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1.
Second‐order Møller‐Plesset theory (MP2) has been used to calculate the equilibrium geometries and relative energies of the chair, 1,4‐twist, 2,5‐twist, 1,4‐boat, and 2,5‐boat conformations of thiacyclohexane 1‐oxide (tetrahydro‐2H‐thiopyran 1‐oxide), 4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide, cis‐ and trans‐4‐fluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide, and 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide. At the MP2/6‐311+G(d,p) level of theory, the chair conformer of axial thiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 0.99, 5.61, 5.91, 8.57, and 7.43 kcal/mol more stable (ΔE) than its respective equatorial chair, 1,4‐twist, and 2,5‐twist conformers and 1,4‐boat and 2,5‐boat transition states. The chair conformer of equatorial thiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 4.62, 6.31, 7.56, and 7.26 kcal/mol more stable (ΔE) than its respective 1,4‐twist and 2,5‐twist conformers and 1,4‐boat and 2,5‐boat transition states. The chair conformer of axial 4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 1.79, 4.26, 3.85, and 5.71 kcal/mol more stable (ΔE) than its respective equatorial chair, 1,4‐twist, and 2,5‐twist conformers and 2,5‐boat transition state. The 2,5‐twist conformer of axial 4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is stabilized by a transannular interaction between the sulfinyl oxygen and silicon, to give trigonal bipyramidal geometry at silicon. The chair conformer of equatorial 4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 2.47, 7.90, and 8.09 kcal/mol more stable (ΔE) than its respective 1,4‐twist, and 2,5‐twist conformers and 2,5‐boat transition state. The chair conformer of axial cis‐4‐fluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 4.18 and 5.70 kcal/mol more stable than its 1,4‐twist conformer and 2,5‐boat transition state and 1.51 kcal/mol more stable than the chair conformer of equatorial cis‐4‐fluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide. The chair conformer of axial trans‐4‐fluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 5.02 and 6.11 kcal/mol more stable than its respective 1,4‐twist conformer and 2,5‐boat transition state, but is less stable than its 2,5‐twist conformer (ΔE = ?1.77 kcal/mol) and 1,4‐boat transition state (ΔE = ?1.65 kcal/mol). The 2,5‐twist conformer and 1,4‐boat conformer of axial trans‐4‐fluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide are stabilized by intramolecular coordination of the sulfinyl oxygen with silicon that results in trigonal bipyramidal geometry at silicon. The chair conformer of axial 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is 3.02, 5.16, 0.90, and 6.21 kcal/mol more stable (ΔE) than its respective equatorial chair, 1,4‐twist, and 1,4‐boat conformers and 2,5‐boat transition state. The 1,4‐boat conformer of axial 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐silathiacyclohexane 1‐oxide is stabilized by a transannular coordination of the sulfinyl oxygen with silicon that results in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry at silicon. The relative energies of the conformers and transition states are discussed in terms of hyperconjugation, orbital interactions, nonbonded interactions, and intramolecular sulfinyl oxygen–silicon coordination. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005  相似文献   

2.
Two polymorphs of the title compound, (4R,5R,6R,7R)‐4,7‐bis­(hydroxy­methyl)‐1,3‐dioxepane‐5,6‐diol, C7H14O6, both have Z′ = 2 at 100 K, and differ in their hydrogen‐bonding patterns. The sodium iodide complex, NaI·C7H14O6, is isomorphous with the NaCl complex, and has the mannitol, cation and anion all lying on twofold axes. The dioxepane rings of all three mol­ecules are in the twist‐chair conformation.  相似文献   

3.
Based on 1H NMR spectral analysis combined with molecular simulation, conformational states of the cyclohexanone ring were studied for some 1R,4S‐2‐(4‐X‐benzylidene)‐p‐menthan‐3‐ones (X = COOCH3 or C6H5) in CDCl3 and C6D6. The co‐existence of chair conformers with an axial orientation of both alkyl substituents and twist‐boat forms was established for the compounds studied at room temperature (22–23° C). The substituent X does not influence appreciably the ratio of these conformers, but the fraction of twist‐boat forms increases noticeably in benzene solutions as compared with CDCl3 solutions. Rotameric states of the isopropyl fragment were also characterised for the compounds studied. Distinctions in conformational states for the 1R,4S‐2‐arylidene‐p‐menthan‐3‐ones and (?)‐menthone were revealed and are discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

4.
The title compound [systematic name: 7‐(2‐deoxy‐β‐d ‐erythro‐pentofuranosyl)‐7H‐imidazo[1,2‐c]pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine hemihydrate], 2C13H14N4O3·H2O or (I)·0.5H2O, shows two similar conformations in the asymmetric unit. These two conformers are connected through one water molecule by hydrogen bonds. The N‐glycosylic bonds of both conformers show an almost identical anti conformation with χ = −107.7 (2)° for conformer (I‐1) and −107.0 (2)° for conformer (I‐2). The sugar moiety adopts an unusual N‐type (C3′‐endo) sugar pucker for 2′‐deoxyribonucleosides, with P = 36.8 (2)° and τm = 40.6 (1)° for conformer (I‐1), and P = 34.5 (2)° and τm = 41.4 (1)° for conformer (I‐2). Both conformers and the solvent molecule participate in the formation of a three‐dimensional pattern with a `chain'‐like arrangement of the conformers. The structure is stabilized by intermolecular O—H...O and O—H...N hydrogen bonds, together with weak C—H...O contacts.  相似文献   

5.
The title compounds ( 2 and 4 ) obtained by the diastereoselective hydrogenation of the corresponding 1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophosphinine oxides ( 1 and 3 ) were subjected to a detailed quantum chemical study. The possible chair conformers were calculated at the HF/6‐31G* level of theory, according to which, the 1‐phenyl‐3‐P(O)Y2‐substituted products ( 2 ) exist in the trans1 form, in which all substituents are equatorial. At the same time, the 1‐ethoxy‐3‐dialkylphosphono compounds ( 4 ) adopt the cis conformations, in which the 1‐ethoxy group is axial and the 3‐P(O)(OR)2 moiety is equatorial. The major diastereomer ( 4–1 ) is cis3, in which the 5‐methyl group is axial, while the minor one is cis1 with an equatorial methyl substituent. It is noteworthy that the rotational position of the exocyclic P(O)Z2 function affected the energy content of the chair conformer to a high extent. The possibility of the involvement of the twist conformers was also considered. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 16:520–524, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/hc.20148  相似文献   

6.
In the title compound, cis‐[Pd(C5H14NP)2]Cl2·CH4O, the coordination geometry around the PdII center is distorted square planar, with a cis‐P2N2 configuration of the two chelating (3‐amino­prop­yl)dimethyl­phosphine (pdmp) ligands. The six‐membered pdmp chelate rings adopt chair conformations, and pairing of the chairs designates the complex cation as a (Cs)‐chair2 conformer. The distances between the PdII center and the Cl anions are greater than 4.5 Å, indicating no obvious inter­action.  相似文献   

7.
A second series of shape‐persistent alleno–acetylenic macrocycles and monodisperse acyclic oligomers with conformationally less flexible backbones were synthesized in enantiomerically pure form by short, high‐yielding routes starting from optically active 1,3‐diethynylallenes. All seven stereoisomers—two pairs of enantiomers and three achiral stereoisomers—in the macrocyclic series were separated and configurationally assigned. The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of the D2‐symmetric, (P,P,P,P)‐ and (M,M,M,M)‐configured macrocycles display remarkably intense chiroptical responses. A strong amplification of chirality is observed in the acyclic oligomeric series. Their preference for helical secondary structures of one handedness was supported by X‐ray analysis and computational studies. This new set of data provides proof that outstanding ECD responses are a hallmark of alleno–acetylenic macrocyclic and acyclic oligomeric chromophores.  相似文献   

8.
The properties of mono‐ and bis‐Ru–vinyl[6]helicene complexes ( 2 a and 2 b , respectively), recently synthesized by using molecular engineering of helicenes based on the grafting of lateral organometallic substituents on the π‐helical backbone through a vinyl bridge, are presented. These helicene derivatives are thoroughly characterized, with special attention given to their chiroptical properties and redox switching activity. The UV/Vis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of P and M enantiopure species, both in the neutral and oxidized states ([ 2 a ] . +, [ 2 b ] . +, and [ 2 b ]2+), are analyzed with the aid of quantum‐chemical calculations. The extended π‐conjugation facilitated by the vinyl moiety, clearly visible in the electronic structures of 2 a , b , introduces new active bands in the ECD spectra that consequently lead to a significant increase in optical rotation of Ru–vinylhelicenes compared with the organic precursors. The vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra were measured and calculated for both the organic and organometallic species and constitute the first examples of VCD for metal‐based helicene derivatives. Finally, the redox‐triggered chiroptical switching activity of 2 a , b is examined in detail by using ECD spectroscopy. The modifications of the ECD spectra in the UV/Vis and NIR region are well reproduced and rationalized by calculations.  相似文献   

9.
Chair, twist, and boat conformations of axial and equatorial 4‐fluoro‐4‐chloro‐ and 4‐fluoro‐4‐bromo‐4‐silathiacyclohexane S‐oxides have been calculated at the second‐order Møller–Plesset (MP2) and density functional theory (DFT) levels of theory. The 2,5‐twist and 1,4‐boat conformers of the axial sulfoxides are stabilized by transannular interaction between the sulfinyl oxygen and silicon to give trigonal bipyramidal geometry at silicon. The stability of conformers containing pentacoordinate silicon is governed by the balance of the transannular sulfinyl oxygen–silicon coordination, nonbonded H…H and O…Hlgax interactions, electronegativity of Hlgax and nucleofugality of Hlgeq, and may approach the stability of the lowest‐energy chair conformers. The effect of pentacoordination on the energy and geometry of Si‐halogenated 4‐silathiane S‐oxides is analyzed as a function of the halogen nature and position. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007  相似文献   

10.
In the title compound, C21H30O3, a potential inhibitor of aromatase, all rings are fused trans. Rings A and C have chair conformations which are slightly flattened, whereas the conformation of ring B is close to a half‐chair. Ring D has a 14α‐envelope conformation. The steroid nucleus has a small twist, as shown by the C19—C10⋯C13—C18 (steroid numbering) torsion angle of −6.9 (3)°. Ab initio calculations of the equilibrium geometry of the mol­ecule reproduce this small twist, which appears to be due to the conformation of ring B rather than to packing effects.  相似文献   

11.
The absolute configurations of spongia‐13(16),14‐dien‐3‐one [systematic name: (3bR,5aR,9aR,9bR)‐3b,6,6,9a‐tetramethyl‐4,5,5a,6,8,9,9a,9b,10,11‐decahydrophenanthro[1,2‐c]furan‐7(3bH)‐one], C20H28O2, (I), epispongiadiol [systematic name: (3bR,5aR,6S,7R,9aR,9bR)‐7‐hydroxy‐6‐hydroxymethyl‐3b,6,9a‐trimethyl‐3b,5,5a,6,7,9,9a,9b,10,11‐decahydrophenanthro[1,2‐c]furan‐8(4H)‐one], C20H28O4, (II), and spongiadiol [systematic name: (3bR,5aR,6S,7S,9aR,9bR)‐7‐hydroxy‐6‐hydroxymethyl‐3b,6,9a‐trimethyl‐3b,5,5a,6,7,9,9a,9b,10,11‐decahydrophenanthro[1,2‐c]furan‐8(4H)‐one], C20H28O4, (III), were assigned by analysis of anomalous dispersion data collected at 130 K with Cu Kα radiation. Compounds (II) and (III) are epimers. The equatorial 3‐hydroxyl group on the cyclohexanone ring (A) of (II) is syn with respect to the 4‐hydroxymethyl group, leading to a chair conformation. In contrast, isomer (III), where the 3‐hydroxyl group is anti to the 4‐hydroxymethyl group, is conformationally disordered between a major chair conformer where the OH group is axial and a minor boat conformer where it is equatorial. In compound (I), a carbonyl group is present at position 3 and ring A adopts a distorted‐boat conformation.  相似文献   

12.
In the crystal structure of the l ‐His–cIMP complex, i.e.l ‐histidinium inosine 3′:5′‐cyclic phosphate [systematic name: 5‐(2‐amino‐2‐carboxyethyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium 7‐hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐6‐(6‐oxo‐6,9‐dihydro‐1H‐purin‐9‐yl)‐4a,6,7,7a‐tetrahydro‐4H‐1,3,5,2λ5‐furo[3,2‐d][1,3,2λ5]dioxaphosphinin‐2‐olate], C6H10N3O2+·C10H10N4O7P, the Hoogsteen edge of the hypoxanthine (Hyp) base of cIMP and the Hyp face are engaged in specific amino acid–nucleotide (His...cIMP) recognition, i.e. by abutting edge‐to‐edge and by π–π stacking, respectively. The Watson–Crick edge of Hyp and the cIMP phosphate group play a role in nonspecific His...cIMP contacts. The interactions between the cIMP anions (anti/C3′–endo/transgauche/chair conformers) are realized mainly between riboses and phosphate groups. The results for this l ‐His–cIMP complex, compared with those for the previously reported solvated l ‐His–IMP crystal structure, indicate a different nature of amino acid–nucleotide recognition and interactions upon the 3′:5′‐cyclization of the nucleotide phosphate group.  相似文献   

13.
The title compound 4 , i.e. 9‐chloro‐4,5‐dihydro‐2‐ethyl‐1‐(2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazolo[3,2‐d]‐[1,5]benzoxazepinium hexachloroantimonate, is a novel 6‐7‐5 tricyclic heterocycle. C18H14Cl4N3O·SbCJ6, M = 764.61, P21/c(#14), a = 13.457(4), b = 11.583(2), c = 18.992(3) Å α = 90, β = 110.11(1)°, Z = 4, V = 2780(1) Å3, Dc = 1.827 g/cc, μ (MoKα) = 19.69 cm?1, F(000) = 1488.00, T = 293 K, Rint = 0.055 for 3094 independent reflections with I>3.00σ(I). The five‐membered heterocyclic ring is nearly planar, with the trichlorophenyl ring at N(2) almost perpendicular to it. However, the seven‐membered ring is not planar, but adopts a twist‐boat conformation.  相似文献   

14.
The structures of two compounds which are intermediates in the synthesis of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids have been determined. (8bS,13aS,14R,14aR)‐8b,9,11,12,13,13a,14,14a‐Octa­hydro‐14‐hydroxy‐2,3,6,7‐tetra­methoxy­dibenzo­[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2‐b]­isoquinolin‐11‐one acetone solvate, C24H27NO6·C3H6O, (II), crystallizes in a chiral space group with one solvent mol­ecule (acetone) present in the asymmetric unit. On the other hand, (8bS,13aS,14S,14aR)‐8b,9,11,12,13,13a,14,14a‐octa­hydro‐14‐hydroxy‐2,3,6,7‐tetra­methoxy­dibenzo­[f,h]pyrrolo[1,2‐b]­isoquinolin‐11‐one, C24H27NO6, (III), crystallizes in a centrosymmetric space group with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit and with no solvent present. The two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of (III) are structurally the same. Compounds (II) and (III) are epimers at the C atom carrying the OH group; otherwise they are very similar in structure.  相似文献   

15.
2,5‐Bis[4‐methyl‐3‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)phenyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (L), C26H20N4O, forms one‐dimensional chains via two types of intermolecular π–π interactions. In catena‐poly[[dichloridozinc(II)]‐μ‐2,5‐bis[4‐methyl‐3‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)phenyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole], [ZnCl2(C26H20N4O)]n, synthesized by the combination of L with ZnCl2, the ZnII centres are coordinated by two Cl atoms and two N atoms from two L ligands. [ZnCl2L]n forms one‐dimensional P (plus) and M (minus) helical chains, where the L ligand has different directions of twist. The helical chains stack together via interchain π–π and C—H...π interactions.  相似文献   

16.
The structure of trans‐[Cr(tn)2Br2]ClO4 (tn = propane‐1, 3‐diamine) has been determined by a single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction study at 100 K. The complex crystallizes in the space group P$\bar{1}$ of the triclinic system with two mononuclear formula units in a cell of dimensions a = 6.8220(4), b = 8.86199(9), c = 12.6644(8) Å and α = 77.859(7)°, β = 81.765(6)°, and γ = 77.764(7)°. The chromium atom is in a slightly distorted octahedral environment coordinated by four nitrogen atoms of two tn ligands and two bromine atoms in trans positions. The two six‐membered chelate rings in the complex cations are oriented in an anti chair‐chair conformation with respect to each other. The mean Cr–N(tn) and Cr–Br bonds are 2.093(3) and 2.4681(4) Å, respectively. The crystal packing is stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The infrared and electronic absorption spectral properties are consistent with the result of X‐ray crystallography. It is confirmed that the nitrogen atoms of the tn ligand are strong σ‐donors, but the bromido ligands have weak σ‐ and π‐donor properties toward the chromium(III) ion.  相似文献   

17.
In both 2,5‐dimethyl‐6,7‐dihydrobenzo[h]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]quinazoline, C16H15N3, (I), and 2‐tert‐butyl‐5‐methyl‐6,7‐dihydrobenzo[h]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]quinazoline, C19H21N3, (II), which crystallizes with Z′ = 2 in the space group P, the non‐aromatic carbocyclic rings adopt screw‐boat conformations. The molecules of (I) are linked into chains of rings by a combination of C—H...N and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds, while in (II) there are no hydrogen bonds of any kind.  相似文献   

18.
A novel organic-inorganic hybrid compound {[Cu(2,2′-bpy)2]2Mo8O26} has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group, Pna21,with a=2.4164(5),b=1.8281(4),c=1.1877(2)nm,V=5.247(2)nm^3,Z=4,and final R1=0.0331,wR2=0.0727.The structure consists of discrete {[Cu(2,2′-bpy)2]2Mo8O26} clusters,constructed from a β-octamolybdate subunit[Mo8O26]^4- covalently bonded to two [Cu(2,2′-bpy)2]^2 coordination complex cations via bridging oxo groups.In addition,the spectroscopic properties and thernal behavior of this compound have been investigated by spectroscopic techniques (UV-vis,IR,Raman and EPR spectra) and TG analysis.  相似文献   

19.
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of 1,1,3,3‐Tetramethylimidazolinium Dichloride and 1,1,4‐Trimethylpiperazinium Chloride Single crystals of 1,1,3,3‐tetramethylimidazolinium dichloride ( 1 ) and 1,1,4‐trimethylpiperazinium chloride ( 2 ) were obtained by reaction of CH2Cl2 with tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and NNN′N″N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), respectively. Both compounds are characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction and by IR spectroscopy. 1: [C7H18N2]Cl2, space group P21/c, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at 193(2) K: a = 821.97(11), b = 1130.38(8), c = 1143.08(13) pm, β = 100.348(15)°, R1 = 0.0271. The C7N2 heterocyclic ring has envelope conformation like other salts with this dication. 2: [C7H17N2]Cl, space group P212121, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at 100(2) K: a = 1030.37(8), b = 1036.55(6), c = 831.39(4) pm, R1 = 0.0180. Although the heterocyclic mono‐cation is without site symmetry in the crystal, its molecular symmetry is close to Cs, forming chair conformation of the C4N2 six‐membered ring.  相似文献   

20.
Two unprecedented mixed BIII/PV complexes of meso‐triaryl 25‐oxasmaragdyrins were synthesized in appreciable yields under mild reaction conditions. These unusual 25‐oxasmaragdyrin complexes containing one or two seven‐membered heterocyclic rings comprised of five different atoms (B, C, N, O, and P) were prepared by reacting B(OH)(Ph)‐smaragdyrin and B(OH)2‐smaragdyrin complexes, respectively, with POCl3 in toluene at reflux temperature. The products were characterized by HRMS and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. X‐ray crystallography of one of the mixed BIII/PV smaragdyrin complexes indicated that the macrocycle is significantly distorted and contains a stable seven‐membered heterocyclic ring within the macrocycle. The bands in the absorption and emission spectra were bathochromically shifted with reduced quantum yields and singlet‐state lifetimes relative to the free base, meso‐triaryl 25‐oxasmaragdyrin. The mixed BIII/PV complexes were difficult to oxidize but easier to reduce than the free base. The DFT‐optimized structure of the 25‐oxasmaragdyrin complex with two seven‐membered heterocycles indicated that it was a bicyclic spiro compound with two half‐chair‐like conformers. This was in contrast to the chair‐like conformation of the complex with a single seven‐membered heterocyclic ring. Moreover, incorporation of a second phosphate group in the former case stabilized the bonding geometry and resulted in higher stability, which was reflected in the bathochromic shift of the absorption spectra, more‐positive oxidation potential, and less‐negative reduction potential.  相似文献   

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