电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定真空精炼镁合金物料中铁、铜、镍

真空精炼是目前镁金属提纯的重要工艺,工艺原料及真空精炼提纯镁金属过程残留物中Fe、Cu、Ni含量的准确测定对工艺参数的优化及调整具有重要的指导作用。传统测定方法中以邻二氮杂菲分光光度法、新亚铜灵分光光度法、丁二酮肟分光光度法测定三种元素含量,结果准确,但操作繁琐,周期较长,难以满足工业生产中高效、快速测定的需要,且方法中所需的有机萃取剂对环境污染较大。本研究选择电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定真空蒸馏精炼镁合金物料中Fe、Cu、Ni,系统探究了溶解酸、溶解温度、溶解时间对物料溶解和测定的影响,选择了(1+1)盐酸和过氧化氢溶解体系,200℃加热条件下反应20min为最佳消解镁合金原料条件;选择了王水溶解体系,200℃加热条件下反应25min为真空精炼残留物最佳溶解条件。并探讨了ICP-AES测定过程中各元素的检出限和测定下限以及共存元素的干扰情况,建立了ICP-AES测定真空精炼提纯镁合金物料的方法。方法测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为Fe 5.89%～11.49%、Cu 2.58%～11.78%、Ni 3.36%～11.47%;各元素加标回收率为;Fe 96.35%～102%、Cu 101.3%～108%、Ni 103%～104.7%;按照实验方法测定镁合金原料、真空精炼残留物中的铁、铜、镍,并与国标方法测定结果进行对比,结果相一致。本研究实现了ICP-AES法快速、准确测定真空蒸馏精炼镁合金物料中铁、铜、镍含量,对及时、高效、准确评估真空精炼提纯镁工艺及产品具有重要意义。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定螯合肥中的螯合铁含量

选用HCl(2%)处理螯合铁样品,建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)快速测定螯合铁含量的方法,实验确定了最佳测定条件,采用标准曲线法为定量依据,得出样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.42%(n=6),加标回收率为98.48%~99.43%。建立的方法处理样品简单、快速,测定结果准确可靠,令人满意。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定螯合肥中的螯合铁含量

选用HCl(2%)处理螯合铁样品,建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)快速测定螯合铁含量的方法,实验确定了最佳测定条件,采用标准曲线法为定量依据,得出样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.42%(n=6),加标回收率为98.48%~99.43%。建立的方法处理样品简单、快速,测定结果准确可靠,令人满意。     

多组分谱图拟合等离子体发射光谱法直接测定高纯铜中杂质元素

1 引 言高纯铜(Cu>99.95％)中.As、Sb、Bi、Fe、Pb、Sn、Ni和Zn测定时,受基体铜严重干扰,经分离富集后ICP-AES测定,不但耗时长,而且受空白值漂移困扰。本文通过对ICP-AES测定中工作参数,基体及光谱干扰研究后.采用基体匹配与多组分谱图拟合(MSF)联合校正,消除Cu的干扰.直接ICP-AES测定。检测限降低5～7倍,方法准确、简便、快速。试样测定下限LQD O.X～X μg/g,标准回收率94％-104％,与分离富集后ICP-AES法及国家标样分析结果吻合。     

碱熔-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定水泥标准物质中的氧化物含量

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法与内标法的结合扩展了ICP-AES法的分析范围。采用氢氧化钠熔融样品,ICP-AES-内标法测定各类水泥标准物质样品中SiO_2、Al_2O_3、TFe_2O_3、MgO、TiO_2等氧化物的含量。实验结果表明,标准物质测定值与标准值吻合,6次平行样品测定相对标准偏差小于1.4%。方法一次熔样,纵向测定主常量元素,操作简单,快速,准确,为水泥标准物质的研制提供了另一种定值方式。     

TMB–PA–DMA目视比色法测定水中余氯

建立TMB(3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺)–PA(磷酸)–DMA(N,N-二甲基乙酰胺)目视比色法现场测定水中余氯的方法。在国标法TMB目视比色法基础上,将TMB显色剂中盐酸浓度由0.10 mol/L提高至0.50 mol/L;加入DMA加速溶解TMB并防止TMB析出;加入PA消除铁的干扰并缓冲溶液的pH值。在0.50 mol/L盐酸溶液下,通过正交试验,确定TMB、PA、DMA最优组合:TMB为0.30 g/L,PA为1.00 mol/L,DMA为0.50%(体积分数)。结果表明:加入DMA后TMB溶解时间由约5 h缩短至30 s;加入PA消除铁干扰效果明显;水样无需事先用酸调节pH值,直接加入显色剂即可比色定量。用TMB–PA–DMA法测定水样中余氯,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于3.7%(n=7)。分别用TMB–PA–DMA目视比色法和DPD分光法测定水样中余氯,二者的测定结果无显著差异。该方法简便高效,快速、准确,更适宜现场测定水中余氯。     

碱熔-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)-内标法测定水泥标准物质中的氧化物含量

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法与内标法的结合扩展了ICP-AES的分析范围。采用氢氧化钠熔融样品，ICP-AES-内标法测定各类水泥标准物质样品中SiO2、Al2O3、TFe2O3、MgO、TiO2等氧化物的含量。实验结果表明，标准物质测定值与标准值吻合，6次平行样品测定相对标准偏差小于1.4%。方法一次熔样，纵向测定主常量元素，操作简单，快速，准确，为水泥标准物质的研制提供了另一种定值方式。     

铁(Ⅲ)-邻菲哕啉溶液体系的光化学还原在分析化学上的应用——分光光度-光化学还原测铁法

用邻菲啰啉(phen)分光光度法测定Fe(Ⅱ)含量时,共存的Fe(Ⅲ)的光化还原作用,往往使结果波动较大。我们通过对Fe(Ⅲ)-phen溶液体系的光化学还原研究,建立了能连续而准确地测定试样中Fe(Ⅱ)和总铁含量的分光光度-光化学还原测铁法:试样用shapiro法溶解,测定Fe(Ⅱ)时,避光显色,消除了Fe(Ⅲ)的光化还原干扰;测定总铁时,用光化学还原代替加入还原剂的化学还原,操作简便、快速,结果准确、稳定。本文简要报道这一方法。     

电感耦合等离子体原子光谱法间接测定油田污水中硫离子

油田水驱采出污水中硫元素的含量较高,各区块中的还原性物质硫化物是曝氧工艺除去的主要元素,其对聚合物粘度的影响较大,直接影响原油采收率,是油田水驱污水处理和配聚用水处理的主要对象。本研究建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定Fe2 间接测定水驱污水中S2-的方法。通过加入过量Fe2 ,使S2-生成FeS沉淀,用脱脂棉过滤,以ICP-AES测定滤液中剩余的Fe2 ,差减法间接测定污水中S2-的含量。本法简便、准确快速,线性范围宽,回收率在96.9%~98.7%之间,相对标准偏差为2.15%。并对南阳油田实际污水中还原性硫离子进行了测定。     

禾谷类作物种子贮藏蛋白质组分研究Ⅰ．小麦种子醇溶蛋白质的反相高效液相色谱分离

自从Bietz首次报道采用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)技术分离禾谷类作物种子蛋白质以来,由于它具有快速、灵敏、准确、分辨率高、重复性好,并且易于定量和实现全自动化等优点,而逐渐地成为一种分     

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

From the Micro- to the Macro-: Managing the Conservation of the Warship,Vasa

Sweden's famous warship, Vasa, sank on her maiden voyage in August 1628, and remained on the bottom of Stockholm harbour for 333 years. Raised in 1961, she became the first large-scale wooden object to be treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the summer of 2000 a number of acidic salt precipitations were noticed on the surface of the ship and on wooden artefacts in the storerooms. An international research project has been established to look into the causes of this problem and suggest possible re-treatments. Meanwhile projects are underway to monitor movements in the ship, to build a better support system, and to replace the thousands of iron bolts holding the structure together, while a sophisticated new climate system has recently been installed in the museum.     

液滴荧光传感与计算机联用技术在微量分析中的应用

通过在LS55型荧光-磷光-发光分光光度计上加装液滴产生及调节附件,采用计算机采集与分析处理数据,成功地研制了双通道液滴光化学传感装置.利用葡聚糖凝胶对复合维生素B中不同组分的选择性吸附来达到分离与同时检测的目的,并将其用于复合维生素B药片的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

Using of the Agglomeration-in-liquid for the Technology of the Fine Materials

The content of the fine and ultrafine particles in the raw material results in difficulty of the separation, the loss of the valuable components and ecological contamination. Secondary using of the fine particles is impossible without their granulation. This problem has been solved by the agglomeration-in-liquid method.An agglomeration-in-liquid method is a process to produce agglomerates in a liquid phase from solid particles suspended in the liquid. The surface of solid particles and the binding liquid must be of identical polarity, but the continuous phase must be of the opposite polarity. The water solutions of the surfactant are the binding liquids or the organic liquids.     

On the scaling of the interface energy of the liquid clusters in the disordered nanoporous medium

Similarity of the extrusion curves of non-wetting liquid in a nanoporous medium with different initial fill volume fractions is observed experimentally. The similarity can be explained by the scaling of the interface energy and the self-similarity of the infinite percolation cluster of fluid-filled pores. Understanding the physical processes leading to the observed phenomena is a foundation for the development of high-performance devices for damping and energy storage on the basis of such heterogeneous systems.     

On the quality of the hardness kernel and the Fukui function to evaluate the global hardness

An approximated hardness kernel, which includes the second derivative with respect to the density of the kinetic energy, the electron-electron coulomb repulsion, and the exchange density functionals, has been tested for the calculation of the global hardness. The results obtained for a series of 40 cations and neutral systems and 16 anions represent in most cases an improvement of the results obtained using the HOMO-LUMO gap approach and indicate the viability of this approach to evaluate global hardness. In addition, the relevance of the Fukui function approximation and the role of the three components of the hardness kernel in the evaluation of the global hardness have been analyzed.     

Copper-containing dendromesogens: the influence of the metal on the mesomorphism

The synthesis and liquid crystalline behaviour of the first and second generations of a dendrimeric structure based on poly(propyleneimine)(DAB-dendr(NH₂)_x) are reported. 4-(4-n-Alkoxybenzoyloxy)salicylaldehydes are used as mesogenic moieties attached at the peripheral amino groups of the dendrimers giving rise to dendromesogens with four and eight mesogenic branches. From these dendromesogens, considered as organic ligands, were prepared six metal-containing dendrimers which incorporate two or four copper atoms in their structures. All the dendrimeric ligands and three of the metal-containing dendrimers exhibit liquid crystalline properties which were studied by optical microscopy, DSC, X-ray diffraction and EPR spectroscopy.     

光亮剂对银电沉积行为的影响

用电势阶跃法和旋转圆盘电极法 (RDE)以及SEM和XRD测试手段 ,初步研究了光亮剂对氰化体系中银电沉积行为的影响 .研究表明 ,光亮剂的加入并未导致银电沉积成核机理的改变 ,但显著增强了镀液的微观平整效应 ,并且所得镀层的表观光滑程度明显改善 .XRD测试亦同时表明光亮剂的加入并未改变镀层的择优取向     

Influence of the Position of the Connecting Spacer of the Chromophore on the Nonlinear Optical Response

A new chromophore, C1 , based on a similar DπA‐structure as in the FTC ‐chromophore but with a hydroxyalkyl spacer perpendicular to the direction of the dipole moment was synthesized. Both chromophores and the CLD ‐chromophore were used to prepare high T_g nonlinear optical vinyl polymers. The influence of the position of the spacer on the DπA‐system on the NLO response of the resulting polymers was investigated.