超高效液相色谱-质谱法快速分析番茄及其制品中矮壮素和缩节胺残留量

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC/MS-MS)研究了番茄及其制品中矮壮素和缩节胺残留量的测定方法。样品用水提取,无需经过任何净化过程;在粒径为1.7μm的超高压亲水作用色谱柱上以V(乙腈)∶V(含0.1%甲酸的10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液)=6∶4为流动相,等度洗脱分离;电喷雾正离子检测(ESI ),多反应监测模式(MRM)对定性和定量离子进行MS测定。结果表明:矮壮素和缩节胺的添加水平在5、10和20μg/kg时,回收率范围分别为78.5%~90.1%和80.0%~104.0%;相对标准偏差在9.5%~11.3%和10.5%~13.2%之间;方法检出限均为0.8μg/kg。本方法仅需约2 m in的检测时间,且灵敏、准确,完全满足番茄及其制品中矮壮素和缩节胺残留量的快速、高灵敏度的分析要求。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定浓缩樱桃李汁中罗丹明B和苏丹红染料

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法同时检测浓缩樱桃李汁中罗丹明B和苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ5种染料的分析方法。样品经水稀释、乙腈提取,凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化,采用Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱进行分离。在电喷雾正离子模式下(ESI+),用多重反应监测(MRM)方式进行离子监测,基质匹配外标法定量。5种染料在各自线性范围内,相关系数(r2)均大于0.998,检出限(信噪比=3)为0.2~3.0μg/kg,定量限(信噪比=10)为0.5~10.0μg/kg,回收率在74.4%~95.3%之间,相对标准偏差为3.6%~7.9%。     

凝胶柱净化-高效液相色谱检测食品中的苏丹红

建立了凝胶柱净化-高效液相色谱同时检测食品中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ的方法。样品用乙醇提取,提取液经Bio-Beads SX3凝胶柱(200 mm×10 mm i.d.)净化,用环己烷-乙酸乙酯(体积比为1∶1)洗脱。采用Symmetry Shield RP18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,　5　μm)分离,以100%甲醇为流动相,流速1.5 mL/min;用二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长478 nm。上述4种苏丹红组分在其质量浓度为0.1~10.0 mg/L时有良好的线性关系(r>0.999),方法的检测限为7~14 μg/kg;平均加标回收率为80.7%~96.3%(添加水平为0.25,2.5 mg/kg),相对标准偏差为2.4%~5.9%。方法灵敏可靠,能满足食品中苏丹红检测的需要。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱法分析辣椒制品中5种苏丹红

建立了同时测定辣椒粉、辣椒油和辣椒酱中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,G的胶束电动毛细管电泳分析方法,样品经正己烷提取、中性氧化铝柱净化、再经丙酮-正己烷(5∶95,V/V)洗脱,经氮气吹干、乙腈溶解,用40 mmol/L硼砂-40 mmol/L SDS按1∶2的比例稀释后进样。运行缓冲液为2.5 mmol/L硼砂-30 mmol/L SDS-40%乙腈(p H 9.2)。5种色素在13 min内达到基线分离,标准曲线线性范围为1~20 mg/L,线性关系良好(r>0.997),检出限范围为0.12~0.62μg/m L,定量限范围为2.4~12.4 mg/kg。加标回收率为76.3%~98.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。     

基质固相分散液相色谱-串联质谱法检测禽蛋中的苏丹红

应用基质固相分散技术和液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定了禽蛋中的苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ染料.制备样品后装柱,用氯仿-乙腈(体积比为90∶10)混合溶剂洗脱,洗脱液浓缩定容后经ZORBAX SB-C18柱分离,采用电喷雾正离子多反应监控(MRM)模式质谱检测,外标法定量.苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的线性范围分别为0.5～100 ng/g,5.0～100 ng/g,1.0～100 ng/g和2.0～100 ng/g,线性方程的相关系数均大于0.99.样品的添加回收率在87.3%～113%之间,相对标准偏差均小于9.1% .4种苏丹红染料的检测低限分别为0.1,2.0,0.2,0.4 μg/kg,可以满足国内外禽蛋中苏丹红的监控要求.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定辣椒及辣椒制品中金刚烷胺残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定辣椒及辣椒制品中金刚烷胺残留的分析方法。样品采用1%三氯乙酸溶液-甲醇(1∶1)提取,经Oasis-MCX固相萃取小柱净化后用Atlantis T3 C18柱进行分离,以0.1%甲酸水-乙腈(85∶15)作为流动相进行等度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)扫描方式下多反应监测(MRM)模式对样品进行检测。实验结果表明,金刚烷胺在1.0~50μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,鲜辣椒样品的定量下限为1.0μg/kg,干辣椒及干辣椒制品为5.0μg/kg。鲜辣椒在1.0,2.0,5.0μg/kg加标水平下的回收率为72.2%~98.2%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%~4.6%;干辣椒及干辣椒制品在5.0,10.0,25.0μg/kg加标水平的回收率为64.2%~81.6%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%~6.3%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于辣椒及辣椒制品中金刚烷胺残留量的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定辣椒制品中酸性橙Ⅱ

建立了辣椒制品中酸性橙Ⅱ的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品用乙腈提取,WAX弱阴离子固相萃取柱净化浓缩,经超高效液相色谱分离,三重四极杆质谱电喷雾电离(ESI),负离子多反应监测模式检测。结果表明,在1~200ng/mL质量浓度范围内,线性相关系数大于0.998;加标回收率为83.2%~113.2%,相对标准偏差为0.7%~7.2%。检出限分别为1.0μg/kg(辣椒油及辣椒酱)和2.0μg/kg(辣椒粉)。方法适用于辣椒制品中酸性橙Ⅱ的测定。     

电喷雾解析电离质谱法对食品中苏丹红染料的快速检测

将电喷雾解析电离质谱法应用于偶氮类染料的表面解析电离质谱法研究,在优化实验条件后,应用甲醇-水-醋酸(49∶49∶2,V/V)混合溶液作为喷雾溶剂,在不需要样品预处理的情况下,成功地测定了辣椒面、番茄酱、火腿肠、鸡蛋饼中微量的苏丹红类染料,并且应用串联质谱法对测定结果进行了鉴定,排除了测定结果的假阳性。在辣椒面、番茄酱、火腿肠、鸡蛋饼中苏丹红1号的检出限分别0.01 pg/mm2、0.02 pg/mm2、0.02 pg/mm2和1.0 pg/mm2。单个样品的测定时间约1 m in,如果配合小型质谱仪,则可能对食品中的苏丹红类染料进行现场快速测定。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测粮食及其制品中的呕吐毒素

建立了粮食及其制品中呕吐毒素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经乙腈-水(84:16, v/v)溶液提取,HLB固相萃取柱富集净化,采用HPLC-MS/MS法对目标物进行定性确证和定量分析。在Phenomenex Kinetex C18柱(100 mm×4.6 mm, 2.6 μm)上以0.3‰氨水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离;质谱模式为电喷雾负离子监测模式。本方法的检出限(以信噪比(S/N)=3计)和定量限(以S/N=10计)分别为20 μg/kg和50 μg/kg;在20～1000 μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.99。对本底空白的面粉、大麦、大豆、大米、玉米粉、木薯干、小麦等7种代表性基质进行50、100、500 μg/kg 3个含量水平的添加试验,回收率范围为75.6%～111.0%,精密度(以相对标准偏差(RSD)计)不大于13.0%。本方法准确可靠,灵敏度高,经济实用,可替代较为昂贵的免疫亲和柱和多功能净化柱,较大地降低检测成本。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测蔬菜中23种植物生长调节剂

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)快速检测蔬菜中23种植物生长调节剂的分析方法。蔬菜样品采用含1%(体积分数)乙酸的乙腈提取,6 g无水硫酸镁和1 g氯化钠盐析后,无需净化,直接进行UHPLC-MS/MS分析,正负离子同时扫描和多反应监测模式(MRM)检测,基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。23种植物生长调节剂在各自的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.98。除矮壮素、缩节胺的回收率为50.5%~73.7%,其余21种植物生长调节剂在3个加标水平下的平均回收率为70.2%~125.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.7%~22.5%,方法定量下限为1~50μg/kg。该方法简单、快速、灵敏、准确,适用于蔬菜样品中23种植物生长调节剂的快速检测。     

Simultaneous determination of 32 antibiotics in aquaculture products using LC-MS/MS

An analytical multiclass, multi-residue method for the determination of antibiotics in aquaculture products was developed and validated. A fast, cheap, and straightforward extraction procedure followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was proposed. This method covers 32 antibiotics of different classes, which are frequently used in aquaculture. Three different extraction procedures were compared, and the extraction with acetonitrile (0.1 vol. % formic acid) showed the best results. The selected extraction procedure was validated at four different fortification levels (10 μg kg^?1, 25 μg kg^?1, 50 μg kg^?1, and 100 μg kg^?1). Recoveries of the tested antibiotics ranged from 70 % to 120 %, with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of triplicates lower than 20 %. The limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.062 μg kg^?1 to 4.6 μg kg^?1, allowing for the analysis of trace levels of these antibiotics in aquaculture products. The method was applied to the analysis of selected antibiotics in fish and shrimp meat available in the Czech market.     

Ultra-trace determination of aquaculture chemotherapeutants and degradation products in environmental matrices by LC-MS/MS

Two of the most common products currently used to control parasitic sea lice in fin fish aquaculture, salmon in particular, are Slice® and AlphaMax®. Emamectin benzoate (EB) is the active ingredient in Slice® and deltamethrin is the active ingredient in AlphaMax®. Several analytical methods have been developed for the determination of the active ingredients in these products but these have been focused on specific matrices and lack the sensitivity and versatility required in environmental monitoring. Here we present a validated, versatile, and simple analytical method for the determination of EB, its desmethyl degradation product (AB), and deltamethrin in a wide range of environmental matrices (sea water, marine sediment, and tissue). Sediments and tissues were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE®) and sample cleanup was achieved by solid phase extraction (SPE) while sea water was extracted using SPE disks. Analyte identification and quantification was based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) instrumentation with electrospray ionization, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Method detection limits for the target analytes was in the parts per trillion (pg?g^?1) level for tissue and sediment and parts per quadrillion (pg?L^?1) for water. Except for deltamethrin in sea water, method performance in terms of analyte recoveries was better than 60%, and the method precision was RSD<20%. The method was used to determine EB and AB concentrations in water, sediment and prawn tissue samples collected near salmon aquaculture sites treated with Slice®. A distinct concentration gradient was observed in the immediate vicinity (within 50 to 100?m radius) of the salmon aquaculture sites where EB was detected at low ng?g^?1 levels for tissue (EB ranged from 0.041 to 3.0?ng?g^?1) and sediment (EB ranged from 0.051 to 35?ng?g^?1) and pg?L^?1 levels (EB ranged from 3 to 209?pg?L^?1) for water samples.     

A rapid LC-MS/MS method for determination of urinary EtG and application to a cut-off limit study

Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is a metabolite and a specific marker of alcohol consumption that can be detected days after the complete elimination of alcohol after drinking. A rapid, simple, and sensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS method for the determination of urinary ethyl glucuronide was developed and fully validated in accordance with analytical standards, using the C₁₈ column. The whole process including sample preparation and LC-MS/MS lasted 10 min. A comprehensive validation including HorRat, measurement uncertainty, system suitability and intermediate precision calculations among analysts, and a cut-off limit study was performed. The method was applied to real samples and a cutoff limit determination study. The LOD and LOQ (using the IUPAC and Eurachem methods) were determined as 104.21 ng mL^?1 and 165.00 ng mL^?1. A cut-off limit of ≈ 818 ng mg^?1 (normalised to creatinine) was found for urinary EtG. The results showed that the cut-off limits currently in use should be re-considered in further studies and standardised on a global scale. Normalisation to creatinine is important because of the risk of the dilution of urine intentionally or with a change of diet. The concentrations of real samples from subjects who had consumed alcohol were successfully predicted using this method, after zero HS-GC/MS results of urine alcohol concentration.     

气质联用法测定纺织品中多种阻燃剂的研究

目前国内外常用的阻燃剂多为溴系、锑系和有机磷系产品[1].     

Quantification of AICAR-ribotide concentrations in red blood cells by means of LC-MS/MS

AICAR (5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide ribonucleoside) arguably provides performance-enhancing properties even in the absence of physical exercise and, therefore, the substance is banned in elite sports since 2009. Due to the natural presence of AICAR in human blood and urine, uncovering the misuse by direct qualitative analysis is not possible. Entering the circulation, the riboside is immediately incorporated into red blood cells (RBCs) and transformed into the corresponding ribotide (5′-monophosphate) form. Within the present study, an analytical method was developed to determine AICAR-ribotide concentrations in RBC concentrates by means of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method was validated enabling quantitative result interpretation considering the parameters specificity, precision (intra- and interday), linearity, recovery, accuracy (LOD/LOQ), stability and ion suppression. By analysing 99 RBC samples of young athletes, normal physiological levels of AICAR-ribotide were determined (10–500 ng/mL), and individual levels were found to be stable for several days. Employing in vitro incubation experiments with AICAR riboside in fresh whole blood samples, the ribotide concentrations were observed to increase significantly within 30 min from baseline to 1–10 μg/mL. These levels are considered conserved for the lifetime of the erythrocyte and, thus, the results of the in vitro model strongly support the hypothesis that measuring abnormally high AICAR-ribotide concentrations in RBC of elite athletes has the potential to uncover the misuse of this substance for a long period of time.     

Practical determination of methotrexate in serum of rheumatic patients by LC-MS/MS

A rapid and simple liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatic patients' serum is described. Serum spiked with pterin as an internal standard was deproteinized with methanol. The separation of MTX from interfering peaks in matrix was achieved on a Luna 3 µm C₁₈ (100 × 4.6 mm i.d.) column with a mixture of 1% acetic acid and acetonitrile (88:12, v/v) within 5 min. Multiple reaction monitoring transitions monitored for MTX were m/z 455.2–308.1. The calibration curve of MTX in serum showed a good linearity (r = 0.999). Limits of detection and quantification of MTX at a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3 and 10 were 3.0 n m (4.4 fmol/injection) and 10.0 n m (14.5 fmol/injection), respectively. The accuracy and precision for intra‐ and inter‐day assays were 94.6–106.5% and <5.5 and <5.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully applied to the sera nine rheumatic patients receiving MTX treatment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Quantitative determination of tiopronin in human plasma by LC-MS/MS without derivatization

Tiopronin (TP) is a synthetic thiol compound without chromophore. By optimizing the chromatographic conditions and sample preparation processes, an improved LC‐MS/MS analytical method without derivatization has been developed and validated to determine TP concentrations in human plasma. After reduction with 1,4‐dithiothreitol, plasma samples were deproteinized with 10% perchloric acid. The post‐treatment samples were analyzed on a C₈ column interfaced with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in negative electrospray ionization mode. Methanol–5 mmol/L ammonium acetate (20:80, v/v) was used as the isocratic mobile phase. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 40.0–5000 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were within 12.9% in terms of relative standard deviation and the accuracy within 5.6% in terms of relative error. This simple and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method with short analytical time (3.5 min each sample) was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of TP in healthy Chinese male volunteers after an oral dose of 300 mg TP. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Validation of a multi-residue method for the determination of several antibiotic groups in honey by LC-MS/MS

The presented multi-method was developed for the confirmation of 37 antibiotic substances from the six antibiotic groups: macrolides, lincosamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, pleuromutilines and diamino-pyrimidine derivatives. All substances were analysed simultaneously in a single analytical run with the same procedure, including an extraction with buffer, a clean-up by solid-phase extraction, and the measurement by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in ESI+ mode. The method was validated on the basis of an in-house validation concept with factorial design by combination of seven factors to check the robustness in a concentration range of 5-50 μg kg(-1). The honeys used were of different types with regard to colour and origin. The values calculated for the validation parameters-decision limit CCα (range, 7.5-12.9 μg kg(-1)), detection capability CCβ (range, 9.4-19.9 μg kg(-1)), within-laboratory reproducibility RSD(wR) (<20% except for tulathromycin with 23.5% and tylvalosin with 21.4 %), repeatability RSD(r) (<20% except for tylvalosin with 21.1%), and recovery (range, 92-106%)-were acceptable and in agreement with the criteria of Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The validation results showed that the method was applicable for the residue analysis of antibiotics in honey to substances with and without recommended concentrations, although some changes had been tested during validation to determine the robustness of the method.     

A rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for determination of coenzyme Q10 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method with multiple reaction monitoring has been proposed for the analysis of coenzyme Q10 in (CoQ10) tobacco leaves. The method used electrospray ionization with detection in positive ion mode. Sample pretreatment involved ultrasonic extraction of fresh tobacco leaves with anhydrous ethanol for 15 min and followed by extraction of the supernatant with hexane. The separation of CoQ10 was performed on a Symmetry Shield RP18 column with a mixture of acetonitrile and isopropanol (8:7, v/v) containing 0.5% formic acid as mobile phase. Quantification of CoQ10 was performed by the standard addition method. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of CoQ10 were, respectively, 1.2 ng/mL (S/N = 3) and 4.0 ng/mL (S/N = 10). The relative standard deviations of peak area were 0.91% and 1.21% for intra-day and inter-day, respectively. The recoveries of CoQ10 ranged from 98.2 to 99.3% and the corresponding RSDs were less than 2.4%. Analysis took 5 min, making the method suitable for rapid determination of CoQ10 in tobacco leaves. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of CoQ10 in the leaves from eight varieties of tobacco.     

LC-MS/MS method for the determination of cynandione A in rat plasma and tissues

A rapid and sensitive method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of cynandione A in rat plasma and tissues. The plasma samples were pretreated by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate after the internal standard (honokiol) had been spiked. The tissue samples were homogenized with physiological saline and treated further like the plasma samples. The separation was performed using a Zorbax SB-C(18) column (3.5 microm, 2.1 x 100 mm) and a C18 guard column (5 microm, 4.0 x 2.0 mm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of methanol-0.1% formic acid (78:22, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The Agilent G6410A triple quadrupole LC/MS system was operated under the multiple-reaction monitoring mode using the electrospray ionization technique in negative mode. The nominal retention times for cynandione A and honokiol were 1.41 and 2.63 min, respectively. The method was validated within the concentration range 0.2-1000 ng/mL in plasma and homogenized tissue for cynandione A, and the calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients >0.992. The lower limit of quantification of cynandione A was 0.2 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy of the assay in plasma were less than 14.4%, while the intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy of the assay in tissue homogenate were less than 14.2%. This method proved to be suitable for study of pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of cynandione A in rat.