Three-dimensional instability of an oscillating viscous flow past a circular cylinder

IntroductionTheunsteadyflowpastacircularcylinderhasreceivedagreatdealofattentionowingmainlytoitstheoreticalandpracticalsignificance .Theflowgeneratedbytheoscillationofthecylinder,oroscillatingflowsaroundthecylinder,canbecharacterizedbytwoparameters.OneistheKeulegan_Carpenternumber,definedasKC =UmT/D ,andtheotheristheReynoldsnumberRe=UmD/ν,orafrequencyparameter,definedasβ=D2 / (νT) =Re/KC) ,whichisoftenusedtoreplacetheReynoldsnumberasthesecondparameter.Here,Umisthemaximumvelocityofth…     

Formation of the free surface of a viscous fluid volume inside a rotating horizontal cylinder

Two-dimensional viscous flow with a free surface in a horizontal cylinder rotating at a constant speed is investigated numerically using the boundary element method. It is shown that in the initial stage of rotation of the cylinder four different variants of the behavior of the free surface can be realized in the stage of transition from horizontal to steady-state form.     

Nonlinear vibrations of an elastic disk rotating in a viscous fluid

Summary The von Kármán equations are extended to the dynamic case and to manifest the effects of the viscosity of fluid in which the motion takes place. The hydrodynamic aspect of the problem is analyzed and the flow pattern based on the von Kármán solution derived. The system of two nonlinear coupled differential equations is solved for weakened boundary conditions using the Galerkin procedure. A numerical example given for the mode of two nodal diameters and no nodal circles shows that: (a) the period of linear vibrations, T, is markedly increased by the presence of the viscous fluid; (b) the ratio T ^*/T(T ^* = period of nonlinear vibrations) decreases with an increasing amplitude, increases with an increasing speed of rotation, and increases with conversion to vacuum.

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Nichtlineare Schwingungen einer in einer viskosen Flüssigkeit rotierenden, elastischen Scheibe

Übersicht Die von Kármánschen Gleichungen werden auf den dynamischen Fall erweitert, und der Einfluß der Viskosität der Flüssigkeit, in der die Scheibe rotiert, wird in die Untersuchung einbezogen. Dabei werden sowohl der hydrodynamische als auch der elastodynamische Aspekt des Problems behandelt. Das System von zwei nichtlinearen, gekoppelten Differentialgleichungen wird mit Hilfe des Verfahrens von Galerkin für abgeschwächte Randbedingungen gelöst.Ein numerisches Beispiel für zwei Knotendurchmesser und keine Knotenkreise zeigt: a) die Schwingungsdauer T der linearen Schwingungen wird durch die viskose Flüssigkeit beträchtlich erhöht; b) das Verhältnis T ^*/T (T ^* = Periode der nichtlinearen Schwingungen) nimmt mit wachsender Amplitude ab, wächst mit steigender Drehzahl und wächst beim Übergang zu Vakuum.

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This work was partially supported by the University of Delaware     

Rotating cylinder in a flowing viscous incompressible fluid

New results are obtained in the problem of flow of a viscous fluid past a rotating cylinder by numerical solution of the Navier—Stokes equations for Reynolds numbers 10 Re 100. The drag and lift have been calculated. The oscillatory flow regime in the wake behind a fixed cylinder is investigated for Re = 80. The Strouhal number for auto-oscillations is 0.16.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 1, pp. 16–21, January–February, 1982.I am grateful to G. I. Petrov and V. Ya. Shkadov for constant interest in the work and helpful discussions.     

Motion of two viscous immiscible incompressible liquids in a rotating cylinder

The shape of the interface is determined using the boundary layer method and the position of the center of mass of the liquid and the value of the braking torque exerted by the liquid on the walls of the rotating cylinder are calculated.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 1, pp. 92–99. January–February, 1990.     

Supersonic viscous perfect gas flow past a circular cylinder

The complete Navier-Stokes equations are used to calculate supersonic perfect gas flow past a circular isothermal cylinder by the method described in [1]. The effects of the Mach number M=2.5–10 and the Reynolds number Re=30-10⁵ on the flowfield structure and heat transfer to the cylinder wall are investigated. Special attention is paid to the study of the near wake and the local characteristics on the leeward side of the cylinder.Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No.6, pp. 107–115, November–December, 1993.     

Hydrodynamic instability of separated viscous flow around a circular cylinder

A uniform viscous flow around a circular cylinder is studied numerically in the Reynolds number range from 0 to 500. It is shown that the existence and the basic properties of self-oscillating regimes are specified by the evolution of their hydrodynamic instability. It is found that the vortex formation in a near wake is associated with the separation zone dynamics in the main flow. The values of critical Reynolds numbers for the four successive bifurcations of the self-oscillating regimes of flow are obtained. An interpretation of experimental data on the vortices in the near wake is discussed.     

Motion of a circular cylinder in a viscous liquid between parallel plates

The two-dimensional motion of a cylinder in a viscous fluid between two parallel walls of a vertical channel is studied. It is found that when the cylinder moves very closely along one of the channel walls, it always rotates in the direction opposite to that of contact rolling along the nearest wall. When the cylinder is away from the walls, its rotation depends on the Reynolds number of the flow. In this study two numerical methods were used. One is for the unsteady motion of a sedimenting cylinder initially released from a position close to one of the channel walls, where the Navier-Stokes equations are solved for the fluid and Newton's equations of motion are solved for the rigid cylinder. The other method is for the steady flow in which a cylinder is fixed in a uniform flow field where the channel walls are sliding past the cylinder at the speed of the approaching flow, or equivalently a cylinder is moving with a constant velocity in a quiescent fluid. The flow field, the drag, the side force (lift), and the torque experienced by the cylinder are studied in detail. The effects of the cylinder location in the channel, the size of the channel relative to the cylinder diameter, and the Reynolds number of the flow are examined. In the limit when the cylinder is translating very closely along one of the walls, the flow in the gap between the cylinder and the wall is solved analytically using lubrication theory, and the numerical solution in the other region is used to piece together the whole flow field.This research was supported by NSF DMR91-20668 through the Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter at the University of Pennsylvania and from the Research Foundation of the University of Pennsylvania.     

Heat transfer from a circular cylinder rotating about an orthogonal axis in quiescent air

Direct measurements of local heat flux and temperature from rotating cylinders have been carried out using Gardon type foil heat flux sensors and a power supply cum instrumentation slip ring set up. The local and average heat transfer results are presented covering a rotational Reynolds number range of 2 × 10⁴ to 6.2 x 10⁴ corresponding to the speeds varying from 400 to 1,400 rpm. A correlation has been derived for peripherally averaged values of Nusselt numbers: . The values of surface average Nusselt number for the cylinder under the present rotating conditions are found to be higher than for a stationary cylinder in crossflow and for a cylinder rotating about its own axis, in the range of present experiments.Research scholar on leave from Faculty of Engineering, Port Said, Egypt     

Vortex shedding flow behind a slowly rotating circular cylinder

This paper investigates flow past a rotating circular cylinder at 3600?Re?5000 and α?2.5. The flow parameter α is the circumferential speed at the cylinder surface normalized by the free-stream velocity of the uniform cross-flow. With particle image velocimetry (PIV), vortex shedding from the cylinder is clearly observed at α<1.9. The vortex pattern is very similar to the vortex street behind a stationary circular cylinder; but with increasing cylinder rotation speed, the wake is observed to become increasing narrower and deflected sideways. Properties of large-scale vortices developed from the shear layers and shed into the wake are investigated with the vorticity field derived from the PIV data. The vortex formation length is found to decrease with increasing α. This leads to a slow increase in vortex shedding frequency with α. At α=0.65, vortex shedding is found to synchronize with cylinder rotation, with one vortex being shed every rotation cycle of the cylinder. Vortex dynamics are studied at this value of α with the phase-locked eduction technique. It is found that although the shear layers at two different sides of the cylinder possess unequal vorticity levels, alternating vortices subsequently shed from the cylinder to join the two trains of vortices in the vortex street pattern exhibit very little difference in vortex strength.     

Convection of a heat-generating fluid in a rotating horizontal cylinder

Thermal convection of a fluid in a horizontal cylinder rotating about its own axis with uniformly volume-distributed internal heat sources is experimentally investigated. The enclosure boundary temperature was kept constant. The threshold of the excitation of convective flows and their structure are studied as functions of the heat-release intensity and the rotation velocity. The experiments are performed with water and water-glycerin solutions. It is shown that rapidly rotating fluid is in a stable quasiequilibrium state, namely, the temperature distribution is axisymmetric and has a maximum at the center of the enclosure. It is found that with decrease in the rotation velocity a convective flow arises thresholdwise, in the form of vortex cells periodically arranged along the axis. The thermal convection in the rotating enclosure is shown to be determined by the effects of two different mechanisms. One of these is due to the centrifugal force of inertia and plays the stabilizing role, while the other, thermovibrational mechanism is connected with nonisothermal fluid oscillations under the action of gravity in the enclosure-fitted reference frame and is responsible for the occurrence of mean thermal convection. The boundaries of the convection generation are plotted in the plane of the governing dimensionless parameters and the heat transfer in the supercritical region is studied.     

Unsteady motion of a rigid cylinder in a compressible viscous fluid

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