Obtaining the apex of the unitarity triangle from B-->piK decays

We present a method of obtaining the apex of the unitarity triangle from measurements of B-->piK decay rates alone. Electroweak penguin amplitudes are included, and are related to tree operators. Discrete ambiguities are removed by comparing solutions with independent experimental data. The theoretical uncertainty in this method is about 10%.     

A novel method to test particle ordering and final state alignment in helicity formalism

In this study,the non-trival effect of the selection of reference particles for decay angle definitions is demonstrated when constructing the partial-wave amplitude of multi-body decays using helicity formalism.This issue is often ignored in the standard use case of helicity formalism.A new technique is proposed to test the selection of the particle ordering,and it can also be used as a generalized method to calculate the rotation operators that are used for the final-state alignment between different decay chains.Moreover,numerical validations are performed to support the arguments and to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique.     

Ordering and magnetism in Fe-Co: dense sequence of ground-state structures

We discover that Fe-Co alloys develop a series of ordered ground-state structures in addition to the known CsCl-type structure. This new set of structures is found from a combinatorial ground-state search of 1.5 x 10(10) bcc-based structures. The energies of the searched bcc structures are constructed with the cluster expansion method from few first-principles calculations of ordered Fe-Co structures. The set of new ground-state structures is explained from the decay behavior of the cluster expansion coefficients which allows us to identify a simple geometric motif common to all structures. The appearance of these FeCo superstructures offers a broader view of the ordering reactions in bipartite-lattice based binary alloys.     

A Combinatorial Proof of Tree Decay of Semi-Invariants

We consider finite range Gibbs fields and provide a purely combinatorial proof of the exponential tree decay of semi-invariants, supposing that the logarithm of the partition function can be expressed as a sum of suitable local functions of the boundary conditions. This hypothesis holds for completely analytical Gibbs fields; in this context the tree decay of semi-invariants has been proven via analyticity arguments. However the combinatorial proof given here can be applied also to the more complicated case of disordered systems in the so-called Griffiths' phase when analyticity arguments fail.     

Simultaneous monitoring of the decay of density and average energy of electrons in the early afterglow of pulsed N2 discharges

Temporal decay of both the density and the average energy of electrons is simultaneously monitored in the early afterglow of pulsed N₂ discharges. Results show the ambiguities associated with the interpretation of electron density decay curves under the possible influence of ionizing metastable-metastable collisions.     

Discrete and continuum spectra in the unified shell model approach

A new version of the nuclear shell model unifies the consideration of the discrete spectrum, where the results reproduce the standard shell model, and continuum. The ingredients of the method are the non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian, energy-dependent one-body and two-body decay amplitudes, and self-consistent treatment of thresholds. The results for helium and oxygen isotope chains reproduce the data well.     

Doubly magic nucleus (108)(270)Hs162

Theoretical calculations predict 270Hs (Z=108, N=162) to be a doubly magic deformed nucleus, decaying mainly by alpha-particle emission. In this work, based on a rapid chemical isolation of Hs isotopes produced in the 26Mg+248Cm reaction, we observed 15 genetically linked nuclear decay chains. Four chains were attributed to the new nuclide 270Hs, which decays by alpha-particle emission with Qalpha=9.02+/-0.03 MeV to 266Sg which undergoes spontaneous fission with a half-life of 444(-148)(+444) ms. A production cross section of about 3 pb was measured for 270Hs. Thus, 270Hs is the first nucleus for which experimental nuclear decay properties have become available for comparison with theoretical predictions of the N=162 shell stability.     

Low-energy QCD and ultraviolet renormalons

We discuss the contribution of ultraviolet (UV) renormalons in QCD to two-point functions of quark current operators. This explicitly includes effects due to the exchange of one renormalon chain as well as two chains. It is shown that, when the external Euclidean momentum of the two-point functions becomes smaller than the scale AL associated with the Landau singularity of the QCD one-loop running coupling constant, the positions of the UV renormalons in the Borel plane become true singularities in the integration range of the Bore] transform. This introduces ambiguities in the evaluation of the corresponding two-point functions. The ambiguities associated with the leading UV renormalon singularity are of the same type as the contribution due to the inclusion of dimension d = 6 local operators in a low-energy effective Lagrangian valid at scales smaller than AL. We then discuss the inclusion of an infinite number of renormalon chains and argue that the previous ambiguity hints at a plausible approximation scheme for low-energy QCD, resulting in an effective Lagrangian similar to the one of the extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (ENJL) model of QCD at large N_c.     

基于电荷转移过程的PAN-C60共聚物薄膜的时间分辨荧光研究

利用吸收光谱和皮秒时间分辨荧光研究PAN－C60星状共聚物的电荷转移过程。PAN－C60共聚物的吸收和荧光光谱结果显示共聚物中存在着电荷转移过程。时间分辨荧光结果表明PAN的荧光衰减遵循双指数衰减规律（一快过程160ps和一慢过程1500ps)，快衰减过程主要来源于聚合物中主链间相互作用产生的空间间接极化子对的影响，慢变过程主要来源于单重态激子的辐射跃迁弛豫。在共聚物中，C60分子的存在除导致PAN激发态寿命缩短外，还影响聚合物链间的相互作用，C60分子对PAN荧光猝 灭作用主要通过慢变过程影响的，而对PAN的空间极化子对的影响主要与其快衰减过程有关。     

New insights into the 243Am + 48Ca reaction products previously observed in the experiments on elements 113, 115, and 117

Results of a new series of experiments on the study of production cross sections and decay properties of the isotopes of element 115 in the reaction (243)Am+(48)Ca are presented. Twenty-one new decay chains originating from (288)115 were established as the product of the 3n-evaporation channel by measuring the excitation function at three excitation energies of the compound nucleus (291)115. The decay properties of all newly observed nuclei are in full agreement with those we measured in 2003. At the lowest excitation energy E*=33 MeV, for the first time we registered the product of the 2n-evaporation channel, (289)115, which was also observed previously in the reaction (249)Bk+(48)Ca as the daughter nucleus of the decay of (293)117. The maximum cross section for the production of (288)115 is found to be 8.5 pb at E*≈36 MeV.     

New results on elements 111 and 112

Experiments on the synthesis and identification of the nuclei ²⁷²111 and ²⁷⁷112 were performed in order to confirm previous results. Three additional decay chains were measured in the reaction ⁶⁴Ni + ²⁰⁹Bi →²⁷³111^*. The study revealed considerably improved data on the decay chain originating from ²⁷²111. One additional chain was measured in the reaction ⁷⁰Zn + ²⁰⁸Pb →²⁷⁸112^*. The decay properties of the chain starting at ²⁷⁷112 are in excellent agreement with the second chain of the first experiment down to ²⁶⁵Sg, where the new chain ends by a previously unknown spontaneous-fission branch. A re-analysis of all the data on elements 110, 111, and 112 measured at GSI since 1994 (a total of 34 decay chains was investigated) revealed that for 2 chains (the second chain of ²⁶⁹110 measured in 1994 and the first chain of ²⁷⁷112 measured in 1996) the results of the new analysis differed from the previous one. In all other cases the earlier data are exactly reproduced. Received: 21 December 2001 / Accepted: 15 January 2002     

Cosmological constraints on the radiation released during structure formation

The European Physical Journal C - Determining the masses of new physics particles appearing in decay chains is an important and longstanding problem in high energy phenomenology. Recently it has...     

Measuring the masses of a pair of semi-invisibly decaying particles in central exclusive production with forward proton tagging

We discuss how the mass of new physics particles involved in a pair of short decay chains leading to two invisible particles, for example slepton pair production, followed by the decay into two leptons and two neutralinos, may be measured in central exclusive production (CEP) with forward proton tagging. We show how the existing mass measurement strategies in CEP may be improved by making full use of the mass-shell constraints, and demonstrate that, with around 30 signal events, the masses of the slepton and neutralino can be measured with an accuracy of a few GeV.     

Polarization predictions and the quark and peripheral models

Inconsistencies and ambiguities in the interpretation of quark-model predictions for decay correlations in resonance production are discussed. A proper relativistic treatment shows which predictions from the non-relativistic model can be expected to hold at relativistic energies where experimental tests are made. The existence of reasonable peripheral models which lead to the same predictions is pointed out, thus indicating that success of the predictions is not nesessarily evidence supporting the quark model.     

MG转轮收集探测系统的检验实验

利用SFC提供的束流对新建的转轮系统进行了检验实验,得到了相关的实验结果.实验证明了该装置的可靠性,为进一步开展超重核的研究完成了预实验.A new set up was built in IMP. The reaction 24Mg+232Th was performed as a test experiment for this set up. The decay chains of 252No and 253No have been observecl in this reaction. The results show that this set up is efficient for the rear events and it is possible to use this set up in the future experiment.     

利用改进的Gamow-like模型研究原子核的α衰变和质子放射性

通过引入离心势和静电屏蔽效应对Gamow-like模型进行了改进,并将其用于α衰变和质子放射性研究,发现改进的Gamow-like模型能更好地符合实验数据。另外,还利用改进的Gamow-like模型预言了16个丰质子核的质子放射性的半衰期以及7个$Z=120$超重核素($^{296-308}120$)α衰变链上原子核的α衰变的半衰期,为将来在大科学装置上合成和鉴别这些新核素提供重要的理论参考。     

On measurement of helicity parameters in top quark decay

To enable an evaluation of future measurements of the helicity parameters for decay in regard to violation, this paper considers the effects of an additional pure-imaginary coupling, or , associated with a specific, single additional Lorentz structure, . Sizable violation signatures can occur for low-effective mass scales (), but in most cases can be more simply excluded by precision measurement of the probabilities and . Signatures for excluding the presence of violation associated with the two dynamical phase-type ambiguities are investigated. Received: 10 July 2000 / Published online: 8 September 2000     

Bi-Event Subtraction Technique at hadron colliders

We propose the Bi-Event Subtraction Technique (BEST) as a method of modeling and subtracting large portions of the combinatoric background during reconstruction of particle decay chains at hadron colliders. The combinatoric background arises when it is impossible to know experimentally which observed particles come from the decay chain of interest. The background shape can be modeled by combining observed particles from different collision events and be subtracted away, greatly reducing the overall background. This idea has been demonstrated in various experiments in the past. We generalize it by showing how to apply BEST multiple times in a row to fully reconstruct a cascade decay. We show the power of BEST with two simulated examples of its application towards reconstruction of the top quark and a supersymmetric decay chain at the Large Hadron Collider.     

General theory of radiative corrections to atomic decay rates

A general expression is derived for the radiative corrections to the one-photon decay rates of hydrogen-like ions. Our approach is based on the evaluation of the imaginary part of the fourth-order Lamb shift for excited states. We thereby avoid the ambiguities connected with electron wave function renormalization. The result may be cast in a form which is manifestly gauge invariant. As an application, we show that the formulas used by Lin and Feinberg in their study of relativistic M1 transitions, obtained by heuristic arguments, are derivable from first principles.