共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
羧甲基壳聚糖对染料废水的脱色研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
纺织工业是我国重要的经济部门,也是我国工业废水的排放大户,其中印染废水排放量又占纺织工业废水排放量的80%,已成为我国各大水域的重要污染源。印染废水的两大污染指标是色度和COD,污染的特点和处理的难点是色度高,脱色困难[1-2]。作为一种天然生物高分子,壳聚糖(chitosan,简称CTS)以其独有的絮凝、成膜、吸附、螯合等性能在印染废水脱色研究领域得到广泛应用[3-8]。作为絮凝剂处理废水时,壳聚糖由于水溶性差而需先溶于稀酸,应用受到一定限制,故人们纷纷将其改性制成水溶性的羧甲基壳聚糖(carboxy-methyt chitosan,简称NOCC)。张秋华[… 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
《化学研究》2017,(4)
研究了在鼓泡反应器中,臭氧氧化优尼素红B-B模拟染料废水在10~70℃范围内的脱色反应动力学.发现并解释了不同温度下出现的反应速率交叉现象,利用紫外可见分光光度法定量分析染料特征颜色(浓度)变化情况.结果表明,在不同温度下,表观脱色反应动力学都符合一级动力学规律,相关系数都达到了0.95以上.40℃下,反应速率常数为0.011 83 s~(-1),臭氧氧化脱色过程符合y=exp(0.521-0.014x+5.02×10~(-6)x~2)方程.随着温度的升高,臭氧在高温下氧化染料的反应速率小于臭氧的分解速率,低温时臭氧氧化的速率高于臭氧的分解速率,导致高温下氧化速率变慢.在40~50℃时,臭氧氧化优尼素红B-B染料废水脱色率最高,利用紫外可见分光光度法对氧化后废水进行分析,结果表明脱色率达到了99.5%. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
壳聚糖对印染废水的絮凝作用和脱色效果 总被引:44,自引:0,他引:44
壳聚糖可作为阳离子型和阴离子型絮凝剂 ,对无机化合物、极性有机化合物、蛋白质等产生絮凝作用[1] .壳聚糖无毒 ,对动、植物无害 ,用其作为絮凝剂的污泥可作肥料 .在环境保护方面具有广阔的应用前景 .本文报道直接用壳聚糖对印染厂废水处理的絮凝和脱色效果研究 .壳聚糖自制 ,广东省佛山市上朗针织漂染厂印染废水 ,上海分析仪器厂 72 2光栅分光光度计 ,可调多联搅拌器 .结果与讨论絮凝效果的测定参照美国材料与试验协会 ( ASTM)有关标准[2 ,3 ] .取印染废液 1 0 0 0 m L,快速搅拌约 1 min,降低转速至约 2 0~ 60 r/min进行慢速搅拌 ,记录… 相似文献
10.
含氢聚甲基硅氧烷/丙烯酸丁酯/羟甲基丙烯酰胺复合乳液的制备方法对乳液性质的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用自由基引发剂用3种不同的聚合方法制备了新型的含氢聚甲基硅氧烷(PHMS)/丙烯酸丁酯(BA)/羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)复合聚合物乳液。详细讨论了不同聚合方法对乳液稳定性和乳胶粒子的影响,同时对聚合反应的机理、产物的结构作了考察.结果表明:通过乳液聚合,得到了PHMS/BA/NMA共聚物;单体乳液滴加法所得乳液粒径较小,乳液性能稳定,是制备PHMS/BA/NMA复合聚合物乳液较适宜的方法. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Saudi Chemical Society》2014,18(5):606-609
For the present study, the cotton fabric and dye solution were irradiated to UV radiation for different times. Dyeing was performed using un-irradiated and irradiated cotton with un-irradiated and irradiated reactive blue dye. Different dyeing parameters such as temperature, pH and time were optimized using irradiated dye and irradiated cotton. The data of colour report were obtained from un-irradiated and irradiated cotton dyed with reactive blue dye using spectra flash (SF650). Colourfastness properties show that UV radiation of both cotton and dye powder has improved the grading of fastness from fair to good. It is found that UV irradiation has not only enhanced the strength of dye on irradiated fabric but also improved the dyeing properties. 相似文献
12.
A versatile method is reported for the preparation of cellulose nanofiber mats immobilized with cobalt tetraaminophthalocyanine (CoPc). This functionalized cellulose nanomaterial was used as an efficient catalyst for the decoloration of reactive dye wastewater. Cellulose acetate was electrospun into nanofiber mats (CA-NM), hydrolyzed with KOH, and then oxidized by NaIO4 to generate aldehyde groups for CoPc immobilization. The functionalization processes on the nanofiber mats were monitored by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). We found these CoPc-functionalized nanofiber mats (CoPc-NM) have high adsorption capacity for reactive dye from synthetic wastewater, which enhances the catalytic oxidation rate of reactive dye when H2O2 is present as oxidant. More than 90% of reactive red X-3B can be eliminated by CoPc-NM/H2O2 in 90?min. UV and GC-MS analyses indicate the catalytic oxidation not only breaking the azo linkages but also decomposing the aromatic parts of reactive red X-3B, and the main products are biodegradable aliphatic acids, such as fumaric acid, succinic acid, and maleic acid, etc. Repetitive measurements also show that this CoPc-NM is quite stable and remains efficient with no obvious decrease of catalytic activity. 相似文献
13.
Lyu Jiahui Han Huibin Wu Qiong Ma Hongchao Ma Chun Dong Xiaoli Fu Yinghuan 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2019,23(3):847-859
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Rational hydrophobic anode has been considered as a promising approach for water pollution remediation. However, the construction method of the hydrophobic... 相似文献
14.
《Journal of membrane science》2002,196(2):185-201
Based on the definition of swelling in emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process, the concepts of apparent swelling and actual swelling are proposed to illustrate the relationship between the emulsion swelling (the osmotic swelling and entrainment swelling) and the membrane breakage, focussing on the effect of the volume change caused by emulsion swelling and membrane breakage on the experimental results. Theoretical analyses indicate that “zero” or “negative” swelling may occur under certain experimental conditions. A bi-tracer method is further proposed and then used to measure the osmotic, entrainment swelling and the membrane breakage simultaneously, only requiring some initial operation conditions and measurements of concentrations of both tracers in the external and internal phases. It has been experimentally proved that this new method is highly applicable in ELM process and provides a useful tool to specify the effects of membrane breakage, osmotic swelling and entrainment swelling in the same experiment. “Negative” swelling may occur under certain operating conditions, particularly when the electrolyte concentration in the external phase is higher than that in the internal phase. The experimental results also indicate that the effect of membrane breakage on the measurement of emulsion swelling should not be neglected to avoid measurement error. Polymeric surfactant LMA is superior to other commercial surfactants as it imparts high membrane stability and small emulsion swelling. 相似文献
15.
Johan Sjöblom Camilla Dagsgård Sébastien Simon Geir Sørland Morten Hana 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2017,38(2):206-215
The present study reports on the influence of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) on essential w/o emulsion properties. The characterization has been undertaken with low field NMR to follow droplet sizes and distributions, sedimentation and coalescence kinetic, bench-scale electrocoalescence (Ecrit) experiments to follow emulsion stability changes, and electrorheology to detect changes in the viscosity upon applying an external electric field. The result is that HPAM does not basically influence the droplet size distribution (DSD) and the stability level of the emulsions as can be expected of bulk polymers. However, there seems to be an interaction between added demulsifiers either through direct molecular interaction or via an interfacial complexation. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of membrane science》2001,190(1):79-91
The osmotic swelling behavior of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) type emulsion liquid membranes (ELMs) was investigated. Using an optical microscope equipped with a camera, the changes in the size of the W/O/W globules were monitored over a long period of time (up to about 4 h). The osmotic pressure gradient between the internal and external aqueous phases was induced by creating a concentration difference of d-glucose between the two aqueous phases. The results indicate that the swelling ratio, defined as the ratio of globule diameter at time t to globule diameter at t=0, decreases with the increase in ϕW/O(0) (initial volume fraction of internal aqueous phase droplets). The swelling ratio generally increases with the increase in the concentration of surfactant present in the membrane (oil) phase. The permeation coefficient of water also increases with the increase in the surfactant concentration. With the increase in ϕW/O(0) up to about 0.42, the permeation coefficient decreases only slightly. However, with further increase in ϕW/O(0), a sharp reduction in the permeation coefficient occurs. The mechanism of water transfer in ELMs of the present work is reasoned to be the diffusion of hydrated surfactants. 相似文献
17.
Qingyu Huang 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(10):1379-1384
AbstractIn this study, the nano-sized water droplets (NWDs) in water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion were employed as mini-reactors, in which Fe3O4/PAM magnetic nano-hydrogels (MNHs) were obtained based on the coprecipitation and inverse emulsion polymerization. In addition, compound nonionic surfactant was used as the stabilizer of W/O emulsion. The test results showed that Fe3O4/PAM MNHs were quasi-sphere particles with a diameter of about 50–380?nm and had superparamagnetism. The percentage of PAM coating Fe3O4 was about 81%. The saturation magnetization of the Fe3O4/PAM MNHs was 21.6?emu/g (Fe3O4/AM (wt/wt)?=?16.63%). The W/O emulsion containing Fe3O4/PAM MNHs (E-2) changed from fluid to solidlike in an external magnetic field. As current intensified or shear rate increased, the shear stress of E-2 increased. 相似文献
18.
19.
In this study, a stabilizing behavior of clay in a 40/60 w/w oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion is investigated by macro- and microscopic morphological observations, rheology, and X-ray diffraction measurements. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic clays (Montmorillonites) are tested for stabilization of emulsion. When hydrophilic clay showing interfacial localization is added to the emulsion, emulsion is not stable to phase separation (creaming). With hydrophobic clay, the emulsion shows phase inversion to water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion due to the increase in oil viscosity which results in phase separation of sedimentation. On the other hand, with the mixture of hydrophilic and hydrophobic clays, the emulsion shows a synergistic macroscopic and microscopic stabilization due to the formation of composite structure at the interface by hydrophilic and hydrophobic clays. 相似文献