InGaAs/InAlAs多量子阱脊形波导及定向耦合器光波特性准矢量分析

提出了一种基于级数展开的三维准矢量束传播法(SE-QV-BPM)用以分析由InGaAs/InAlAs多量子阱构成的脊形光波导及定向耦合器.结果表明，刻蚀深度相同时，TM模比TE模在水平方向限制强，且TM模的模场在波导角上出现畸变；波导间距相同时，定向耦合器TM波的耦合长度大于TE波的耦合长度，对偏振态敏感.分析获得了浅/深刻脊形光波导承载的准矢量TE/TM基模、定向耦合器承载的TE/TM偶/奇模的模场分布及其有效折射率，模拟了光场在定向耦合器中的传输演变情况.另外，SE-QV-BPM导出矩阵小，计算效率高 关键词： 级数展开 准矢量束传播法 多量子阱 InGaAs/InAlAs     

一种新型光子晶体波导定向耦合型超微偏振光分束器

将两个二维空气孔光子晶体波导平行放置,两波导之间由三排空气孔相隔,构成一个定向耦合器.数值分析了TE(磁场平行于空气孔)和TM(电场平行于空气孔)偏振态光波在该定向耦合器中的传播行为.结果表明,减小耦合区两波导间的一排介质柱的半径,TE模的耦合长度减小,而TM模的耦合长度不变.基于此结构,设计了超微偏振光分束器,整个器件的尺寸为10.1μm,与已报道的24.2μm的结果相比,该器件具有更小的器件尺寸和更高的输出效率.     

聚合物填充的狭缝波导定向耦合器的数值分析(英文)

利用亥姆霍兹方程和有限差分法,给出一种用于分析聚合物SU-8填充的双狭缝波导定向耦合特性的数值方法,推导出双耦合狭缝波导模式特性的特征方程,并做了离散化和稀疏化处理,得到耦合波导的模式场分布和有效折射率.通过求解最高阶偶对称和最高阶奇对称模式的有效折射率,得到TE和TM偏振态下定向耦合器的耦合长度.数值分析结果表明,当耦合间距小于800nm时,耦合长度小于100μm.利用椭偏仪测得狭缝波导各层材料的光学参数随工作波长的色散关系,研究分析了双狭缝波导耦合长度和模式损耗的色散特性.分析显示,随着工作波长的增大,两种偏振模式下的耦合长度均减小,且TM模式下的耦合长度大于TE模式下的耦合长度,当工作波长为1 550nm时,二者分别为28.2和26.2μm(两狭缝波导间的耦合间距为0.5μm时).同时,模式损耗也随波长的增大而减小,且TE模式损耗大于TM模式损耗,当工作波长为1 550nm时,TE及TM模式的振幅衰减系数分别为5.65和3.16dB/cm.     

聚合物脊形光波导TM模色散特性的偏振修正

有机聚合物脊形光波导的色散特性对聚合物光子学器件性能具有重要影响.本文利用标量变分理论计算脊形光波导的有效折射率,其用到的近似光场分布运用变分有效折射率法获得.考虑折射率分布的横向变化,基于导模满足的矢量波动方程,利用微扰法对标量变分理论所得有效折射率进行偏振修正,求得精度更高的色散特性.对聚合物多模脊形光波导基模和高阶模的色散特性进行分析,研究了波导结构参数对色散特性的影响,分析了单模波导TM、TE基模的偏振色散特性.研究结果表明,运用本征方程分析TM模的色散特性误差大,必须加以修正;而对于TE模,其误差相对较小.     

亚波长刻槽结构衍射场研究与数值计算

用耦合波理论分析考虑了亚波长刻槽结构有限刻槽光栅对光波场的衍射作用,给出了TE偏振以及TM偏振入射下的耦合波方程,并通过数值计算给出了单槽及多槽在TE偏振正入射下的衍射场分布. 关键词：     

仅有相邻波导耦合的定向耦合器的一般解法

应用切比雪夫多项式 ,求得了仅有相邻波导耦合的 (N +1)× (N +1)定向耦合器在弱耦合、无损耗和忽略正交偏振模场分量间耦合的情形下波导耦合方程的通解。列出线形排列 2× 2 ,3× 3,4× 4定向耦合器的解的表达式 ,并对环形排列 3× 3定向耦合器的解作了较详细的分析     

熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器的传输特性分析

熔锥型保偏耦合器的传输特性决定了其光学原理与功能的实现。为了从理论上分析各参量对保偏耦合器传输特性的影响,基于热-结构-电磁多物理场耦合理论,建立了熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器双锥模型,应用有限元法,分析了各参量对熊猫光纤耦合器传输特性的影响。结果表明应力区与包层折射率差影响耦合区纵向电磁场的分布,折射率差越大,纵向电磁场分布的变形也越大;HE1x1模和HEy11模的传播常量对偏振主轴角度差不敏感,偏振主轴角度差是通过耦合系数进而影响保偏光纤耦合器的消光比的;HE1x1模的传播常量对熔锥的熔锥区横截面椭圆率比较敏感,横截面椭圆率变化6.67%时Δβx11变化0.14%,计算结果表明当熔锥区横截面椭圆率为0.56时可获得较高性能的耦合器。     

基于三波导定向耦合器的紧凑型偏振分束器的设计

为了提高偏振分束器的消光比,利用混合等离子体波导和条形介质波导之间的非对称定向耦合特性,设计了由两个尺寸不同的硅波导和一个中间输入混合等离子体波导组成的偏振分束器,采用三维时域有限差分法对偏振分束器的结构和性能进行优化.实验结果表明:混合等离子体波导中TE和TM模式的双折射率对比通过介质加载波导增强,可获得超紧凑的结构...     

新型结构波导光栅耦合器的耦合特性分析和数值模拟

针对一种新型结构的波导光栅耦合器,通过求解波在直角坐标系下电场分量的亥姆霍兹方程获得了TE导模和TE辐射模的电场。运用模耦合理论分析了光束通过光栅被耦合到波导当中的情况。数值模拟了在不同的波导和光栅结构参数下耦合系数的变化情况。     

基于Ti扩散铌酸锂偏振分束器的研制

对定向耦合型偏振分束器的原理进行了分析。设计了一种零间距定向耦合器,在空间上实现TE/TM模式分束;用BPM软件对所设计的器件进行仿真模拟,对于TE/TM模的消光比分别可以达到21.2dB和19.5dB;该器件在X切Y传的LiNbO3晶片上采用Ti扩散技术制作完成。实验样品消光比测试结果TE/TM模分别为11.5dB和19.1dB,对于消光比不够理想的原因进行了初步的分析。     

Characteristic analysis of a directional coupler in horizontal multiple-slotted silicon wires with slanted sidewalls

The characteristics of the directional couplers based on the horizontal multiple-slotted waveguides with slanted sidewalls are analyzed in detail by using a mode solver based on the full-vectorial finite element method with perfectly matched layers absorbing boundary conditions. The coupling length of the directional coupler as functions of the structural parameters including waveguide spacing, sidewalls angle, the thickness and refractive index of the slot regions, both in quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes, is obtained. The effective indexes and the field distributions of the even and odd modes also are presented. The numerical results show that polarization-independent directional couplers can be realized by properly choosing structural and material parameters.     

Polarization-independent optical directional coupler based on slot waveguides

A polarization-independent optical directional coupler based on slot waveguides is proposed and analyzed by using rigorous full-vectorial analysis methods based on a finite-element scheme. Properly choosing materials and structural parameters makes the coupling length for quasi-TE modes become equal to that for quasi-TM modes. Tolerances to operating wavelength and structural parameters are also discussed. The proposed coupler can be used for highly integrated optical circuits without polarization diversity schemes.     

Active nonlinear integrated optical devices: a numerical analysis

A finite element beam propagation method to analyze nonlinear active optical waveguides is presented. The model takes into account the mutual coupling among the equations describing the electromagnetic field propagation and the ones governing the signal amplification due to a doped medium. The approach is able to distinguish the different behavior of E^x (quasi-TE) and E^y (quasi-TM) polarizations. The performances of nonlinear and doped couplers are analyzed in detail by varying the input power, the field polarization and the pumping scheme.     

Structure of modes of smoothly irregular three-dimensional integrated optical four-layer waveguide

An asymptotic method is used for researching an integrated optical multilayer waveguide satisfying the condition of the smooth modification of the shape of the studied three-dimensional structure. Three-dimensional fields of smoothly deforming modes of the integrated optical waveguide are described analytically. An evident dependence of the contributions that the first order of smallness makes to the amplitudes of the electrical and magnetic fields of the quasi-waveguide modes is obtained. The canonical type of equations describing the propagation of quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes in the smoothly irregular part of a four-layer integrated optical waveguide is represented for an asymptotic method. With the help of the method of coupled waves and the perturbation theory method, the shifts of complex propagation constants for quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes are obtained in an explicit form. The elaborated theory is applicable for an analysis of similar structures of dielectric materials, magnetic materials, and metamaterials over a wide enough range of electromagnetic wavelengths.     

Experimental and theoretical study of turning mirrors and beam splitters with optimized waveguide structures

Integrated waveguide turning mirrors (IWTM) based on total internal reflection are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The effects of the mirror surface displacement, the rotation, and the roughness are studied. The loss due to the various spectral components of the roughness is comprehensively analysed. A wide waveguide turning mirror is more influenced by the low-frequency component, which is the major component of the actually fabricated mirror surface, resulting in high radiation loss of an IWTM with long taper, contrary to expectation. The excess radiation loss is about 0.8 dB/mirror and 1.0 dB/mirror for quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes, respectively, in the optimum design, which could be reduced by further minimizing the displacement error of the mirror position. We also designed and fabricated a low-loss beam splitter with modal interference region, the measured excess losses being about 1.2 dB and 1.8 dB for quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes, respectively, which are believed to be the lowest in this kind of beam splitter.     

Terahertz antiresonant-reflecting-hollow-waveguide-based directional coupler operating at antiresonant frequencies

We report a particular coupling phenomenon occurring in the directional coupler composed of two touching terahertz antiresonant reflecting hollow waveguides. Unlike conventional directional couplers where one even system mode and one odd system mode are excited, numerical results indicate that three (one even and two odd) system modes participate in the power transfer process at the antiresonant frequencies. As a result, the coupling length can be significantly reduced, and it is shown here to be less than 300 wavelengths.     

Effect of wall tilt on the optical properties of integrated directional couplers

The effect of wall tilt on the performance of directional couplers has been studied. There is a significant reduction in the coupling length as the tilt decreases when nonvertical walls, which are inherent in nearly all clean-room waveguide fabrication processes, are considered. Comparison of 90 degrees and 45 degrees coupling lengths reveals a difference of nearly a factor of 2 between them. Experimental data obtained with antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide directional couplers confirm that tilt effects should be considered in any device with large core thickness.     

光子晶体定向耦合三波长功分器

以二维三角晶格光子晶体为研究对象,在该光子晶体中引入两行以一行耦合介质柱为间距的平行单模线缺陷波导.通过分析和研究光子晶体波导耦合结构的耦合和解耦合特性,发现在不同频率下耦合波导的耦合长度不同.利用平面波展开法和定向耦合原理计算了在不同入射光频率下,缺陷波导间耦合波导的耦合长度,设计了一种新型超微光子晶体波导耦合型三波长功分器,实现了归一化频率分别为0.369、0.394、0.435的光波的分束效果.采用时域有限差分法验证了该功分器具有很好的功率分配效果.本文结果有助于光子晶体新型滤波器、定向耦合器、波分复用器、偏振光分束器以及光开关等光子器件的研究.     

电光可调谐有限脉冲响应滤波器设计

为得到高矩形度、低旁瓣、电光调谐逆向可导及通带带宽可调的电光可调谐滤波器,在x切y传的钛扩散铌酸锂(Ti∶LiNbO3)波导上,对周期性分布的N级叉指电极组提供分立电压V,产生周期性电场,实现似TE模与似TM模的偏振转换,进而实现滤波功能。该结构构成有限脉冲响应(FIR)网络,网络传输矩阵H(z)与电压V具有一一对应关系。利用z变换原理,运用待定系数法求解H(z),从而推导所需电压值V,实现了电光调谐逆向可导。加入不同电压,可以实现自由光谱范围(FSR)内不同通带宽度的可调谐滤波特性。通过仿真验证,该算法是可行的。当N为17时,边模抑制比(SMSR)可达到25dB。并且滤波曲线的矩形度随着叉指电极组级联级数N的增大而增大。