共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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糜烂性毒剂是一种以皮肤糜烂为主兼有全身中毒为特点的毒剂。文章介绍了芥子气、氮芥和路易氏气等糜烂性毒剂的发现历史、理化性质、中毒机理、救治方法;同时探讨了无害化转化的方法,包括利用芥子气和路易氏气转化成为太阳能电池的重要物质和利用糜烂性毒剂的中毒机理来研究治癌的化疗药物。 相似文献
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固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法检测染毒尿样中芥子气-谷胱甘肽加合物的β-裂解产物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成并纯化了芥子气-谷胱甘肽的β-裂解产物1,1′-磺酰基二(2-甲巯基)乙烷(SBMTE),纯度为98.9%.建立了固相萃取-气相色谱质谱法检测染毒尿样中SBMTE的方法,对尿样中SBMTE的提取富集、 Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化条件等因素进行了优化.实验中采用DB-5MS毛细管柱进行分离,以化学电离源(CI)质谱选择离子模式(SIM)进行检测,并通过内标法定量.SBMTE的线性范围为1~100 ng/mL,r=0.9991,回收率为89.0%~92.6%,检出限为0.5 ng/mL.方法满足芥子气中毒人群尿中SBMTE的检测要求. 相似文献
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建立了一种以SBSE萃取与热解吸-气相色谱-火焰光度法联用技术为基础的测定水中倍半芥子气的方法。对比了SBSE和固相微萃取(SPME)对水中的倍半芥子气的萃取回收率,实验结果表明,SBSE对倍半芥子气的萃取率在22.47%~22.60%之间,SPME对倍半芥子气的萃取率为0.4%。研究了萃取时间、解吸附时间、样品溶液pH值、萃取温度对萃取回收率的影响,选择萃取时间为20min、一级解吸时间为10min、二级解吸时间为4min、样品溶液pH值为7.0、萃取温度为25℃。检测倍半芥子气的线性范围为0.462~23.1μg/L,最低检出限为0.0924μg/L(S/N=3)。该方法已成功应用于河水的检测。 相似文献
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分离与鉴定柴油基体中的微量芥子气类化合物 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文叙述了制备和分析柴油和芳香烃混合溶剂基体中痕量芥子气及芥子气二硫醚样品的方法。样品用硅胶色谱柱预分离及正已烷洗脱除去大量的基体;并用制备薄层色谱分离得到纯样。样品经GC-MS,质子NMR法等作结构鉴定。分析结果与标准样品相一致。 相似文献
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基于有孔壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱技术,建立了一种快速便捷、高灵敏的芥子气及其相关物现场检测新方法。加入0.1 mol/L MgSO4可诱导纳米粒子有效团聚,形成多"热点"的拉曼散射,实现低至10μg/L芥子气的便携式拉曼光谱快速检测,线性范围为10~1000μg/L,分析增强因子约为1.1×106。本方法法直接应用于环境水样中微量芥子气的快速检测,回收率介于88%~114%之间。芥子气相关物(如2-氯乙基乙基硫醚、硫二甘醇、芥子亚砜和芥子砜)可得到有效区分。 相似文献
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This review surveys published data to generalize methods for the determination of sulfur mustard and its metabolites in various media. Attention is focused on biological materials. Data on the toxicokinetics and metabolism of sulfur mustard are cited, and the problem of choosing a biomarker for the indication of sulfur mustard poisoning is considered. 相似文献
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Methods for the analysis of thiodiglycol sulphoxide, a metabolite of sulphur mustard, in urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Two methods have been developed for the analysis of thiodiglycol sulphoxide, a metabolite of sulphur mustard, in urine. The first method recovers thiodiglycol sulphoxide from urine by extraction from a solid absorbent tube and clean up on Florisil. In the second method thiodiglycol sulphoxide is reduced to thiodiglycol with acidic titanium trichloride prior to extraction. This method detects thiodiglycol, thiodiglycol sulphoxide, and their acid-labile esters, as the single analyte thiodiglycol. In both cases the recovered analytes were converted to the bis(pentafluorobenzoyl) derivative of thiodiglycol and detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using negative ion chemical ionisation. The limits of detection were 1 ng per 0.5-ml sample of urine. Urine from five normal human subjects showed low background levels of thiodiglycol sulphoxide in the range 2-8 ng/ml. However, a sixth subject was found to be excreting levels of thiodiglycol sulphoxide as high as 36 ng/ml. The first method has been used in toxicokinetic studies of sulphur mustard and the second method is intended to be used for the retrospective confirmation of mustard poisoning in casualties of chemical warfare. 相似文献
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Natarajan Sathiyamoorthy Venkataramanan Ambigapathy Suvitha Hiroshi Mizuseki Yoshiyuki Kawazoe 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2015,115(21):1515-1525
The study on the absorption of toxic gases such as mustard gas by organic host is essential to the development of inexpensive detection and decontamination equipments. Using quantum chemical methods, we propose cucurbituril as an effective host to capture mustard gas. It was found that stable complexes are formed with the inclusion of the toxic gas molecules inside the cucurbituril cavity, compared with the lateral and exterior interactions. Oxygen mustard has a comparable binding energy with sulfur mustard and hence can be used during experimental investigation. Additionally, during the inclusion complex formation, the presence of heteroatoms helps the guest molecules to undergo a larger structural reorganization to get accommodated inside the cucurbituril macromolecule. Atoms‐in‐molecules analysis shows the existence of strong intermolecular CH…O bonding between the guest molecules and cucurbituril macromolecule. The presence of an intramolecular CH…Cl type of bonding accounts for the higher stabilization of sulfur mustard inside the cucurbituril macromolecule. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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This article describes a method for the quantitative determination of the toxic military agent bis(2-chloroethyl)-sulfide (or sulfur mustard) in air or other similar gases at parts-per-trillion levels. The method entails the adsorptive trapping of mustard vapor on a bed of Tenax-GC, followed by the transfer of trapped mustard to a smaller sorbent bed and the thermal desorption of the mustard into a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photometric detector. Interference from an oxidizing gas (probably NO2) in the air is circumvented by sampling through a filter impregnated with triethanolamine (TEA) which selectively attenuates the NO2 while transmitting the mustard. The method is found to possess adequate accuracy and precision for most purposes, and the detection limit is observed to depend on the magnitude of the sample or sorbent background response rather than on instrument noise, adsorptive sampling capacity, or other fundamental limitations of the hardware. 相似文献
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C. Ramakrishna R. Krishna Bijendra Saini T. Gopi G. Swetha S. Chandra Shekar 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2016,191(7):965-970
A simple and efficient oxidative decontamination method was developed for sulfur mustard (HD), a potential chemical warfare agent. The method involves treatment of chemical warfare agent HD and its simulants, i.e., dimethyl sulfide, diethyl sulfide, and 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide with ozone gas at ambient conditions in acetonitrile solvent. Ozone gas readily oxidizes sulfur mustard in a controlled manner to give its corresponding nontoxic sulfoxide. This transformation is selective and takes place even at subzero temperatures. The oxidation products of HD and its simulants were monitored and quantified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. 相似文献
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A method is presented for the continuous analysis of generated vapors of the nerve agents soman and sarin and the blistering agent sulfur mustard. By using a gas sampling valve and a very short (15 cm) column connected to an on-column injector with a “standard length” column, the system can either be calibrated or used for performing high speed gas analyses. When using a flame ionization detector, the detection limit was ca. 100 ppb (ca. 0.5–1.0 mg/m3). This technique is applied in inhalation toxicokinetic studies of nerve agents and mustard gas in the guinea pig. 相似文献