左手性介质透镜系统的赛德尔像差特性研究

根据初级像差理论，系统研究了由左手性介质构造的透镜系统的赛德尔像差特性.分析了左手性介质单折射曲面的赛德尔像差特性，发现其消初级球差的曲面类型比普通介质更为灵活且可用于实成像系统.依据薄透镜赛德尔和数公式，分析和设计了三种只有左手性介质才具备的可消部分赛德尔像差的薄透镜结构参数，提出了几种能同时消除全部五种赛德尔像差的由左手性介质构造的透镜组合系统.研究表明左手性介质相对于普通介质在消像差方面存在较大优势，在光学设计时可以采用更少的折射表面个数或更简单的表面形状即可到达同等的成像性能.     

含衍射光学元件的薄透镜系统初级像差的PWC表示

为了形成与中国传统光学设计体系相街接的折衍混合光学设计的理论和方法,研究了PWC表示的折衍混合薄透镜系统初级像差理论,建立了赛德尔像差和数与P、W、C的函数关系,以及P-∞、W-∞、C-∞与衍射透镜结构的函数关系。采用PWC表示的初级像差理论和高折射率设计方法,获得了折衍混合消色差李斯特型中倍显微物镜的初始结构,结果表明其赛德尔像差和数的理论值与设计值相吻合,从而验证了折衍混合光学系统PWC表示的初级像差理论和高折射率设计方法。优化设计结果与传统李斯特型物镜相比较,具有更长的工作距,且像质显著提高,由于前组为单片塑料透镜,有利于批量生产。     

非球面眼镜片的像差分析和设计

根据非球面眼镜片的赛德尔 (Seidel)初级像差理论 ,分析讨论了在消像散条件下校正球差、彗差和畸变的可能性 ,指出适当优化镜片的形状因子 ,能够获得畸变低于球面镜片的点焦 (即消像散 )非球面镜片。以± 6 .0m- 1 镜片为例 ,给出了校正畸变、点焦、无拐点非球面镜片的设计方法与结果 ,通过性能评价和比较 ,指出非球面镜片的像差校正情况与初级像差理论的分析结果基本一致     

层叠微透镜阵列扫描成像系统的动态像差

以层叠微透镜阵列扫描成像系统的动态像差为研究目标,基于非旋转对称光学系统的矢量波像差理论,建立了层叠微透镜阵列扫描成像系统的动态波像差理论模型,提出一种可用于系统波像差计算的适用性方法。同时,将动态波像差模型应用于两片式微透镜阵列扫描结构的像差分析中,分析了多扫描视场下的初级波像差以及均方根（RMS）波前差,并计算了不同扫描视场下的初级波像差值在光学表面上的分布。所得研究结果对层叠微透镜阵列扫描成像系统的设计优化与装调实验具有理论指导和工程化意义。     

关于左手性介质几何光学的研究(二)

利用几何光学方法研究了由左手性介质制成的简单透镜的光学特性.推理分析了左手性介质透镜处球形界面的负折射规律,并依此表明了常用光学公式仍适用于左手性介质.指出了左手性介质透镜相对于用传统介质制作的普通透镜所具备的固有优点,最后证实了利用单块左手性介质透镜即可完全消球差,并相应提供了零球差左手性介质透镜的设计实例.     

透镜初级球差的横向剪切干涉条纹研究

利用玻璃平行平板构成简单的横向剪切干涉仪可以观察到单薄透镜形成的准直光束的剪切干涉条纹,由干涉条纹分布求出对应的几何像差和离焦量.用焦距为190 mm的单薄透镜做实验,实验结果与计算机模拟结果符合,说明可以从剪切干涉条纹的分布求出透镜的轴向调整误差和初级球差.     

阴影像与眼像差仪的几何光学原理

Howland像差仪是一种由正负柱透镜中间夹着格栅组成的系统。它通过检出人眼透过像差仪所视的变形格栅图中的偏移变形量,来获得对应的人眼的波像差信息。建立了该系统的等效光学成像模型,从格栅所成阴影像的概念出发,得到其成像公式,给出人眼波像差计算方法。     

双贴合无光焦度校正板在双球面镜次镜后的系统的像差特性研究

讨论了双贴合无光焦度校正板放在次镜后的双反射球面系统.根据像差理论分析了消像差的条件,研究了主镜的相对孔径变化、校正板在次镜后的位置变化以及无光焦度校正板的正负透镜的不同组合形式对系统高级残余像差的影响.结果表明：当主镜的相对孔径增加或校正板靠近次镜时,系统的残余像差增加;无论校正板的第一个透镜是正透镜还是负透镜,系统在某一光焦度处残余像差最小,并且靠近次镜的透镜最好采用负透镜.     

同轴收发卡式系统加入平板后的像差校正研究

在卡式系统的后光路中加入倾斜的平板,实现同轴透射端可见光的接收及反射端红外光的发射。该卡式系统口径为400 mm,焦距为4 000 mm,视场为±1.5′,加入平板后会给系统造成较大的像差,为了达到系统设计要求:角分辨率小于1″,MTF曲线在35.7 lp/mm处高于0.6。分析了倾斜平板产生的像差,对比不同材料和厚度的平板对像差的影响。通过加入偏转的双胶合透镜校正像差,但该方法会使系统的出瞳位置发生变化,从而提出使用偏转三胶合透镜保证出瞳位置的校正方法,并对加入的透镜进行公差分析,最终达到设计指标。     

偏心和倾斜光学系统的像差特性

运用一种新的分析偏心和倾斜光学系统初级像差特性的方法—矢量像差理论,分析了具有较大交叉倾斜角的平行平板光学系统和具有较大倾斜角的光楔光学系统的像差特性.通过ZEMAX光学设计软件像差分析功能中的垂轴像差曲线、场曲曲线和点列图加以比较,两者非常吻合,证明该理论可以对具有较大倾斜元件的非共轴光学系统设计起指导作用.     

Aberration-free two-thin-lens systems based on negative-index materials

Since the complete correction of all five monochromatic Seidel aberrations for a singlet lens with random shape or a two-thin-lens system is unprocurable merely by using the conventional positive-index materials both in theory and practice, this paper proposes that when one or both of the two lenses is/are made from negative-index materials, an imaging system composed of a pair of spherical thin lenses is possible to form a real image, in air, free from all five monochromatic Seidel aberrations. The calculated numerical solutions to the structural parameters of such lens systems possessing superior performance are provided and examples of them are illustrated for the given combinations of the two lenses＇ refractive indices, including an ultimately-remote imaging system.     

Design of a dynamic refocus system based on the Seidel aberration theory

This Letter presents an optical design method based on the Seidel aberration theory for dynamic refocus systems.The function of a dynamic refocus system is to increase the amount of return photons when a pulsed laser travels over an extended height range. In this study, the dynamic refocus system is a short focal image system. The aberrations of the dynamic refocus system are calculated individually. Aplanatic lenses are used to eliminate the main spherical aberration. A field lens is used to change the stop position in order to eliminate comas and astigmatism. The effectiveness of the initial design results are confirmed, and the designed dynamic refocus objective with an aperture of F-number 0.98 and a focal length of 14.325 mm is achieved. The total motion of the dynamic refocus mirror is approximately 216 at heights that ranged from 8 to 18 km. The optimum result shows that the dynamic refocus system is an ideal optical image system at each conjugating height with10 km sample thicknesses.     

混合复消色差透镜组的设计原理

通过对混合复消色差透镜组的像差分析导其结构参数的求解方程，根据计算机模拟结果发现，二元光学元件以正透镜为基底和以负透镜为基底时单色像差状况大体相当，但以正透镜为基底时色球差要小得多。     

Selection and optimization of mirror structure of off-axis two-mirror afocal system北大核心CSCD

According to the structural characteristics of aspheric off-axis two-mirror optical system, the imaging characteristics of the system were analyzed by using primary aberration theory. Based on the characteristics of different aspheric surfaces, the vector expression of system aberrations was derived. Using the Seidel coefficients, the primary wave aberration of systems were expanded and values of system aberration for different aspheric surface shapes were specifically calculated. After the evaluation index of the off-axis structure was determined, the imaging qualities of different surface shape combinations were compared. Then the optimal surface shape selection method was analyzed by quantitative comparison results. The results show that compared with other reflector combination methods, the spherical aberration, coma and astigmatism of the off-axis double paraboloid system are all 0, the wavefront RMS is much better than λ/14 (λ=0.587 6 μm), and the Strehl ratio is greater than 0.8. According to the calculation results, it not only has a stronger ability to suppress multiple primary aberrations, but also can effectively compress the volume of the system. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Extension of aberration theory of grating systems from one- to two-dimension extended source

The aberration theory of grating systems is extended from one-dimension to two-dimension extended source. In deriving the aberration formulae, the concept that pupil in the meridional plane is separate from the one in the sagittal plane is applied and the principal ray is determined by a linear equation. Using the Seidel aberration for reference, the aberrations are classified into seven types according to the geometrical characteristics. The numerical simulation of imaging of one model optical systems is made with the aberration formulae and exact ray tracing to examine the accuracy of the aberration formulae.     

折射率失配对双光子三维光存储中像差的影响

双光子吸收三维光信息存储是实现高密度光存储的重要方法。三维数据写入过程中光束需经过两层不同的介质(如空气和存储材料),对像差和存储效果产生很大的影响,因此在理论和实验上分析系统各项光学参量对折射率失配引起的像差和存储效果的影响具有很大的意义。首先建立光学存储系统模型,在平行平板条件下,利用波像差函数推导展开,获得五项初级(赛德耳)像差,即球差、彗差、像散、场曲、畸变,然后对于存储材料在水平和倾斜两种情况下对初级像差进行模拟计算与分析,理论模拟与实验表明:物镜的数值孔径越大,像差随着存储深度增加而增大的速度就越快。     

折衍射混合复消色差望远物镜中的色球差

一个正透镜、一个负透镜及一个衍射光学元件以不同的组合可以构成两种折衍射混合光学系统.当这两种系统消球差、彗差及复消色差后会产生不同的色球差.通过赛德尔像差理论,分析了这两种结构产生不同色球差的原因.计算表明当衍射光学元件以负透镜的平面为基底时产生的色球差为以正透镜的平面为基底时产生的色球差的7倍.对衍射光学元件以负透镜的平面为基底的情形,提出了减小系统色球差的解决办法,使系统色球差减小到0.307 mm.另外设计了一个传统复消色差光学系统,并和折衍射混合光学系统进行了比较,分析表明,衍射光学元件可代替传统光学系统中的特殊光学材料并使系统达到相同的成像质量.最后讨论了衍射光学元件的衍射效率对系统成像质量的影响.     

A Spectrometer Based on Diffractive Lens

A novel spectrometer is designed based on diffractive lens. It is essentially a flat field spectrometer. All the focal points are along the optical axis. Besides, all the asymmetrical aberrations vanish in our mounting. Thus low aberration can be obtained. In this article a diffractive lens is modeled as a special grating and analyzed by using a grating-based method. And a stigmatic point is introduced to reduce the aberrations.