johansson[8]采用丙烯酰氯对该聚合物端基改性 ,获得了可用于紫外光固化的涂料 ,但是所采用的合成及提纯方法都很复杂 ,并且需要很长的反应时间 .本文采用一种新的…     

光/潮气双重固化聚氨酯涂层的制备及性能研究

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)和二乙醇胺(DEOA)为原料一步法合成了超支化聚氨酯,对其改性制备了光固化超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(HPUA)和一系列双重固化(UV/潮气)超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(DHPUA),使用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和碳谱(13C-NMR)以及凝胶色谱(GPC)对其分子结构进行了表征.并以其为预聚物制备光固化涂层,通过对双重固化涂层的表面形貌、热性能和物理性能的研究,结果表明,超支化双重固化涂层经过潮气固化后,涂层表面的粗糙度随着树脂中硅氧烷端基的含量的增加先下降后上升;超支化双重固化涂层的物理性能和热稳定性都随着树脂中硅氧烷端基的含量的增加而提升.     

超支化聚(酯-酰胺)的合成与流变改性研究

近十几年来 ,超支化聚合物因具有独特的结构和特殊的性能而受到普遍关注[1] .超支化聚合物具有低的熔体粘度 ,与线性聚合物共混可显著改善其加工流变性 ,具有商业应用潜力 .关于超支化聚合物在流变改性方面的应用已有文献报道[2～ 6] ,但目前文献中的大多数单体合成较繁琐且收率不高 ,这已成为制约超支化聚合物应用的瓶颈 ,如何以简便的途径合成超支化聚合物已成为当前研究的重点 .本文设计一条新的合成路线 ,即以 1 ,2 ,4 苯三酸酐、乙醇胺及乙酸酐为原料 ,以高的收率得到了单体N ( 2 乙酰氧基乙基 ) N ( 2′ ,4′ 二羧基苯甲酰基 )胺 (…     

新型超支化聚芳烃的合成与性能研究

3,6-二乙炔基-9-(三苯胺基)-咔唑、4,4′-二乙炔基-4″-(咔唑基)-三苯胺双炔和1-辛炔单炔在CpCo(CO)2-hν催化的条件下合成了新型超支化聚芳烃.所得的聚合物都溶于普通溶剂(甲苯、THF、氯仿、二氯甲烷等).在光激发的条件下,聚合物在428 nm左右发射蓝光,其荧光量子效率达到62%.所有超支化聚合物都表现出优异的热稳定性,它们的起始分解温度高达484℃.     

两亲性超支化聚合物的研究进展

两亲性超支化聚合物作为一种新型功能性材料.近年来引起了人们的广泛关注.两亲性超支化聚合物的合成丰要是利用不同亲水性的链段对超支化聚合物端基进行改性,或者首先在超支化聚合物末端产生活性位点,再利用超支化分f作为大分子引发剂引发烯类单体进行斤环聚合、原子转移自由基聚合等得到以超支化聚合物为核的两亲性超支化共聚物;这些分子由...     

超支化共轭聚合物的合成性能及功能化研究

将超支化结构引入发光聚合物体系,合成了多种具有光、电功能的超支化共轭聚合物发光和化学传感器材料.主要结果如下:(1)这类聚合物溶解性好,热稳定性高.通过改变聚合物端基,可以调节聚合物的电子、空穴传输性质,控制聚合物膜的形貌,改善聚合物的光物理性质及器件的性能.如以吡啶基团为端基的超支化聚合物,固体膜中的荧光量子产率高达88%,不仅可以甩膜,还可以拉制LB膜,或通过自组装技术得到稳定均匀的功能性薄膜.     

Investigation on the Structure and Curing Performances of Secondary Amine Terminated Hyperbranched Poly（ester-amine）s

<正>Three secondary amine terminated hyperbranched poly(ester-amine)s(defined as HPEA1,HPEA2 and HPEA3)were synthesized from piperazine(A_2)and trimethylolpropane triacrylate(TMPTA,B_3)at their molar ratios of 2.5:1,2.25:1 and 2.0:1,respectively.The polymers were analyzed by ~1H NMR,GPC,DSC and TGA.The results indicated that the ratio of secondary amine to tertiary amine and the content of secondary amine decreased,while the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and glass transition temperature(T_g)increased from HPEA1 to HPEA3.Due to their reactive terminal groups and flexible chains,these polymers further reacted with an epoxy resin(E51)to form cured films under ambient conditions.With increasing the ratio between secondary amine groups and epoxy groups from 1:2 to 2:1,the gel content,film hardness and onset decomposing temperature of the cured samples increased.The good film performances should make the polymers as the components of non-solvent coating materials.     

Influence of alkyl chains of amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(ester amine)s on the phase‐transfer performances for acid dye and the aggregation behaviors at the interface

Hyperbranched poly(ester amine) (HPEA) with terminal secondary amine groups was synthesized by the Michael addition reaction between piperazine and trimethylolpropanetriacrylate with a molar ratio of 13:6. It was further reacted with a series of aliphatic acid chlorides, including stearoyl chloride, dodecanoyl chloride, and octanoyl chloride, to yield three modified amphiphilic hyperbranched polymers, which were termed HPEA‐C18, HPEA‐C12, and HPEA‐C8, respectively. These polymers were characterized with Fourier transform infrared, ¹H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. Because of the existence of interior tertiary amine groups, the modified amphiphilic polymers were used as host molecules to extract the guest acid dye, methyl orange (MO), from the aqueous layer to the organic layer on the basis of the acid–base interaction. The influences of the pH of the aqueous layer and the length of the alkyl chains in the modified polymers on the phase‐transfer performances were investigated. The results indicated that more MO molecules could be extracted at a lower pH because of the formation of more quaternary ammonium ions within the host molecules. As the length of the alkyl chains in the modified polymers increased, both the transfer capability and the intermolecular aggregation at the interface were enhanced. The extracted MO could be reversibly released from the organic layer to the aqueous layer under basic conditions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2921–2930, 2005     

超支化聚(酯-胺)分子结构及固化涂层性能研究

近年来,颜德岳等基于A2型单体二丙烯酸酯及BB2′型单体二胺化合物合成了多种端胺基超支化聚(酯-胺),并对反应机理及聚合物结构进行了系统研究[1,2],结果表明,由于B与B′活性差异,反应首先生成AB2′型和B4′型中间体,进一步聚合得到可溶性产物.我们基于A3型单体三丙烯酸酯与B2型单体二胺化合物合成了端丙烯酸酯基超支化聚(酯-胺)[3,4].在这些体系中,由于官能团反应活性高,难以控制反应程度.另外,由于超支化聚合物不能直接用作结构材料,其在涂料、粘合剂等领域的应用多基于末端官能团的固化反应[5].但通常由于官能团在分子表面密集分布,部…     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WELL-DEFINED BLOCK COPOLYMERS CONTAINING PENDANT, SELF-COMPLEMENTARY QUADRUPLE HYDROGEN BONDING SITES

The title block copolymer (defined as PSUEA) containing pendant,self-complementary quadruple hydrogen bonding sites has been prepared successfully by three steps.First,poly(styrene-b-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (defined as PSHEA) was prepared by living radical polymerizing 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) initiated by polystyrene (PSt) macro- initiator,which was prepared via nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) technique.After treated by excessive 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate (IPD...     

超支化聚(胺酯)的分子设计及其制备

以丙烯酸甲酯和二乙醇胺为原料由Michael加成反应制得N ,N 二羟乙基 3 胺基丙酸甲酯单体 ,再用“准一步法”和“发散法”使之与 1 ,1 ,1 三羟甲基丙烷 (核 )反应合成一种新型超支化聚 (胺 酯 ) .以核磁共振和元素分析方法对N ,N 二羟乙基 3 胺基丙酸甲酯单体的分子结构进行了表征 .GPC测定表明合成的超支化聚 (胺 酯 )分子量分布窄 ,具有单分散性 ;粘度小于同分子量的线形分子 ;耐热性能较好 ,失重温度高于2 0 0℃ .     

两亲性超支化聚(酯-胺)在染料相转移中的应用

具有树枝状结构的大分子由于其独特的结构、大量的分子内空穴、可修饰的表面端基及良好的溶解性，已被用作主体分子与客体分子进行复合，并在药物释放、纤维染色、印刷、传感器等方面显示良好的应用前景。通过长烷基链或氟碳链改性的两亲性树枝状分子可以将水溶性酸性染料     

Michael addition polymerizations of difunctional amines (AA′) and triacrylamides (B3)

Novel hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s containing tertiary amines on the backbones and acryl or secondary amines as the surface groups were successfully synthesized via the Michael addition polymerizations of a triacrylamide [1,3,5‐triacryloylhexahydro‐1,3,5‐triazine (TT)] and a difunctional amine [n‐butylamine (BA)] NMR techniques were used to clarify the structures of hyperbranched polymers and polymerization mechanism. The reactivity of the secondary amine formed in situ was much lower than that of the primary amines in BA. When the feed molar ratio was 1:1 TT/BA, the secondary amine formed in situ was almost kept out of the reaction before the BA (AA′) and TT (B₃) monomers were consumed, and this led to the formation of A′B₂ intermediates containing one secondary amine group and two acryl groups. The self‐polymerization of the A′B₂ intermediates produced hyperbranched polymers bearing acryl as surface groups. For the polymerization with the feed molar ratio of 1:2 TT/BA, A′₂B intermediates containing one acryl group and two secondary amine groups were accumulated until self‐polymerization started; the self‐polymerization of the intermediates formed hyperbranched polymers with secondary amines as their surface groups. Modifications of surface functional groups were studied to form new hyperbranched polymers. The hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s were amorphous. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6226–6242, 2006     

由聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚和甘油制备温敏性超支化聚合物

由聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚和甘油通过质子转移聚合(proton transfer polymerization)一步法制备了端羟基的温敏性超支化聚醚.聚合产物的分子量(Mn)在1.76×104~2.43×104之间,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)在-31.5~-26.7℃之间,热分解温度(Td)在367~376℃之间.通过控制聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚和甘油的投料比,实现了对温敏性超支化聚醚最低临界溶解温度(LCST)的调节,LCST可控制在28.3~39.6℃之间.