5-氟脲嘧啶的β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷的合成

5-氟脲嘧及其衍生物是目前临床上广泛使用的抗代谢类抗癌药物, 主要适用于消化道癌、乳腺癌、肺癌等, 但具有一定的毒性, 主要表现为骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应。我们以Koenigs-Knorr法和相转催化法合成了5-氟脲嘧啶的两种类型(-N型, -O型)的半乳吡喃糖苷。这些糖苷类化合物在体内糖苷的作用下, 有可能缓慢地分解释放出5-氟脲嘧啶, 降低其毒性, 提高抑瘤效果。     

N~1羟烷基-5-氟尿嘧啶和α-5-氟尿嘧啶-N~1-二羧酸的研究

5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)是一种广谱性的抗肿瘤药物,其主要缺点是脂溶性小,口服吸收困难,毒副作用较大。为此,多年来,对5-FU进行了大量的化学修饰工作。已成功用于临床的5-FU衍生物主要有呋喃啶(FT-207),双呋喃啶(Thf_2-5-FU)、氟尿嘧啶脱氧核苷(FUDR)及卡莫氟(HCFU)等。在前文中,我们报道了1,3-二羟烷基-5-氟尿嘧啶和氨基酸短肽负载的5-氟尿嘧啶的合成及其抗肿瘤活性。     

环糊精基的金属有机骨架的合成及负载5-氟尿嘧啶的研究

用溶剂热法合成了基于环糊精的金属有机骨架化合物(Na-CD-MOF),采用X-射线单晶衍射、红外光谱和元素分析进行了结构表征.以5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)为模型药物,研究了Na-CD-MOF的细胞毒性和载药及体外释药的能力.研究结果表明,新合成的Na-CD-MOF对5-FU的负载量最大为1.18g/g,且具有明显的缓释作用.体外细胞毒性实验表明,Na-CD-MOF具有良好的生物相容性,有望成为一种绿色的药物载体.     

高分子药物研究——Ⅱ.主链含5-氟脲嘧啶聚酯的合成

本文报道主链含5-氟脲嘧啶聚酯的合成及抗动物肿瘤初步试验。将5-氟脲嘧啶在二甲基甲酰胺中与无水碳酸钾作用,所生成的5-氟脲嘧啶钾盐随即与双氯乙酸二醇酯进行共缩聚,得到了6种主链含5-氟脲嘧啶的聚酯。同时还合成了三种新的双氯代乙酸二醇酯单体。     

新型1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-3-[(O,O-二烷基)膦酰基甲氧羰基甲基]-5-氟尿嘧啶的合成

5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)是抗代谢类抗癌药,但由于其脂溶性小,选择性较差,毒副作用较大,限制了它的广泛使用.为了提高其疗效,降低毒副作用,人们向5-FU分子内引入亲脂性基团,合成了前药替加氟[1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-5-氟尿嘧啶]和HCFU(1-己基氨基甲酰基-5-氟尿嘧啶).有机磷化合物是一类生命过程中极其重要的物质,生命体内进行的各种变化甚至在生命过程中,都必须有磷化合物的参与,甚至起调控作用.采用含磷物质对5-氟尿嘧啶类药物进行改性已有不少文献报道,主要有羟基膦酸、氨基膦酸和含磷肽等.本文将α-羟基膦酸酯引入至5-氟尿嘧啶的N3,合成了一系列目标化合物,合成路线如下:     

高效液相色谱法同时测定人血清中5-氟尿嘧啶及其代谢物5-脱氧尿苷

5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)是治疗消化道恶性肿瘤的首选药,为探讨其最佳给药方案,本文利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)建立了同时测定人血清中5-FU及其活性代谢物5-脱氧尿苷(5-fluoro-2′-     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定奥沙利铂中银量

奥沙利铂又名草酸铂(L-OHP),是继顺铂和卡铂之后问世的铂类第三代抗癌药物。具有抗瘤谱广,对大肠癌、卵巢癌疗效好,对胃癌、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌和头颈部肿瘤有一定疗效,对5氟脲嘧啶(5-FU)治疗无效的大肠癌病人、对铂类耐药者有效。奥沙利铂中的银为杂质,其最大限量为5,0mg·kg~(-1)。准确测定银含量对该药的     

功能化纳米粒子作为药物载体的研究

将合成的含有羧基侧基官能团的己内酯类聚合物, 用溶剂挥发与超声乳化相结合的方法制备成表面可供修饰的纳米粒子. 利用扫描电镜(SEM)研究了纳米粒子在水溶液中的形态. 使用5-氟脲嘧啶(5-FU)作为模型药物制备了载药纳米粒子, 利用紫外分光光度计法、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、X射线衍射法(XRD)研究了纳米粒子的载药及释放性能. 研究表明, 载药纳米粒子可以控制5-FU的释放速率. 释放时间可持续至96 h 以上, 符合Higuchi 动力学方程.     

新型2-取代氨基-5-(N-异丙基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-1,3,4-噻二唑类衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

以N-异丙基-9H-咔唑为起始原料,经取代、氧化、环合、酰化4步反应合成了7个新型2-取代氨基-5-(N-异丙基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-1,3,4-噻二唑类化合物(1a～1g),其结构经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR, MS(ESI)和元素分析表征。采用MTT法测定了1a～1g对5种肿瘤细胞的体外抗增殖活性。结果表明:1a～1g对人正常VEC细胞的抑制活性弱于5-FU。1d和1e对人白血病细胞(K562)和人结肠癌细胞(HCT-8),1e对人肺癌细胞(A549细胞),以及1g对人结肠癌细胞(HCT-8)的抑制活性(IC_(50)≤9.28μmol·L~(-1))均与5-FU相当。     

新型2-取代氨基-5-(N-异丙基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-1,3,4-噻二唑类

以N-异丙基-9H-咔唑为起始原料,经取代、氧化、环合、酰化4步反应合成了7个新型2-取代氨基-5-(N-异丙基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-1,3,4-噻二唑类化合物（1a～1g）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS(ESI)和元素分析表征。采用MTT法测定了1a～1g对5种肿瘤细胞的体外抗增殖活性。结果表明：1a～1g对人正常VEC细胞的抑制活性弱于5-FU。 1d和1e对人白血病细胞(K562)和人结肠癌细胞(HCT-8), 1e对人肺癌细胞(A549细胞),以及1g对人结肠癌细胞(HCT-8)的抑制活性（IC₅₀≤9.28 μmol·L^-1）均与5-FU相当。     

18-冠-6钡与硫氰酸钴配合物的晶体和分子结构

用凝胶法培养了由18-冠-6钡与硫氰酸钴组成的配合物[Ba(C₁₂H₂₄O₆)·(H₂O)₂][Co(NCS)₄]的单晶。对配合物进行了熔点测定、元素分析和X-射线结构分析。     

Phase Diagram of RbI-SmI_2 Binary System and Structural Investigation of RbSm_2I_5 and RbSmI_3

The RbI-SmI2 , binary system was studied with DTA and X-ray powder diffraction. Its phase diagram shows that it has a congruently melting compound,RbSm2I5 , with a melting point 524℃; an incongru-ently melting compound, Rb2SmI4 , with an inconsruently point 467℃ and two compounds, RbSmI3, and Rb3SmI5, being decomposed at 433℃ and 460℃, respectively. The measured structure of RbSm2I5 shows that it is isomorphous with NH4 Pb2 Cl5 space group P21/c, a=10 . 063(3)A, b=9.003(3)A. c =14 . 242(5)A°,β=90.23(3)°;z = 4, MVx= 1 94 . 3cm3/mol;D=5.255g/cm3 and Do =5. 334g/cm3 (25. 0℃).The structural, investigation ofRbSmI3 shows that it belongs to the orthorhombic system with a = 15.914(6)A, b=8.898(3)A c =12.193(5)A; Z=8, MVx =130.0cm3/mol, Dx =4 . 743g/cm3,Do = 4.597g/cm3(25.0℃).     

Syntheses and Structures of (Ga1-xBx)PO4, with a New Modification of High Cristobalite,and (B1-xZnx)PO4, with Low Cristobalite Type

The transition metal element substitutions of the industrial catalytic material ortho-borophosphate, BPO₄, can lead to either new type of structure for Cr^[1] or stabilize low cristobalite structure for Mn, Fe,Co, Ni and Cu^[2] Here we report our results on the substitution by main group elements Zn and Ga. The two title compounds were synthesized by high temperature solid state reactions and the structure were refined by powder diffraction methods.The structure parameters:(B_0.25Ga_0.75)PO₄:Tetragonal, P-4, a=4.727(1), c=7.078(1) Å,V=158.17(1) ų, Z=2, R(P)=0.0965, R(I)=0.0426; (B_0.61Zn_0.39)PO₄:Orthorhombic, C222₁ a=7.080(1), b=7.087(1),c=6.990(1) Å, V=350.71(2) ų, Z=4,R(P)=0.0904,R(I)=0.0438. Pure GaPO₄ were found three kinds of structures, low- and high-cristobalite and high -quartz with an observation of an unknown unstable high cristobalite at high temperature^[3] The boron substitution of the high-cristobalite GaPO₄ with space group I-A leads to lower symmetry space group(P-4). We assume the low symmetry structure related to the unknown unstable phase. The structures of both compounds are similar to very well known cristobalite (see figure below).     

原子簇化合物[Et4N]2[Mo2O2S2(S2)(S4)]的合成和结构

目前,Mo-S化合物的化学,特别是以多硫基为配体的铟硫化合物的化学是一个活跃的研究领域。这里我们报道含S₂^2-、S₄^2-两种多硫基的二核钼原子簇化合物〔Et₄N〕₂〔Mo₂O₂(S₂)(S₄)(u₃-S)₂]的合成和单晶结构。     

STRUCTURE AND CONFORMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS 7. ON THE CONFORMATION OF THE METHYL ESTER OF (20-METHYLPHYTOCHLORINATO)NICKEL(II)-A BAaERIOCHLOROPHYLL c MODEL COMPOUND

Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound 4 have been determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The structure shows the typical S,-ruffled conformation observed for Ni(II) tetrapyrroles. Compared to the structure of the methyl ester of (13²-demethoxycarbonyl-pheophorbidato a)nickel(II), 4 shows a smaller C_a-C_m-C_m angle and a higher degree of conformational distortion at the methyl-substituted C20 position. This local distortion of the macrocycle might account for the bathochromic shifted absorption spectra of the bacteriochlorophylls c compared to the d-series. Crystal data: C₃₅H₃₈N₄NiO₃; tetragonal, P4₃2₁2, a = 15.335(7) Å, c = 25.11(2) Å, V = 5904, Z = 8, λ(Mo Kα) = 0.71069 Å, μ= 0.701 mm⁻¹, P(000) = 2624, 130 K, R = 0.058 for 5700 reflections with F > 4.0σ(F).     

On Studies of Crystal Structure and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of(η5-C5H5)2Nb[CH2S(CH3)3]2

(η⁵-C₆H₅)₂Nb[CH₂Si(CH₃)₃]₂has been prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction method and solution and frozen-glass EPR.The compound crystallizes in a monoclinic space group P2₁/Owith lattice parameters a=13.291(Å),b=12.406(Å),σ=13.901Å,β=115.40,V=2070Å⁵and Z=4 Full-matrix least-squares refinement of the diffractometry data led to final discrepancy indices of K(F₀)=0.043,R(F₀²)=0.057,R_w(F₀²)=0.071.From computer simulation of the frozen-glass spec trum of the compound,the principal components of the g and Ttensors are g_x=1.9840.g_y=2.0075,g_z=2.0020,T_x=-89.2G,T_y=-136.9G,T_z=-50.0G.The observed anisotropy for the hyperfine interaction arises from the admixture of 4d_z² and 4d_x²-y² character in the HOMO.The ratio of mixing coefficients a²/b²=10.3.     

1,6-二(对甲氧苯基)十二甲基六硅烷的合成及结构

采用1,6-二氯十二甲基六硅烷与对溴苯甲醚的格氏试剂反应制得了标题化合物。对其进行了结构分析。X射线衍射分析表明,该晶体属单斜晶系,分子是中心对称的,化合物呈交叉锯齿型稳定构象。     

1:2型硝酸铀酰二苯并-18-冠-6氢键夹心式配合物的晶体结构

化合物[UO₂(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₂]·(DB18C6)₂晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/k。晶体学参数:a=11.782(2)Å,b=8.584(2)Å,c=22.631(2),β=98.29(2)Å°,Z=2.用3024个I≥3σ(I)的三维X射线独立衍射数据进行结构解析,最终的R=0.066。结构分析表明,两个双齿配体硝酸根及两个水分子配位于线型铀酰离子的赤道平面上,铀的配位数是8,配位几何构型为稍有扭曲的六方双锥。配位水分子的4个氢原子分别与上下两层冠醚环上的氧原子生成氢键。形成夹心式分子缔合物。     

Synthesis,crystal structure and thermal behavior of 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyrazole copper salt

A novel energetic combustion catalyst, 4-amino-3,S-dinitropyrazole copper salt （[Cu（adnp）2（H2O）2]）, was synthesized in a yield of 93.6% for the first time. The single crystal of [Cu（adnp）2（H2O）2] was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in a triclinic system, space group p^-1 with crystal parameters a = 5.541（3） A, b = 7.926（4） A, c = 10.231（5） A,β = 101.372（8）°, V = 398.3（3） A3, Z = 1, μ = 1.467 mm^-1, F（0 0 0） = 243, and Dc = 2.000 g cm^-3. The thermal behavior and non-isothermal decomposition reaction kinetics of [Cu（adnp）2（H2O）2] were studied by means of different heating rate differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The kinetic equation of major exothermic decomposition reaction for [Cu（adnp）2（H2O）2] was obtained. The entropy of activation （△S≠）, enthalpy of activation （△H≠）, free energy of activation （△G≠）, the self-accelerating decomposition temperature （TSADT） and the critical temperature of thermal explosion （Tb） are 59.42 j mol^-1 K^-1, 169.5 kJ mol^-1, 1141.26 kJ mol ^-1 457.3 K and 468.1 K, respectively.     

The First Gallium Borophosphate NaGa[BP2O7(OH)3]:Synthesis and Crystal Structure Characterization

Borophosphates, as potential microporous materials, have drawn much attention in recent years and show rich chemistry^[1-3]. Although many compounds with transition metals have been reported, compounds with the p-block main group elements participating in the framework are rare^[4] The title compound has been synthesized by mild hydrothermal methods and crystal structure characterized by X-ray single crystal methods. Crystallographic data:monoclinic,C2/c (No. 15), a=10.408(3), b=8.094(2),c=9.099(2) Å, β=116.64(2), Z=4, R=0.0246,Rw=0.0676. The crystal structure contains isolated anions[(OH)O₂P_1/2-O_1/2B(OH)₂O_1/2-O_1/2PO₃]^4-. Geometrically, four GaO₆ groups with four PO₄ groups form an eight-member ring by sharing comers resulting to a two dimensional layer in be plane. The layers are joined by BO₄ group through comer sharing with GaO₆ and PO₄ and result to a three dimensional network structure. A 350pm x 600pm open channel along c-axis can be seen (figure below) and occupied by Na cations.