共沉淀法合成Y3Fe5O12:R(R:Co,Ni)及其磁性

以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,用反滴加共沉淀法获得前驱体,将前驱体在900℃下煅烧5 h,合成了Co:Y3Fe5O12(YIG)及Ni:Y3Fe5O12(YIG).通过对YIG前驱体的TG-DTA分析结果表明,样品的晶相形成温度为778℃.利用XRD测试技术对样品结构进行表征,Y3Fe5-xRxO12中的x为0～0.15时,样品为立方相,Ia3d空间群,当x=0.25时转变为四方相.样品中Y3Fe5-xRxO12的掺杂浓度x高于0.15时均出现杂相.用振动磁强计测试样品的磁性质的结果表明,Y3Fe5-xNixO12和Y3Fe5-xCoxO12样品的比饱和磁化强度均随着掺杂量的增加而增大,但杂相的出现引起磁化强度降低,Y3Fe5-xCoxO12中x=0.25时,比饱和磁化强度最大值为22.6 A·m2/kg,Y3Fe5-xNixO12中x=0.25时,样品为单相比饱和磁化强度最大值为24.5 A·m2/kg.     

共沉淀法合成y3fe5o12∶r（r:co，ni）及其磁性

以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,用反滴加共沉淀法获得前驱体,将前驱体在900℃下煅烧5 h,合成了Co∶Y3Fe5O12(YIG)及Ni∶Y3Fe5O12(YIG)。通过对YIG前驱体的TG-DTA分析结果表明,样品的晶相形成温度为778℃。利用XRD测试技术对样品结构进行表征,Y3Fe5-xRxO12中的x为0～0.15时,样品为立方相,Ia3d空间群,当x=0.25时转变为四方相。样品中Y3Fe5-xRxO12的掺杂浓度x高于0.15时均出现杂相。用振动磁强计测试样品的磁性质的结果表明,Y3Fe5-xNixO12和Y3Fe5-xCoxO12样品的比饱和磁化强度均随着掺杂量的增加而增大,但杂相的出现引起磁化强度降低,Y3Fe5-xCoxO12中x=0.25时,比饱和磁化强度最大值为22.6 A.m2/kg,Y3Fe5-xNixO12中x=0.25时,样品为单相比饱和磁化强度最大值为24.5 A.m2/kg。     

Al掺杂对尖晶石型Li[Mn(Al)]2O4结构的影响

采用共沉淀法按不同Al掺杂比例x[x=n(Al)∶n(Mn+Al)=0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.150, 0.200]制得了Al(OH)3和Mn3O4混合物, 将其与LiNO3按一定比例混合, 在空气中于700 ℃烧结得Li[Mn(Al)]2O4样品. X射线衍射和Raman光谱结果表明, 在0≤x≤0.20范围内均得到了单相的尖晶石型样品, 随着x的增加, 晶胞参数减小, 晶格振动能量增加, Mn(Al)-O的结合增强, 结构稳定性增强.     

A1掺杂对尖晶石型Li[Mn（Al）]2O4结构的影响

采用共沉淀法按不同Al掺杂比例x[x=n(Al):n(Mn Al)=0,0.025,0.050,0.100,0.150,0.200]制得了Al(OH)3和Mn3O4混合物，将其与LiNO3按一定比例混合，在空气中于700℃烧结得Li[Mn(Al)]2O4样品，X射线衍射和Raman光谱结果表明，在0≤x≤0．20范围内均得到了单相的尖晶石型样品，随着x的增加，晶胞参数减小，晶格振动能量增加，Mn(Al)-O的结合增强，结构稳定性增强。     

掺杂Mn对CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3材料性质的影响

采用共沉淀法制备了一系列Mn掺杂摩尔分数为0～5%的CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3(CZA)复合氧化物, 并采用BET, OSC, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR等方法对所制备的材料进行了表征. 结果表明, 所制备的材料均形成了稳定的CZA固溶体, 尤其是Mn掺杂0.5%的材料在600和1000 ℃焙烧后均表现出最好的织构性能. OSC和H2-TPR的结果表明, Mn掺杂量≤1%时, 氧在材料中的体相移动是材料储氧和被还原的速控步骤, 并且Mn的掺杂量为0.2%时, 储氧量最大, 材料的还原温度也最低; Mn掺杂量>1%时, Mn物种对材料储氧和被还原的作用显著. XPS结果表明, Mn在焙烧过程中会迁移向表面, 结合H2-TPR结果可知, 新鲜样品表面的MnOx物种主要为Mn2O3, 而老化样品主要为Mn3O4.     

Mg-Co-Ti共掺杂对M型钡铁氧体磁性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了不同Mg-Co-Ti掺杂量的Ba(MgCo)_x/2Ti_xFe_11.5-2xO₁₉磁性粉体，运用XRD和SEM对样品成分及颗粒大小进行了表征，并运用VSM测试了样品的磁性能。结果表明：所制备的粉体1100℃煅烧2小时，粉体结晶良好，呈纯相结构，粉体颗粒大小平均在250 nm左右。随着掺杂含量x从0.1增加到0.6，矫顽力Hc从342 kA/m下降至143 kA/m，而饱和磁化强度Ms先增加，随后降低，在x=0.3时获得最大Ms为55.27 Am²/kg。剩余磁化强度Mr，随着掺杂含量x的增加，先增加，然后逐渐减少。当x=0.3时剩余磁化强度最大值为30.90 Am²/kg。研究表明，可以通过在Fe位掺杂不同含量的Mg-Co-Ti，调整钡铁氧体的磁性能，以适应不同的应用需求。     

掺杂TiO2纳米粉的合成、表征及催化性能研究

 考察了制备方法对掺杂Fe2O3,ZrO2或SnO2的TiO2纳米粉的XRD谱及催化性能的影响．结果表明,用共沉淀法制备的Fe2O3·TiO2对其XRD谱强度的影响较大,而负载法制备Fe2O3／TiO2对其XRD谱的强度无影响;两种方法制备的掺杂ZrO2或SnO2的TiO2样品对XRD谱均无影响．TEM结果表明,TiO2纳米粉的晶粒均匀,粒径为14～18nm．苯酚水溶液的光催化氧化分解反应结果表明,与TiO2样品相比,负载型Fe2O3／TiO2的催化活性明显较高,但ZrO2／TiO2,SnO2／TiO2和共沉淀型Fe2O3·TiO2的催化活性变化不大．可以认为,对掺杂Fe2O3的TiO2催化剂,负载法是较好的制备方法．     

Sm3+含量对BaSmxFe12-xO19 (x≤0.4)铁氧体纳米纤维结构和磁性能的影响

以金属盐和柠檬酸为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备直径在1μm以内的BaSmxFe12-xO19(x≤0.4)铁氧体纳米纤维。采用FTIR、SEM、EDS、XRD和VSM对BaSmxFe12-xO19(x≤0.4)铁氧体纳米纤维进行表征。结果表明,经950℃烧结后,BaSmxFe12-xO19(x≤0.4)铁氧体已成相,且其微观结构和磁性能受掺杂离子浓度的影响。随着Sm3+含量的增加,饱和磁化强度呈先减小后增大的趋势,而矫顽力随Sm3+含量增加而逐渐增大,由x=0时的348.8 kA.m-1增大到x=0.4时的427.5 kA.m-1。与之相对应,在液氮(77 K)条件下,纤维的饱和磁化强度有显著的提高,而矫顽力则明显下降,这主要是由于纳米晶的表面自旋提高造成的。     

柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备的纳米Ce1－xMnxO2: 织构与晶相结构

采用N2-吸附/脱附、XRD、Raman光谱和TEM等表征技术研究了柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ce1－xMnxO2 (0≤x≤1) 样品的织构及晶相结构.结果表明, Ce1－xMnxO2 样品的N2吸附等温线为IV型, 滞后环为H1型, 最可几孔径处在2.5~3.7 nm范围.由XRD测得的样品晶粒大小与由TEM测定的颗粒尺寸相近, 表明制备的样品具有较好的分散性, 但是样品的组成对颗粒大小有明显的影响, Mn浓度适中样品(x=0.3~0.7)的颗粒(1~5 nm)明显小于低Mn浓度样品(x<0.3)和高Mn浓度样品(x>0.7)的颗粒(10~50 nm).尽管在x>0.7时, XRD未能检测到样品中有α-Mn2O3晶粒存在, 但Raman光谱结果表明, 所有Ce1－xMnxO2混合氧化物均以α-Mn2O3相和立方CeO2相Ce-Mn-O固溶体形式存在.     

CoSm_xFe_(2-x)O_4铁氧体纳米粉晶的制备及其电磁性能

用W/O微乳液法制备了CoSmxFe2-xO4(x=0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10)铁氧体纳米粉晶。用X射线衍射仪(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和阻抗/材料分析仪表征了样品的结构、形貌和电磁性能。结果表明,掺杂少量Sm3+对样品的晶体结构没有影响,但其晶粒尺寸、饱和磁化强度、矫顽力和电磁损耗性能等都有不同程度的改变。样品的晶粒尺寸随Sm3+含量的增加而减小,在35~20 nm之间变化;而饱和磁化强度随着钐掺杂量的增加呈先减小后增大的变化趋势(x=0.00→0.04→0.08,Ms=52.95→51.03→52.56emu.g-1);当钐掺杂量x分别等于0.6和0.4时,其磁损耗性能和电损耗性能在1 MHz~1 GHz的频率范围达到最大,且低频区优于高频区。     

Magnetic and high rate adsorption properties of porous Mn(1-x)Zn(x)Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) adsorbents

Porous spinel ferrites Mn(1-x)Zn(x)Fe(2)O(4) (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) are synthesized by a simple sol-gel method with egg white. All samples exhibit porous morphologies and large BET surface area (S(BET)). The substitution of Zn(2+) affects the magnetic properties of ferrites and the adsorption properties of methylene blue (MB) on ferrites, obviously. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of Mn(1-x)Zn(x)Fe(2)O(4) increases before x=0.4, and decreases with further increase of Zn(2+) substitution. This can be ascribed to the changes of the cationic distribution and the variation of spin arrangement in A-site and B-site of spinel structure. All samples show high adsorption capacity and the removal efficiencies of MB reach up to >90% within 3 h. The Zn(2+) substitution accelerates the adsorption rate and capacity of MB on Mn(1-x)Zn(x)Fe(2)O(4). The quickest adsorption occurred at x=0.2 and the largest adsorption capacity occurred at x=0.8.     

Substituent effect on formation of heterometallic molecular wheels: synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic properties

The reaction of manganese(III) Schiff bases of the type salen(2-) (N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneaminato)) with X-substituted (X = CH(3), Cl) pyridinecarboxamide dicyanoferrite(III) [Fe(X-bpb)(CN)(2)](-) gave rise to a series of cyanide-bridged Mn(6)Fe(6) molecular wheels, [Mn(III)(salen)](6)[Fe(III)(bpmb)(CN)(2)](6) x 7H(2)O (1), [Mn(salen)](6)[Fe(bpClb)(CN)(2)](6) x 4H(2)O x 2CH(3)OH (2), [Mn(salen)](6)[Fe(bpdmb)(CN)(2)](6) x 10H(2)O x 5CH(3)OH (3), [Mn(5-Br(salpn))](6)[Fe(bpmb)(CN)(2)](6) x 24H(2)O x 8CH(3)CN (4), and [Mn(5-Cl(salpn))](6)[Fe(bpmb)(CN)(2)](6) x 25H(2)O x 5CH(3)CN (5). Compared with [Fe(bpb)(CN)(2)](-), which always gives rise to 1D or polynuclear species when reacting with Mn(III) Schiff bases, the introduction of substituents (X) to the bpb(2-) ligand has a driving force in formation of the novel wheel structure. Magnetic studies reveal that high-spin ground state S = 15 is present in the wheel compounds originated from the ferromagnetic Mn(III)-Fe(III) coupling. For the first time, the quantum Monte Carlo study has been used to modulate the magnetic susceptibility of the huge Mn(6)Fe(6) metallomacrocycles, showing that the magnetic coupling constants J range from 3.0 to 8.0 K on the basis of the spin Hamiltonian [Formula: see text]. Hysteresis loops for 1 have been observed below 0.8 K, indicative of a single-molecule magnet with a blocking temperature (TB) of 0.8 K. Molecular wheels 2-5 exhibit frequency dependence of alternating-current magnetic susceptibility under zero direct-current magnetic field, signifying the slow magnetization relaxation similar to that of 1. Significantly, an unprecedented archlike Mn(2)Fe(2) cluster, [Mn(5-Cl(salpn))](2)[Fe(bpmb)(CN)(2)](2) x 3H(2)O x CH(3)CN (6), has been isolated as an intermediate of the Mn(6)Fe(6) wheel 5. Ferromagnetic Mn(III)-Fe(III) coupling results in a high-spin S = 5 ground state. Combination of the high-spin state and a negative magnetic anisotropy (D) results in the observation of slow magnetization relaxation in 6.     

钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La0.7Sr0.3FexMn1—xO3的磁性和巨磁电阻效应

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了La     

1200 ℃合成Mn3O4-Fe2O3体系的物相关系、结构和阳离子分布

在空气气氛中1200℃温度下合成了Mn3O4-Fe2O3体系的各类样品,并将其快速淬火到室温.X射线粉末衍射(XRD)分析表明这样得到的该体系样品存在三个固溶体Mn3-3xFe3xO4(0.00≤x≤0.278),Mn3-3xFe3xO4(0.291≤x≤0.667)和Mn2-2xFe2xO3(0.89≤x≤1.00).X射线粉末衍射数据的结构精修显示它们分别具有I41/amd空间群的黑锰矿结构、Fd3m空间群的尖晶石结构和R3c空间群的赤铁矿结构.各固溶体之间都存在两相共存的区域.57Fe穆斯堡尔谱数据显示Fe在各个物相中都是Fe3+,在黑锰矿和尖晶石中存在两种结晶学环境不同的Fe3+,而在赤铁矿中只存在一种Fe3+.结合X射线光电子能谱(XPS)的数据,可以认为黑锰矿和尖晶石中的阳离子分布可以用分子式Mn12-+xFex3+[Mnx2+Fex3+Mn32-+3x]O4表示,而赤铁矿为Mn23-+2xFe23x+O3.     

Spin-glass behavior in LaFe(x)Co(2-x)P2 solid solutions: interplay between magnetic properties and crystal and electronic structures

To explore the evolution of magnetic properties from ferromagnetic LaCo(2)P(2) to paramagnetic LaFe(2)P(2) (both of ThCr(2)Si(2) structure type) a series of mixed composition LaFe(x)Co(2-x)P(2) (x ≤ 0.5) has been comprehensively investigated by means of single-crystal and powder X-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetization and heat capacity measurements, M?ssbauer spectroscopy, and electronic band structure calculations. The Curie temperature decreases from 132 K in LaCo(2)P(2) to 91 K in LaFe(0.05)Co(1.95)P(2). The ferromagnetic ordering is suppressed at higher Fe content. LaFe(0.1)Co(1.9)P(2) and LaFe(0.2)Co(1.8)P(2) demonstrate spin-glass-like behavior, which was also confirmed by the absence of characteristic features of long-range magnetic ordering, namely, a λ-type anomaly in the heat capacity, a hyperfine splitting in the M?ssbauer spectrum, and magnetic reflections in the neutron diffraction pattern. Finally, both LaFe(0.3)Co(1.7)P(2) and LaFe(0.5)Co(1.5)P(2) exhibit paramagnetic behavior down to 1.8 K. The unit cell parameters of the mixed compounds do not follow the Vegard behavior as the increase in the Fe content results in the decrease of average M-M distances (M = Fe, Co). Quantum-chemical calculations and crystal orbital Hamiltonian population analysis reveal that upon aliovalent (nonisoelectronic) substitution of Fe for Co the antibonding character of M-M interactions is reduced while the Fermi level is shifted below the DOS peak in the 3d metal subband. As the result, at higher Fe content the Stoner criterion is not satisfied and no magnetic ordering is observed.     

Influence of oxygen defects on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of the (Tb1-xNax)MnO3-y (0<or=x<or=0.3) system

The crystallographic and magnetic behaviors of (Tb1-xNax)MnO3-y (0相似文献   

Electrospinning preparation, characterization and magnetic properties of cobalt-nickel ferrite (Co(1-x)Ni(x)Fe2)O4) nanofibers

Uniform Co(1-)(x)Ni(x)Fe(2)O(4) (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) nanofibers with average diameter of 110 nm and length up to several millimeters were prepared by calcination of electrospun precursor nanofibers containing polymer and inorganic salts. The as-spun and calcined nanofibers were characterized in detail by TG-DTA, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, SAED and VSM, respectively. The effect of composition of the nanofibers on the structure and magnetic properties were investigated. The nanofibers are formed through assembling magnetic nanoparticles with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) as the structure-directing template. The structural characteristics and magnetic properties of the resultant nanofibers vary with chemical composition and can be tuned by adjusting the Co/Ni ratio. Both lattice parameter and particle size decrease gradually with increasing nickel concentration. The saturation magnetization and coercivity lie in the range 29.3-56.4 emu/g and 210-1255 Oe, respectively, and both show a monotonously decreasing behavior with the increase in nickel concentration. Such changes in magnetic properties can mainly be attributed to the lower magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the smaller magnetic moment of Ni(2+) ions compared to Co(2+) ions. Furthermore, the coercivity of Co-Ni ferrite nanofibers is found to be superior to that of the corresponding nanoparticle counterparts, presumably due to their large shape anisotropy. These novel one-dimensional Co-Ni ferrite magnetic nanofibers can potentially be used in micro-/nanoelectronic devices, microwave absorbers and sensing devices.     

半导体Si上电沉积Cu-Co颗粒膜及其巨磁电阻效应

采用电化学沉积方法在半导体Si上制备Cu-Co金属颗粒膜. XRD测试结果表明制备态的薄膜形成了单相亚稳态面心合金结构, 薄膜经退火后, XRD谱图中出现了析出的纯金属Co的衍射峰, 这表明薄膜在退火过程中发生了相分离. TEM测试结果也进一步证实了磁性的Co颗粒从非磁性的铜基体中析出. 随着退火温度的增加, 颗粒膜巨磁电阻(GMR)效应不断增大, 当退火温度为450 ℃时, Co0.20Cu0.80薄膜的巨磁电阻效应达到最大, 磁阻率为8.21％. 之后, 磁阻率又随退火温度的升高而降低. 退火前后样品磁滞回线的变化表明薄膜中发生了从超顺磁性到铁磁性的转变, 矫顽力、剩余磁化强度和饱和磁化强度均随退火温度的增高而逐渐增大. 超顺磁性颗粒的作用导致了GMR－H与M－H曲线的不同.