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1.
The kinetics and products of the thermal decomposition of hexamethylenetetraammonium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate in air, argon, and a vacuum were studied using thermogravimetry, volumetry, mass spectrometry, and IR spectroscopy. According to the nonisothermal kinetic data, noticeable rates of the formation of volatile products were observed at temperatures higher than 150°C. The thermal decomposition of the salt occurred in stages. At 160–200°C, the thermal decomposition of hexamethylenetetraammonium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate could not be described by simple kinetic equations. The dependence of the initial reaction rates on inverse temperature (lnV 0−1/K) was linear, which showed that the thermal decomposition of the salt obeyed the Arrhenius equation V 0 = 109.4 ± 0.6exp[(−20500 ± 1800)/RT], %/min. The obtained temperature dependences of the kinetic parameters of thermolysis were used to predict the time of salt storage and the conditions of work with it. A comparison of the kinetics of the thermolysis of hexamethylenetetraammonium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate and free hexamethylenetetraamine in open and closed reaction systems showed that the thermolysis of hexamethylenetetraammonium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate was not accompanied by salt dissociation to hexamethylenetetraamine and dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate acid. The products of its thermolysis volatile under normal conditions were trimethylamine with a small admixture of nitrogen. The solid residue after thermolysis was a high-porosity insoluble product, whose volume was 6–8 times larger than the volume of the initial sample. An analysis of the IR spectra of the solid thermolysis product showed that it had a well-defined salt character. The special features of the IR spectra of initial hexamethylenetetraammonium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate and the product of its thermolysis led us to suggest that an acid-base equilibrium of the type [R3N-H+] + A ↔ [R3N… H+…A] occurred in it and, probably, in the initial salt. Here, R3N is the tertiary amino group, and A is the borohydride acid residue. Indications of amorphization allowed us to suggest that polymer structures were formed as a result of intramolecular interaction between the borohydride anion and onium cation.  相似文献   

2.
In the 11B NMR spectra of dihalo derivatives of bis(dicarbollyl)cobalt(III), we have identified a correlation between the 11B NMR chemical shifts of substituted boron atoms and boron atoms found in other positions on the carborane skeleton. We have observed an increased shielding effect for fluorine atoms (compared with other halogens), manifested in an upfield shift of the 11B NMR signals for antipodal and trans boron atoms. For the fluorine-containing compound Bu4N+ [8,8′-F2-3,3′-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)2], we propose the following sequence of electron density transfer: B(8) → {B(6) and B(10)} → B(4, 7). __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 73, No. 4, pp. 547–549 (cont.), July–August, 2006.  相似文献   

3.
The reactive uptake of NO3 radicals on the surface of wetted individual X salts and of wetted X-NaCl salts (X = MgCl2 · 6H2O and MgBr2 · 6H2O) at [H2O] = 2 × 1012−2 × 1015 cm−3 and NO3 (4.8 × 1012 cm−3) was studied using a reactor with a movable insert covered with a salt coating in combination with a mass spectrometer for monitoring the initial reactant and products. The probabilities of NO3 uptake γ on X-NaCl binary salts as functions of the content of doping salt were determined. A parametric approximation of the experimental data was proposed, which makes it possible to quantitatively predict the extent of surface enrichment of a wetted binary salt coating in doping salt and its dependence on the humidity and the content of this salt in the binary mixture. It was established that the relative surface density σX of X doping salt depends on its mole fraction μX in the X-NaCl binary salt as σX = aμX (a = 2.2 for MgBr2 and 13.1 for MgCl2) over the entire humidity range covered. The contributions of the X salts to the overall uptake of NO3 at NO3 concentration typical of the tropospheric conditions ([NO3] ∼ 107 cm−3 and relative humidities of RH ≤ 20%) were estimated.  相似文献   

4.
The compounds [3,3-(CO)2-3-NO-closo-3,1,2-ReC2B9H11] and [NEt4][3,3,3-(CO)3-8-I-closo-3,1,2-ReC2B9H10] have been shown to be emissive in MeTHF at 77 K, with λmax in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Emission from [3,3,3-(CO)3-8-I-closo-3,1,2-ReC2B9H10]-, which has been structurally characterized, is phosphorescent with a single exponential decay lifetime, τ=1.65 ms. The complex [3,3-(CO)2-3-NO-closo-3,1,2-ReC2B9H11] also emits in the solid state at 298 K and has been shown by diffuse-reflectance UV-vis measurement to have a band gap of 2.66 eV.  相似文献   

5.
The origin of the 9Li isotope is sought in missing-mass spectra measured in 11B(π, d)X, 12C(π, pd)X, and 14C(π, dt)X stopped-pion absorption reactions. The parameters of the three observed low-lying excited states coincide with the literature data. A state with excitation energy E x = 9.1 ± 0.1 MeV, lying above the threshold of 9Li decay into 6He + t, is observed for the first time.  相似文献   

6.
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption studies of Li2O–MoO3–B2O3 with varying concentrations of Li2O, MoO3 and B2O3 have been carried out at room temperature. Two series of glasses, one with constant MoO3 (CM) and another with constant borate (CB), have been investigated. Characteristic EPR spectra of Mo5+ have been observed centered around g ≅ 2.00, which are attributed to Mo5+ ion in an octahedral coordination sphere with an axial distortion. The spectra also show strong dependence on the concentration of Li2O and B2O3. Spin concentrations (N) and magnetic susceptibilities (χ) have been calculated. In the CM series, the N values decrease with increasing Li2O content up to 30 mol%, while in the CB series variation of N is found to increase initially up to 20 mol%, and with further increase in the Li2O content the N values tend to decrease. The variation of magnetic susceptibilities is almost similar to that observed with the variation of N. From the optical absorption spectra, an absorption edge (α) has been evaluated. In the CM series, the values of α show a blueshift. On the other hand, in the CB series a redshift is observed. The observed variations in spectral parameters are explained by considering the molybdoborate network. Addition of Li2O to the CM and CB series results in modification of [MoO6/2]0 → [MoOO5/2] and [BO3/2]0 → [BO4/2] → [BOO2/2] groups, respectively, leading to creation of nonbridging oxygens. The optical basicity of the glasses has been evaluated in both the CM and the CB glasses. The optical basicity can be used to classify the covalent-to-ionic ratios of the glass, since an increasing optical basicity indicates decreasing covalency. It is observed that the covalency between Mo5+ ions and oxygen ligands increases in the CB series, whereas in the CM series the covalency between Mo5+ ions and oxygen ligands decreases. Authors' address: R. P. Sreekanth Chakradhar, Glass Technology Laboratory, Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India  相似文献   

7.
27Al magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were acquired at 8.45, 14.1 and 16.45 T for a series of aluminium borates with the mullite structure (Al6−x B x O9, where x has nominal values of 1 to 4) augmented with 27Al multiple-quantum MAS NMR spectra at 8.45 T. Even though the 27Al NMR spectra are complex, simulation of the combined set of data produced a relatively well-defined set of parameters (e.g., quadrupolar interaction, isotropic chemical shift, etc.) for each site. The 11B MAS NMR spectra of the same compounds were also acquired at 14.1 T. Linear changes in the X-ray a-, b- and c-cell parameters with composition suggest that these compounds constitute a continuous series. Based on a Rietveld structural refinement of the compound synthesized as Al4B2O9, the resulting site occupancies and relative site distortions allow the identification of particular sites with specific NM resonances. Changes in the 27Al and 11B MAS NMR spectra of the related compounds with x = 1–4 show at the lowest Al contents a greater degree of asymmetry in the Al sites of the octahedral chains. A fairly distorted cross-linking tetrahedral site, which persists throughout the composition range, is accompanied in the lower Al compositions by two 5-fold coordinated Al–O units which are replaced by two more-regular tetrahedral Al–O sites as the Al content increases. In the compounds of lowest Al composition (i.e., highest B content) both the tetrahedral and trigonal cross-linking sites are distinguishable, but as the Al content increases, the BO4 units progressively disappear. Authors' address: Kenneth J. D. MacKenzie, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand  相似文献   

8.
Significant differences in the manifestation of spin-crossover properties of the mesogen compounds [FeL 2]X with oxysalicylidene-N′-ethyl-N-ethylenediamine ligands L and anions X = PF6 and SCH have been found by means of electron paramagnetic resonance. The electron paramagnetic resonance data and the quantum-chemical calculation within the density functional theory enables us to establish that the observed specific features are associated with the incorporation of the SCH ion into the first coordination sphere of the Fe(III) ion. The role of the transition of the material to the liquid-state phase in the formation of a low-dimensional (two-dimensional) structure with stronger intermolecular interactions has been revealed.  相似文献   

9.
Layered single crystals of the (BEDO-TTF)6[M(CN)6](H3O,CH3CN)2 (M = Fe, Cr) compounds with alternating conducting layers of BEDO-TTF and [M(CN)6](H3O,CH3CN)2 are studied. The contributions to the magnetic susceptibility from charge carriers in BEDO-TTF layers and from the subsystem of localized magnetic moments of iron (or chromium) transition metal complexes are separated for both compounds under investigation. It is revealed that the crystals with [Fe(CN))6]3− anions at a temperature of ∼80 K and the crystals with [Cr(CN))6]3− anions at ∼30 K undergo magnetic transitions which are accompanied by drastic changes in the parameters of the EPR lines associated with the BEDO-TTF layers and the subsystem of localized spins of transition metal complexes. It is established that the presence of the BEDO-TTF layers in the structure affects the magnetic properties of iron and chromium hexacyanide complexes. Original Russian Text ? R.B. Morgunov, E.V. Kurganova, T.G. Prokhorova, E.B. Yagubskiĭ, S.V. Simonov, R.P. Shibaeva, 2008, published in Fizika Tverdogo Tela, 2008, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 657–663.  相似文献   

10.
ABSTRACT

The connection of 12 s = ½ closo-azadodecaborane radical units (NB11H11?), where a hydrogen atom is removed from the nitrogen atom, produces a supericosahedron [(NB11H6?)12](S), S being the total spin of the system. This work describes the study of the low-lying energy spin-projected states of this supericosahedron with two different geometrical arrangements, each nitrogen atom pointing (1) inwards or (2) outwards with respect to radial axes. These spin-projected states are mapped into a Heisenberg spin Hamiltonian, thus allowing the determination of coupling constants between magnetic sites. The eigenvalues of this model Hamiltonian then predict the ground spin state and the corresponding combinations of spin orientations of the magnetic centres. We show that the energy minimum in the [(Nin/outB11H6?)12](S) systems corresponds to a high-spin S = 6 state.  相似文献   

11.
The galvanomagnetic properties of single-crystal samples with various isotopic boron compositions have been investigated for the first time for the normal state of superconductor LuB12 (T c ≈ 0.44 K). Precision measurements of the resistivity, Hall coefficient, and magnetic susceptibility have been performed over a wide temperature range of 2–300 K in magnetic fields up to 80 kOe. A change of the charge transport regime in this nonmagnetic compound with metallic conduction is shown to occur near T* ≈ 50−70 K. As a result, a sharp peak with significantly different amplitudes for Lu10B12 and Lu11B12 is recorded in the temperature dependences of the Hall coefficient R H(T) near T*. A significant (about 10%) difference (in absolute value) of the Hall coefficients R H for the Lu10B12 and Lu11B12 compounds at helium and intermediate temperatures has been found and the patterns of behavior of the dependence R H(H) for T < T* in an external magnetic field H ≤ 80 kOe for Lu10B12 and Lu11B12 are shown to differ significantly. Analysis of the Curie-Weiss contribution to the magnetic susceptibility χ(T) leads to the conclusion about the formation of magnetic moments μeff ≈ (0.13−0.19)μB in each unit cell of the fcc structure of LuB12 compounds with various isotopic compositions. The possibility of the realization of an electronic topological 2.5-order transition near T* and the influence of correlation effects in the 5d-band on the formation of a spin polarization near the rare-earth ions in LuB12 is discussed.  相似文献   

12.
A Cu2+-doped single crystal of catena-trans-bis(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine) zinc(II)-tetra-m-cyanopaladate(II) [ZnPd(CN)4(C4H12N2O2)] complex has been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique at room temperature. EPR spectra indicate that Cu2+ ions substitute for magnetically equivalent Zn2+ ions and form octahedral complexes in [ZnPd(CN)4(C4H12N2O2)] hosts. The crystal field affecting the Cu2+ ion is nearly axial. The optical absorption studies show two bands at 322 nm (30864 cm−1) and 634 nm (15337 cm−1) which confirm the axial symmetry. The spin Hamiltonian parameters and the relevant wave function are determined.  相似文献   

13.
Charge-transfer complexes (CTC) resulting from interactions of 1,3-di[(E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl) methylideneamino]-2-propanol Schiff base with some acceptors such as iodine (I2), bromine (Br2), and picric acid (PiA) have been isolated in the solid state in a chloroform solvent at room temperature. Based on elemental analysis, UV-Vis, infrared, and 1H NMR spectra, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) of the solid CTC, [(Schiff)(I2)] (1), [(Schiff)(Br2)] complexes with a ratio of 1:1 and [(Schiff)(PiA)3] complexes with 1:3 have been prepared. In the picric acid complex, infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopic data indicate that the charge-transfer interaction is associated with a hydrogen bonding, whereas the iodine and bromine complexes were interpreted in terms of the formation of dative ion pairs [Schiff+, I2∙−] and [Schiff+, Br2∙−], respectively. Kinetic parameters were obtained for each stage of thermal degradation of the CT complexes using Coats–Redfern and Horowitz–Metzger methods. DC electrical properties as a function of temperature of these charge transfer complexes have been studied.  相似文献   

14.
The Raman spectra of the single crystal of K2Zn(SO4)2·6H2O belonging toC 2h 5 space group in the 40–1200 cm−1 region in different scattering geometries and their spectra ofthe microcrystalline salt in the 1500-50 cm−1 region have been reported. The dynamics of the crystal has been described in terms of 186 phonon modes under the unit cell approximation. The weak bands in the region 400–900 cm−1 have been assigned to the libratory modes of H2O molecules in contradiction to the assignments reported by Ananthanarayanan. The ambiguities existing in the literature about the assignments ofν 2 c andν 5 c modes of [Zn(H2O)6]2+ have also been removed. The translatory and libratory modes of different units of the crystal have been identified and assignments are made using farir and Raman data on various isomorphous tutton salts. It has been inferred that both SO 4 2− tetrahedron and [Zn(H2O)6]2+ octahedron undergo linear as well as angular distortions from their free state symmetries in the crystal.  相似文献   

15.
An analytical method has been proposed for calculating the probabilities P i (2)(s) of existence of X-X, X−□, and □−□ pair interactions in the nonmetal sublattice of M 2tX2t−1 superstructures formed in strongly nonstoichiometric compounds MX y (MX y 1−y) and M 2X y (MXy/21−y/2) with a high content of structural vacancies □. The main characteristics necessary for the quantitative determination of the probabilities Pi(2)(s) as functions of the composition, degree of long-range order, symmetry, and structure type have been determined for all the known superstructures M 2tX2t−1.  相似文献   

16.
We construct the supersymmetric economical 3-3-1 model which contains inflationary scenario and avoids the monopole puzzle. Based on the spontaneous symmetry breaking pattern (with three steps), the F-term inflation is derived. The slow-roll parameters and η are calculated. By imposing as experimental five-year WMAP data on the spectral index n, we have derived a constraint on the number of e-folding N Q to be in the range from 25 to 50. The scenario for large-scale structure formation implied by the model is a mixed scenario for inflation and cosmic string, and the contribution to the CMBR temperature anisotropy depends on the ratio M X /M Pl. From the COBE data, we have obtained the constraint on the M X to be M X ∈ [1.22 × 1016, 0.98 × 1017] GeV. The upper value M X ≃ 1017 GeV is a result of the analysis in which the inflationary contribution to the temperature fluctuations measured by the COBE is 90%. The coupling α varies in the range: 10−7−10−1. This value is not so small, and it is a common characteristics of the supersymmetric unified models with the inflationary scenario. The spectral index n is a little bit smaller than 0.98. The SUGRA corrections are slightly different from the previous consideration. When ξ ≪ 1 and α lies in the above range, the spectral index gets the value consistent with the experimental five-year WMAP data. Comparing with string theory, one gets ξ < 10−8. Numerical analysis shows that α ≈ 10−6. To get inflation contribution to the CMBR temperature anisotropy ≈90%, the mass scale M X < 3.5 × 1014 GeV.  相似文献   

17.
The11B and31P NMR Knight shift (K) and Korringa spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T 1 T) have been measured for amorphous Ni81.5B18.5−x P x alloys with 0≤x≤18.5. In accordance with previous bulk measurements, the31P NMR parameters vary markedly with composition whereas the11B NMR parameters remain almost constant except for small P-contents. It is suggested that the d-band contribution toK(31P) is positive and that toK(11B) is negative. The data further support our previous conclusion that amorphous Ni81.5B18.5 is a Pauli paramagnet rather than a weak itinerant ferromagnet.  相似文献   

18.
Four novel copper(II) complexes of the composition [CuLX] where L = 2,6-bis(benzimidazole-2yl)pyridine, X = dipyridophenazine (L1), 1,10-phenanthroline (L2), hydroxyproline (L3) and 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (L4) were synthesized and characterized by using elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–vis, ESI-MS, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The complexes [CuLL1](NO3)2 [1], [CuLL2](NO3)2 [2], [CuLL3](NO3) [3] and [CuLL4] (NO3) [4] are stable at room temperature. In DMSO the complexes [1] and [2] are 1:2 electrolytes, [3] and [4] are 1:1 electrolytes. Based on elemental and spectral studies five coordinated geometry is assigned to all the four complexes. The interaction of four copper ion complexes with calf thymus DNA were carried out by UV–vis titrations, fluorescence spectroscopy, thermal melting and viscosity measurements .The binding constant (Kb) of the above four metal complexes were determined as 5.43 × 104 M,−1 2.56 × 104 M−1, 1.21 × 104 M−1 and 1.57 × 104 M−1 respectively. Quenching studies of the four complexes indicates that these complexes strongly bind to DNA, out of all complex 1 is binding more strongly. Viscosity measurements indicate the binding mode of complexes with CT DNA by intercalation through groove. Thermal melting studies also support intercalative binding. The nuclease activity of the above metal complexes shows that 1, 2 and 3 complexes cleave DNA through redox chemistry.  相似文献   

19.
A new derivative of the previously reported 1,2‐bis(benzimidazol‐2‐yl)ethane motif, cation [1H2]2+, was synthesized under microwave irradiation and fully characterized by solution NMR, high‐resolution mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry and X‐ray crystallography. This cation presents a linear geometry and incorporates nitro substituents as electrochemical handles. In solution, cation [1H2]2+, is capable of threading the cavity of dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 ether host (DB24C8) giving rise to a [2]pseudorotaxane complex [1H2?DB24C8]2+, regardless of the counterion, [CF3SO3]? or [CF3COO] ?. The interpenetrated structure of [1H2?DB24C8]2+ was proven by solution NMR and X‐ray crystallography. This host–guest complex is held together by several non‐covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and ion‐dipole. An electrochemical study of [1H2]2+ in the presence of variable amounts of DB24C8 was performed; due to the irreversible redox behavior of cation [1H2]2+, it was not possible to electrochemically control the association/dissociation process with DB24C8. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

20.
Nuclear spin–lattice relaxation rate T 1 −1 has been measured for the ladder sites of two single crystals Sr14Cu24O41 (Sr14-A,B) by 63Cu NMR/NQR. The hole localization around 100 K appears as a peak in the T variation of T 1 −1(NQR). On the other hand, it is suppressed in the T 1 −1 (NMR) data under the magnetic field H ∼ 11 T, and a new peak appears around 20 K. T 1 −1(NMR) around the peak is more enlarged for Sr14-B than for Sr14-A. Hence, holes on the ladders of Sr14-B tend to be more localized. This is considered to be an origin for the occurrence of the magnetic order in Sr14-B under H ∼ 11 T.  相似文献   

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