高纯氧化镨中非稀土元素的原子发射光谱测定

本文以NaCl为载体,In为内标直流电弧激发直接光谱法测定高纯氧化镨中Sn、B、Cr、Sb、Bi、Mn、Co和Pb等,比较了在不同气氛中载体对上述杂质元素测定的影响。各元素的最低测定浓度为5×10~(-5)％～5×10~(-4)％。     

液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用研究两种铂类化合物的稳定性及分解产物

基于液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用方法,研究了低浓度奈达铂在纯水、9 g/L NaCl溶液和人血浆中的稳定性和分解产物。结果表明,72 h内奈达铂在纯水和血浆中稳定,在9 g/L NaCl溶液中易分解为顺铂。基于凝胶色谱-电感耦合等离子质谱联用方法,研究了低浓度顺式-二碘-(1R,2R)-(-)-1,2-环己二胺合铂(II)(DPI)在纯水、9 g/L NaCl溶液和人血浆中的稳定性和分解产物。结果表明,DPI在3种体系中均不稳定,方法检出限为0.4ng/mL(以铂计)。研究了DPI在9 g/L NaCl溶液中的水解过程,通过同时分析铂元素和碘元素形态确定了水解机理。     

高纯氧化铝中痕量元素的直接光谱分析——几种气氛下直流电弧中谱线的轴向强度分布研究

纯铝中杂质的光谱分析,一般灵敏度为1×10~(-3)—1×10~(-2)％。采用化学分离富集的化学光谱法虽可把灵敏度提高到5×10~(-6)—1×10~(-2)％,但因溶样困难和试剂空白高等,高纯氧化铝采用这种方法分析是困难的。有人用蒸发光谱法测定氧化铝中杂质,灵敏度较高,但需一套特殊的蒸发设备,且只能分析Cd、Bi、Sb、Pb,Sn、Cu等较易挥发的元素。为寻找一种简便灵敏的直接光谱法,研究了谱线在直流电弧中的轴向强度分布,并拟定了一个阴极激发,阴极区照相     

用悬汞电极阳极溶出法测定高纯铝中杂质

应用悬汞电极阳极溶出法测定高纯材料中数量级为10~(-4)—10~(-7)％微量杂质(或更低含量),在1956年以后才被应用于分析化学中。本文利用悬汞电极阳极溶出法直接测定高纯铝中微量锌、镉、铅、铜,灵敏度分别为:锌:3×10~(-5)％,镉:2×10~(-6)％,铅:2×10~(-6)％,铜:3×10~(-5)％。 (一)仪器     

微波消解-微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法测定汽油中痕量铜和铁

采用微波消解方法处理汽油样品,用微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法（MPT—AES）测定消解液中的铜和铁含量。考察了微波功率、载气流量、工作气流量、酸效应、共存离子等实验参数对测定铜和铁的影响,并进行了系统优化,测得铜和铁的检出限分别为2．1ng／mL和22．1ng／ml。线性范围分别为0．01～12μg/mL和0．1～100μg／mL。详细考察了微波消解酸种类及用量,消解温度、运行时间及微波功率等对微波消解的影响。结果表明,各元素测定结果的RSD均小于3．5％,铜的回收率为93％-107％,铁的回收率为92％-106％。与传统的碘-二甲苯-硝酸反萃取处理法相比,此法具有元素损失少,操作简单,无需使用有毒氧化剂,减少污染,改善工作环境等优点,是行之有效的汽油样品预处理方法。     

吖啶黄催化荧光法测定痕量铜的研究

研究了在氨-氯化铵缓冲介质中,Cu(Ⅱ)催化过氧化氢氧化吖啶黄退色,利用使其荧光减弱的指示反应,建立了催化荧光法测定痕量铜的新方法.铜的线性范围为8.0×10~4～8.O×10~(-3)μg·ml~(-1),检出限为5.0×10~(-4)μg·ml~(-1).方法应用于水、人发和纯铝中痕量铜的测定,结果满意.     

钨丝电热蒸发—ICP—AES测定生物试样中的痕量稀土元素

提出了一种将钨丝电热蒸发进样与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)联用的新方法,并用于生物试样中痕量稀土的测定。对载气流量、蒸发温度和时间、去溶时间及信号积分时间等因素对稀土谱线强度的影响进行考察,对ICP工作参数进行优化。在本试验条件下,La、Nd、Gd、Dy、Ho、Yb、Lu和Y的检出限为10~(-9)～10~(-11)g,比气动雾化进样-ICP-AES法的绝对检出限改善了1～2个数量级,方法的相对标准偏差<6％。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测定蘑菇中锰铜锌

用火焰原子吸收光谱法在同一体系中研究了蘑菇中微量元素锰、铜、锌的测定。方法简便、省时,精密度和灵敏度高。相对标准偏差2.4％～4.2％,回收率93.0％～104.5％,特征浓度锰为0.017μg·ml~(-1)/1％,铜为0.031μg·ml~(-1)/1％,锌为0.009μg·ml~(-1)/1％。     

2-(2-噻吩偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚反相液相色谱法分离测定铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)

本文以2-(2-噻吩偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(简称TADAP)作柱前显色剂,反相色谱法分离测定铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)离子。用含有1.5×10~(-4)mol/L的TADAP,0.1mol/L氯化锂和0.1mol/L乙酸盐(pH4)的甲醇(60％)-水(40％)溶液作为流动相,流量为0.9ml/min,紫外-可见检测器检测波长为545nm。在此条件下,铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)螯合物得到最佳分离,并定量测定了茶叶中铜、钴、镍的含量,与原子吸收分光光度法测定,得到一致的结果。     

电弧燃烧—离子色谱法测定钢铁中硫含量

提出电弧燃烧－离子色谱法测定钢铁中硫含量的新方法,称取3g左右的钢试样于铜坩蜗中,在1．0L.min^-1氧气流量下电弧引燃并燃烧5min,所产生的气体用5．6mol.L^-1NaHCO3-4.4mol.L^-1Na2CO3的3％H2O2溶液吸收,过滤,进行离子色谱测定,方法的相对标准偏差3．5％,实测校正值回收率97．5％－101．8％,该方法简便,快速,精确度,准确度均令人满意,适合子样品数量大,检测要求高的部门采用。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.