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1.
The 2D multifluid code TECXY has been used to model the experimental biasing of the toroidal belt limiter ALT-II on the tokamak TEXTOR-94 with respect to the first wall. It is well known that the edge flow pattern can be influenced by the poloidal electric drifts from imposing radial electric fields. The modelling with TECXY introduces imprinted bias currents in the scrape-off layer for the case of negative (limiter) biasing, and imprinted bias potentials for the case of positive biasing. This allows to simulate sufficiently well the experimental current-voltage characteristics for either biasing and also reproduces the essential features and trends of the observed plasma profiles in the SOL. A moderate negative biasing is found to be optimal for the exhaust efficiency of the pump limiter.  相似文献   

2.
Polarized memory, i.e., the memory in which switching between ON and OFF states depends on the polarity of bias voltage has been found in point contact diodes on single crystals of CdSe, CdS, CdTe, GaAs and GaP. The detailed features of switching characteristics depend on the choice of metals for the point contact electrode, on the sharpness of the contact and also on the resistance of the current limiter in the circuit. Observation of the transients between ON and OFF has also been performed.  相似文献   

3.
The high-energy current of runaway electrons during a major disruption in tokamak reactors can cause serious damage to the first wall of the reactors and reduce their life time. Therefore, finding a method to minimize runaway electron generation during a major disruption is much needed. Tokamak limiter biasing is one of the methods that can be used for controlling the radial electric field and can induce a transition to an improved confinement state. This paper attempts to examine the effect of limiter biasing on the generation of runaway electrons during a major disruption. To do so, a horizontal biased limiter placed on the tokamak was used. Main parameters such as plasma current, loop voltage, emitted hard X-ray intensity, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) oscillation and Hα radiation and spectrum of hard X-rays, in the presence and absence of negative and positive limiter biasing, were measured. The results show that the application of limiter biasing during a major disruption can reduce runaway electron generation.  相似文献   

4.
研究应用于三相电力系统中新型桥路型高温超导故障限流器.正常工作情况,在电桥上引入直流偏置电流,不出现限流现象.在短路故障情况,整流桥中的直流偏流影响限流效果,将二极管和偏压电源从限流器中退出运行,超导线圈的电感能限制故障电流峰值和稳态值,利用限流电阻与超导线圈串联限流,进一步提高其限流能力.分析了限流器的工作原理和限流特性.仿真结果表明,该限流器有很好的限流和重合闸能力,能显著减少暂态及稳态的故障电流,有效提高系统动态稳定性和电网电能质量.  相似文献   

5.
In this paper, an emissive-biased limiter (EBL) was designed and fabricated then the magneto hydrodynamic activity was investigated based on Mirnov oscillations and hard X-ray spectroscopy through the tokamak plasma biasing. The EBL is positioned at r/a=0.92, and the biased voltage, which is varied from?250 to 250 V, applied between the head of the emissive limiter and vacuum chamber. Furthermore, the effects of the biased limiter for both negative and positive applied voltages are measured, and the results are compared with cold-biased limiter. As the results of IR-T1 tokamak suggest, in emissive negative polarity, the duration of plasma current is increased, compared with no bias, cold positive and emissive positive polarities. The amplitude of Mirnov fluctuations in emissive negative polarity is larger and more regular, compared with emissive positive polarity. The amplitude of the hard X-ray fluctuation in emissive negative polarity is very low compared with cold negative, cold positive and emissive positive polarities which leads to minimum energy loss.  相似文献   

6.
Guo J  Chang TY  McMichael I  Ma J  Hong JH 《Optics letters》1999,24(14):981-983
An optical power limiter is a self-actuating nonlinear optical device that transmits low-intensity light and blocks high-intensity light. A light-controlled electro-optic power limiter that uses a Bi(12)SiO(20) crystal has been demonstrated. The threshold light intensity is determined by the control light and can be set to any desired level. The response time of the light-controlled electro-optic power limiter is of the order of 1 ms.  相似文献   

7.
The impurity flux in the limiter shadow region of the T-10 tokamak has been studied by exposing a solid probe to the plasma and subsequent investigation of deposits by surface analysis techniques. The main constitutents of the inner construction materials of T-10 could be detected by AES and SIMS. The deposited amount of impurities has been shown to rise with a decrease of the distance between probe and plasma. Long term observations of the metal impurity composition in the limiter shadow region by means of the deposition probe have shown a gradual decrease of the relative Ni concentration, which is explained as a successive deposition of stainless steel limiter material on the Inconel liner. The observed spatial asymmetry of the impurity flux and the deposition profiles for different elements on the probe are discussed.  相似文献   

8.
The effect of the positive bias on Reynolds stress(RS) and its effect on the radial turbulent transport at the edge plasma(r/a = 0.9) and scrape-off layer(SOL) region of plasma in tokamak are investigated.The radial and poloidal electric fields(E_T,E_p) and ion saturation current(I_s) are measured by multi-purpose probe(MPP).This probe is fabricated and constructed for the first time in the IR-Tl tokamak.The most advantage of this probe is that the variations of E_T and E_p can be measured in different radii at the single shot.Thus the information of different radii can be compared with high precision.The bias voltage is fixed at V_(bias) = 200 V and it has been applied with the limiter bias that is fixed in r/a = 0.9.Moreover,the phase difference between radial and poloidal electric fields,and temporal evolution of the RS spectrum detected by MPP are calculated.RS magnitude on the edge(r/a = 0.9) is more than its vaiue in the SOL(r/a = 1.02).With the applied bias 200 V,RS and the magnitude of the phase difference between E_T and E_p are increased,while the radial turbulent transport is decreased simultaneously.Thus it can be concluded that RS affects radial turbulence.Temporal evolution of the RS spectrum shows that the frequency of RS is increased and reaches its highest value at r/a=0.9 in the presence of bias.  相似文献   

9.
PIN限幅器PSpice模拟与实验研究   总被引:3,自引:9,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
 从PIN二极管基区双极载流子扩散方程出发,通过拉普拉斯变换求解得到PIN二极管子电路模型,从而通过PSpice软件瞬态数值模拟得到了PIN限幅器的尖峰泄漏、平顶泄漏与脉冲功率、上升时间关系。对于I层厚度一定的限幅器,模拟与实验表明脉冲前沿越大,尖峰泄漏功率插入损耗越大,脉冲前沿过缓则可能没有尖峰泄漏现象;尖峰泄漏功率随着输入功率的增加而变大,但尖峰泄漏功率插损也随之增大;尖峰脉冲宽度与I层厚度、输入功率及脉冲前沿均有关系。限幅器尖峰泄漏与平顶泄漏模拟结果与实验数据基本一致。  相似文献   

10.
The correlation between the efficiency of plasma biasing and the position of a localized limiter has been investigated. It has been found that two distinct zones of limiter position can be distinguished in ISTTOK plasma: Far-zone at r lim > 7.2 cm, and Close-zone at r lim < 7.2 cm. The strongest modifications of edge plasma potential take place for both positive and negative limiter biasing when it is positioned inside Close-zone. The transition between zones is correlated with effective screening of the wall by the limiter, being more efficient as it is immersed deeper into the plasma. The indicative difference between zones can be a difference of non-ambipolar fluxes flowed onto short-circuited limiter: mostly positive (ion) inside Far-zone, and mostly negative (electron) inside Close-zone.Presented at the Workshop Electric Fields Structures and Relaxation in Edge Plasmas, Nice, France, October 26–27, 2004.  相似文献   

11.
环带阶梯形光栅限幅器的光场分布   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
 设计了一种环带阶梯形光栅限幅器,理论推导并数值模拟了光束通过该限幅器后在限幅光阑平面上的光场分布,定量分析了光强分布随光栅参数的变化规律。结果表明:环带阶梯型光栅实际上是一种闪耀光栅,选择合适的结构参量,可使能量集中分布在偏离光阑中心较远且宽度较大的圆形环带上;亮环位置由光栅递增厚度、光栅周期等参量确定;衍射最亮环位置随光栅递增厚度的增加周期性改变,当递增厚度满足一定条件时,最亮环位置与入射激光波长无关,这对设计多波段的光限幅器比较有利。  相似文献   

12.
为了实现HL-2A 装置孔栏位移自动控制,根据步进电机的应用原理,设计了孔栏位移自动控制系统。选用两相混合式步进电机,采用S7- 300PLC 作为主控制器,FM453 作为步进电机的定位模块,实现了对孔栏步进电机的驱动、控制与检测。同时完成了与上位机的通信,实现了对HL-2A 装置孔栏位移设置和数据显示等功能。  相似文献   

13.
In order to realize automatic control of HL-2A limiter displacement?? an automatic control system of limiter displacement has been designed. The two-phase hybrid stepper motor was adopted. The S7- 300PLC was used as the main controller and the FM453 was used as the positioning module of the stepping motor. The drive, control and detection of the stepping motor have been realized. At the same time, the communication with the host computer was completed, and the functions such as the limiter displacement settings and data display of the HL-2A tokamak have been achieved.  相似文献   

14.
在研究直流混合型高温超导限流器和失超型桥式高温超导限流器原理的基础上,提出了一种新型单相直流混合型高温超导限流器.实验表明该限流器有较好的限流能力,MATLAB仿真结果也表明该限流器模型设计参数准确,限流效果明显.说明新型直流混合型高温超导限流器对限制短路电流和提高系统的稳定运行具有十分重要的意义.  相似文献   

15.
HL—1装置等离子体粒子平衡的光谱研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
本文描述HL-1装置器壁碳化,观察了碳化前后氢的约束时间和再循环现象,同时还观察了加抽气孔栏条件下粒子约束时间和再循环的变化。实验表明,碳化后氢的再循环增大,使用抽气孔栏可以控制壁附近边缘等离子体的粒子密度,粒子约束时间比不用抽气孔栏增大17.7%,再循环系数减小13.2%。  相似文献   

16.
电阻型超导故障限流器(R-SFCL)结构简单、限流效果好等优点,在电力系统中具有广阔的应用前景.超导故障限流器的发展经历了实验级、配电级、输电级样机研制等阶段.随着超导限流器容量不断攀升,由于单根材料性能的限制,不可避免在系统中会采用大量的串并联方式.带材的临界电流和耐瞬态冲击能力决定着一个限流器在额定电流通流下和过流冲击下的并联支路数.带材的失超电阻决定着一个限流器在一定故障电流抑制率下的串联支路数.通过分析目前REBCO超导带材的参数和典型的限流器设计参数,发现了超导带材电流和耐过流冲击相差近3倍的关系.本文提出了一种宽的不锈钢封装窄的超导带结构,目的是让不锈钢的宽度与超导带材的宽度保持在3倍的关系,以贴合部分限流器的需求.经过测试,结果显示低成本新结构的超导带材瓶颈性能保有原结构带材的91.3%,成本下降一半,这对未来电阻型超导限流器成本的降低来说是一个非常好的选项.  相似文献   

17.
The influence of limiter biasing on plasma confinement, turbulence and plasma flows has been investigated in the TJ-II stellarator. Experimental results show that it is possible to modify global particle confinement and edge plasma parameters with both positive and negative biasing. Significant and minor modifications in the structure of plasma fluctuations have been observed during the transition to improved confinement regimes induced by limiter biasing. These results show evidence of electric field induced improved confinement via multiple mechanisms. The investigation of the relaxation of plasma potential and electric fields shows evidence of two different characteristic decay times.  相似文献   

18.
Parts of a stainless steel limiter used in the T-10 tokamak for about 1000 discharges have been analyzed by several standard analysis techniques as SEM, EDS, SAM, AES, RBS and SIMS with respect to modifications of surface structure and chemical composition. Erosion phenomena due to melting and evaporation, arcing, and sputtering could be observed on limiter parts exposed to the plasma flux. In these regions the chemical composition was changed only slightly, whereas in regions shielded by other internal structures of T-10 impurity layers with a thickness up to about 3000 Å were deposited. Additionally on the limiter surface there has been found a considerable number of microscopic particles. They seem to originate from different internal components of T-10, as the fixed W/Mo-limiter, a Ti-anode, and Inconel made parts of the vessel.  相似文献   

19.
本文介绍了单相基本桥型高温超导限流器的基本工作原理,及其参数变化对限流特性的影响.在此基础上研究应用于电力系统中的改进桥路型高温超导故障限流器实验室样机,正常工作情况,在电桥上引入直流偏置电流,不出现限流现象;短路故障情况,整流桥中的直流偏流影响限流效果,在桥路上引入限流电阻,使故障电流限制到预定的范围.研究了该限流器的工作原理,分析限流参数的变化对其限流特性的影响.实验表明,该限流器有很好的限流和重合闸能力,能显著减少暂态及稳态的故障电流。  相似文献   

20.
艾邦成  张亮  陈智 《计算物理》2018,35(5):545-553
基于极值原理分析非结构网格多维限制器的构造准则,通过引入约束位置和约束模板的定义,将非结构网格多维限制器构造方法统一化,并以此为基础提出一种新型非结构网格多维限制器.通过典型算例计算与已有限制器进行比较.结果表明:对于包含激波、接触间断等复杂波系干扰流动,新型多维限制器在保证数值稳定的条件下具有更低的数值耗散,对于复杂波系结构具有更高的流动分辨率.  相似文献   

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