宽禁带半导体材料CuYO2的第一性原理研究

本文利用基于第一性原理的广义梯度近似方法分析研究宽禁带半导体材料CuYO₂能带结构、晶格常数和态密度.计算结果表明,CuYO₂的价带区主要由Cu的3d态和O的2p态构成,而导带区主要由Y的3d态组成.在进行+U修正之后,随着U参量的增加,CuYO₂的价带区和导带区发生分裂,导带区中Y的3d主峰向高能区移动导致导带扩大,带隙也随之扩大,当U取值为3 eV时导带底由L点转变为T点,表明+U计算主要修正CuY₂导带从而能较好的改进理论带隙值.     

宽禁带半导体材料CuYO2的第一性原理研究

本文利用基于第一性原理的广义梯度近似方法分析研究宽禁带半导体材料CuYO2能带结构、晶格常数和态密度。计算结果表明,CuYO2的价带区主要由Cu的3d态和O的2p态构成,而导带区主要由Y的3d态组成。在进行+U修正之后,随着U参量的增加,CuYO2的价带区和导带区发生分裂,导带区中Y的3d主峰向高能区移动导致导带扩大,带隙也随之扩大,当U取值为3eV时导带底由L点转变为Γ点,表明+U计算主要修正CuYO2导带从而能较好的改进理论带隙值。     

Co-Cr共掺杂金红石型TiO_2电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论,采用第一性原理赝势平面波方法计算了Co、Cr单掺杂以及Co-Cr共掺杂金红石型TiO2的能带结构、态密度和光学性质.计算结果表明:纯金红石的禁带宽度为3.0eV,Co掺杂金红石型TiO2的带隙为1.21eV,导带顶和价带底都位于G点处,仍为直接带隙,在价带与导带之间出现了由Co 3d和Ti 3d轨道杂化形成的杂质能级;Cr掺杂金红石型TiO2的直接带隙为0.85eV,在价带与导带之间的杂质能级由Cr 3d和Ti 3d轨道杂化轨道构成,导带和价带都向低能级方向移动;Co-Cr共掺杂,由于电子的强烈杂化,使O-2p态和Ti-3d态向Co-3d和Cr-3d态移动,使价带顶能级向高能级移动而导带底能级向低能方向移动,极大地减小了禁带的宽度,也是共掺杂改性的离子选择依据.掺杂金红石型TiO2的介电峰、折射率和吸收系数峰都向低能方向移动;在E2.029eV的范围内,纯金红石的ε2、k和吸收系数为零,掺杂后的跃迁强度都大于未掺杂时的跃迁强度,Co-Cr共掺杂的跃迁强度大于Co掺杂及Cr掺杂,说明Co、Cr共掺杂更能增强电子在低能端的光学跃迁,具有更佳的可见光催化性能.     

Sc掺杂Ca3Si4的电子结构和光学性质

利用基于密度泛函理论的赝势平面波方法对Sc掺Ca3Si4的电子结构和光学性质进行了系统的计算和分析比较.研究结果为块体Ca3Si4是间接带隙半导体,带隙为0.372eV,价带主要是由Si的3s和3p及Ca的3d态电子构成,导带主要是由Ca的3d态电子构成,静态介电常数ε1(0)=19,折射率n0=4.35;吸收系数在能量3.024eV处达到最大峰值1.56×105cm-1.而掺杂Sc变为n型半导体;费米能级附近的导带主要则由Ca的3d态电子和Sc的3d态电子构成,静态介电常数变为ε1(0)=54.58,折射率n0=7.416;吸收系数在能量5.253eV处达到最大峰值1.614×105cm-1.通过掺杂有效调制了Ca3Si4的电子结构和光学性质,计算结果为Ca3Si4光电材料的设计与应用提供了理论依据.     

Y、Zr、Nb掺杂ZnS半导体第一性原理计算

本文采用第一性原理研究了Y,Zr,Nb在Zn位掺杂ZnS半导体的能带结构和态密度.研究结果表明:Y,Zr,Nb掺杂体系的价带顶与导带底都在布里渊区的G点,为直接带隙半导体材料,掺杂对带隙宽度影响不大,掺杂结构的导带向低能区移动;Y,Zr,Nb在Zn位掺杂的Zn S的费米能级从价带顶移至导带底,说明掺杂后ZnS半导体材料从p型转变为n型,同时费米能级处出现数条杂质能级;Y,Zr,Nb掺杂体系的总态密度的贡献主要来源于Zn 4s、Y,Zr,Nb的4d 5s以及S 3p相互作用.     

稀土元素Sc、Tm掺杂GaSb的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理计算方法研究了本征GaSb以及稀土元素Sc、Tm掺杂后的GaSb的电子结构和光学性质.计算结果表明：Sc、Tm掺杂后GaSb仍为直接带隙的P型半导体. Sc掺杂后GaSb在导带中诱导了浅能级缺陷态,带隙变窄. Tm掺杂后GaSb在导带中诱导了深能级缺陷态,带隙变宽. Sc、Tm掺杂后使能量损失减小并且均增强了GaSb对中红外波段光子的吸收,其中Sc掺杂效果更佳,在4.3μm(0.28 eV)处存在吸收峰,峰值为1.7×10~5 cm^-1,且直到波长为6.8μm(0.18 eV)时,光吸收系数仍能达到1×10~5 cm^-1.计算结果为拓展GaSb基半导体材料在红外探测器、红外半导体激光器等领域的应用提供理论参考.     

B掺杂锐钛矿型(101)面的电子结构和光学性质研究

采用平面波超软赝势方法计算了B掺杂锐钛矿型TiO2(101)面的几何结构、缺陷形成能、电子结构和光学性质.分析B掺杂后的几何结构,发现氧化气氛下B易于掺杂间隙1处,还原气氛下易于替位掺杂O3C2.计算了掺杂前后的氧空位VO形成能和替位形成能,得出B掺杂和氧空位相互促进的结论.B掺杂在导带底引入了杂质能级,B的2p态和Ti的3d态发生强烈关联而使带隙变窄,发生红移现象.O空位也使带隙变窄,但未发现红移现象.B掺杂和O空位同时存在则使吸收光谱扩展至整个可见光区.     

B掺杂锐钛矿型(101)面的电子结构和光学性质研究

采用平面波超软赝势方法计算了B掺杂锐钛矿型TiO2(101)面的几何结构、缺陷形成能、电子结构和光学性质.分析B掺杂后的几何结构,发现氧化气氛下B易于掺杂间隙1处,还原气氛下易于替位掺杂O3C2.计算了掺杂前后的氧空位VO形成能和替位形成能,得出B掺杂和氧空位相互促进的结论.B掺杂在导带底引入了杂质能级,B的2p态和Ti的3d态发生强烈关联而使带隙变窄,发生红移现象.O空位也使带隙变窄,但未发现红移现象.B掺杂和O空位同时存在则使吸收光谱扩展至整个可见光区.     

Ga掺杂ZnO的电子结构与电性能的研究

采用密度泛函理论广义梯度近似第一性原理计算的方法研究了n型Ga掺杂的纤锌矿结构氧化物ZnO的晶格结构、能带结构和态密度,在此基础上分析了其电性能.计算结果表明,掺杂ZnO氧化物晶格a,b轴增大,c轴略有减小;Ga掺杂ZnO氧化物两能带之间具有0.6eV的直接带隙,需要载流子(电子)跃迁的能隙宽度较未掺杂的ZnO氧化物减小;掺杂体系费米能级附近的态密度大大提高,其能带主要由Gas态、Zns态和Os态电子构成,且他们之间存在着强相互作用,其中Gas态电子对导带贡献最大.电输运性能分析结果表明,Ga掺杂ZnO氧化物导电机构由Znp-Op电子在价带与导带的跃迁转变为Gas-Znd-Os电子在价带与导带的跃迁,这也表明Gas态电子在导电过程中的重要作用;掺杂体系费米能级附近的载流子有效质量较未掺杂体系增大,且价带中的载流子有效质量较大,导带中的载流子有效质量较小.     

N-S共掺杂金红石相TiO2电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于第一性原理的平面波超软赝势方法研究N和S单掺杂以及N和S共掺杂金红石相TiO2的能带结构,态密度和光学性质.结果表明:N掺杂导致禁带宽度减小为1.43 eV,并且在价带上方形成了一条杂质能带;S掺杂导致费米能级上移靠近导带,直接带隙减小为0.32 eV;N和S共掺杂导致能带结构中出现了两条杂质能带,靠近导带的一条杂质能级距离导带底约0.35 eV,靠近价带的一条杂质能级距离价带顶约0.85 eV,杂质能级主要由N原子的2p轨道和S原子的3p轨道组成.N和S掺杂后不但使TiO2的吸收带产生红移,而且在可见光区具有较大的吸收系数,光催化活性增强.     

Optical Filters Using Optical Multi-Layer Structures for Optical Communication Systems

Abstract

In this article, light reflection spectrums for different one-dimensional multi-layer structures are obtained. Optical reflectivities for periodic, superperiodic, and quasiperiodic structures have been calculated using the transfer matrix method. PBGs of each structure have been obtained using the optical reflectivity pattern. From a comparison of reflectivity and standard dense wavelength division multiplexing grids, it is demonstrated that narrow and dense band filters can be built from generalized Fibonacci quasiperiodic structures. Reflectivity of these structures contains bands that meet the ITU-T dense wavelength division multiplexing standard. Reflectivity of other multi-layer structures has poor or less potential to be used in dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.     

Magnetic doping in Zn7−xMxSb2O12 spinels (M=Ni and Co)

In this article we present a concise report on our studies on the magnetic behavior and structural arrangements of the inverse spinel Zn_7−xM_xSb₂O₁₂ system (M=Ni, Co). Studies on the temperature dependence of the magnetization (M) of several samples in this system showed the occurrence of a spin-glass-like state in temperatures around 10 K. The capability of this system to hold magnetic ions in either octahedral and/or tetrahedral positions is responsible for the occurrence of competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. This condition is likely to cause the appearance of the observed spin-glass-like behavior.     

Further benchmarks of a composite,convergent, statistically calibrated coupled-cluster-based approach for thermochemical and spectroscopic studies

A flexible, high-level, composite approach based on coupled cluster theory has been used to predict the atomization energies and equilibrium structures of 13 small, first-row compounds. Each of the major components in this approach can be systematically improved, thereby providing a practical measure of the inherent uncertainty (or degree of convergence) in the final results. Comparison with Active Thermochemical Table data, which relies on a network of experimental and theoretical data, showed excellent agreement for the atomization energies. With the addition of the latest molecular systems to the Computational Results Database, the composite approach was found to yield a mean absolute deviation of 0.19?kcal?mol^?1 and a root-mean-square deviation of 0.31?kcal?mol^?1 across 142 comparisons. If the analysis is limited to experimental data with estimated uncertainties of 0.2?kcal?mol^?1 or less, the error metrics are cut in half. Similar good agreement is found with experimental structures, but the relative scarcity of accurate equilibrium structures limits the significance of the statistical analysis. Unavoidably, many of the comparisons could not be made with r _e structural parameters. Explicitly correlated methods were found to be effective at replicating results obtained from the standard method with large basis sets, thereby reducing the high computational cost for several of the components.     

Quantization and contact structure on manifolds with projective structure

We consider complex manifolds with a class of holomorphic coordinate functions satisfying the condition that each transition function is given by the standard action on of some element in . We show that such a manifold has a natural contact structure. Given any contact manifold, one can associate with it a symplectic manifold. It is shown that the symplectic manifolds arising from complex manifolds with special coordinate functions of the above type admit a canonical quantization.     

TiB2高压下的电子结构研究

 用自洽的LMTO-ASA方法计算了TiB₂压缩状态下的电子结构。计算中考虑了除自旋-轨道耦合外的所有相对论效应。结果表明，随着压缩程度的增加，Ti-B之间的轨道杂化程度也增加，而在电子能带结构中出现了一个新的赝能隙（Pseudogap）或低谷。该赝能隙与高压下晶体结合更加紧密是联系在一起的。从Ti到B的电荷转移随压缩程度的增加而减小，但在所考虑的压缩范围内，这一效应不显著。     

锥形半导体激光器研究进展

锥形半导体激光器具有高功率、高光束质量等特点,因此受到广泛关注并成为研究热点。从3种结构(传统结构、分布式布拉格反射(DBR)结构、侧向光栅条纹结构)的锥形半导体激光器出发,对国内外近十年具有代表性研究成果进行综述,介绍其理论研究和实验进展,并对锥形半导体激光器的未来发展进行展望。     

β-碳化硅/碳纳米管核壳结构的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了β-碳化硅/(15, 0) 碳纳米管和β-碳化硅/(16, 0)碳纳米管核壳结构的电子结构特性. 结果表明, 两种核壳异质结构都呈现出金属性, 它们的金属性主要是由碳纳米管和碳化硅纳米线表面的原子所贡献的. 碳化硅纳米线表面呈现的金属性由其结构本身决定, 而对于金属性的 (15, 0) 和半导体性的 (16, 0) 碳纳米管在填充碳化硅纳米线之后都表现出金属性, 主要是由于碳纳米管和碳化硅纳米线之间的电荷转移导致的, 而并不是由于碳纳米管形变造成的. 关键词： 核壳结构 电子结构 第一性原理     

交叉型消像散Czerny-Turner结构光谱仪设计

以相对孔径为1：8,工作波段为780～1014nm为初始光学参数,首次推导出交叉型Czerny-Turner（C-T）结构光谱仪的一阶消像散条件,搭建了交叉型消像散C-T结构和交叉型消彗差C-T结构。利用ZEMAX软件对两种初始结构进行了优化和比较。结果表明：交叉型消像散C-T结构具有更优越的光学性能,其均方根半径仅是消彗差C-T结构的12％～52％。消像散C-T结构不仅在沿狭缝方向上能量更为集中,利于设计大聚光能力的分光系统,而且在沿垂直于狭缝方向上点斑更小,具有更高的光谱分辨率。     

Domain structure in ferroelectric PbNb2O6

Single crystals of ferroelectric PbNb₂O₆ were grown employing a modification of the technique of Goodman. The results obtained on the domain structure were analysed and compared with those reported on BaTiO₃ and KNbO₃. The domain structure observed here corresponds to the twinning on (110) plane of the unit cell reported by Francombe and Lewis or the subcell reported by Labbe and others. The (001) planes were observed, as the crystal habit is such as to produce (001) planes, and the cleavage plane is also (001). Also the analysis of the observations can be done easily under these conditions. The domains observed are 90° domains with polar axis in (001) plane. Wedge shaped domains and spikes are present as in BaTiO₃ and KNbO₃. The twinning can occur also on plane producing a domain line at 90° with that due to twinning on (110). This gives patterns of perpendicular lines similar to those in KNbO₃ and BaTiO₃. Crystal structure considerations show that the domain structures with polarization in and out of the observed (001) plane are not possible, and also were not observed. In this sense, it is a two dimensional ferroelectric. The studies showed a peculiar grain structure in the crystals, and it can be explained on the basis of the growth habit of the crystal. The polarizing microscope is particularly useful in analysing the domain structure along with the grain structure.     

Analysis of the spectral structure of CuBr laser lines

The spectral structure of spontaneous emission of copper atom at 510.6 nm and 578.2 nm was calculated considering the hyperfine structure of energy levels and the isotope shift. The spectral structure of the 510.6 nm and 578.2 nm laser lines was measured in a sealed-off CuBr laser tube with periodic refreshment of the neon buffer gas under different work temperature and excited voltage. The spectral structure of the spontaneous emission of copper atom was found to have similar outline with its laser lines. The spectrum of the 510.6 nm laser line maintains similar outline with three peaks at various discharging parameters while the spectrum of the 578.2 nm laser line is strongly dependent on the reservoir temperature and the discharge voltage.