母乳中甲硝唑、替硝唑测定及药代动力学

采用高效液相色谱法测定哺乳妇女单剂量静滴甲硝唑 ( 2 0mg/kg ,n =8)、替硝唑 ( 1 3mg/kg ,n =7)乳汁药物浓度 ,色谱柱为 pecoshereC1 8( 3μm ,3.3cm× 4.6mm) ,氯仿提取乳汁中药物 ,其平均回收率大于 88.8% .乳汁中甲硝唑与替硝唑药代动力学参数tmax,Cmax,t1 / 2Ke分别为 1 .7± 1 .0h ,2 0 .1 0± 4.95μg/mL ,6.4± 3.3h和 1 .3±0 .6h ,1 7.2 3± 3.1 2 μg/mL ,1 1 .0± 3.5h .     

东莞市儿童血清中5种微量元素及钙含量的分析研究

测定了东莞市 1 3 89名儿童血清中锌 (Zn)、铁 (Fe)、铜 (Cu)、锰 (Mn)、铅 (Pb)及钙 (Ca)含量。结果分别为Zn (0 973± 0 2 3 8) μg/mL、Fe (1 1 0 1± 0 2 41 ) μg/mL、Cu (0 90 5±0 2 1 3 ) μg/mL、Mn (0 0 3 9± 0 0 2 0 ) μg/mL、Pb (0 0 5 3± 0 0 1 5 ) μg/mL及Ca (85 2 5 2± 1 4 795 )μg/mL,男女间没有显著差异。     

反相高效液相法测定血清中的佐匹克隆

 建立了测定血清中佐匹克隆的反相高效液相法 (外标法 )。血样用正丁基氯提取后进行分离。采用的柱为LiChroCART 12 5 4柱 (LiChrospher 6 0RPselectB填料 ,5 μm ,12 5mm× 4mmi d ) ,流动相为乙腈 0 0 2mol/LKH2 PO4缓冲溶液 (体积比为 2 0∶80 ) ,紫外检测波长为 2 5 4nm。当佐匹克隆在血清中的添加质量浓度分别为 4 0 0 μg/L ,16 0 0 μg/L和6 4 0 0 μg/L时 ,血清中佐匹克隆的回收率分别是 (73 4± 3 2 ) % ,(82 2± 4 1) %和(90 3± 4 5 ) %。方法的最低检出限为 15 μg/L。方法适用于法庭毒物分析 ,简便、快速。     

催化光度法测定痕量钴的研究

研究了钴 (Ⅱ )离子在碱性介质中催化H2 O2 氧化 2 ,2′ 二甲基 4 ,4′ 二氨基联苯 (o Tolidine)的显色反应 ,发现当Co2 +浓度在 0 8～ 3 6ng mL时具有强烈的催化显色作用 ,而当Co2 +浓度在 0 0 4～0 2 4 μg mL时则对显色作用具有抑制效应。基于此研究了测定痕量Co(Ⅱ )离子的影响因素 ,建立了测定痕量Co2 +离子的催化光度法。测定的线性范围Co(Ⅱ )的浓度在 0 0 4～ 0 2 4 μg mL时 ,灵敏度为 3 1 6× 1 0 -6g L ;Co(Ⅱ ) 0 8～ 3 6ng mL时 ,灵敏度为 1 78× 1 0 -6g L。实验操作简便 ,应用于工业污水中痕量Co2 +离子的监测 ,结果满意。     

氨-碘酸盐介质中白喉类毒素的平行催化氢波

在 0 .4mol/LNH3 NH4Cl (pH 8.3 1 )介质中 ,白喉类毒素 (DT)于 - 1 .89V(vs.SCE)处产生的极谱催化氢波可被碘酸钾进一步催化 ,峰电流明显增大 ,但峰电位不变 ,产生一种氢的新动力波 ,建议称其为平行催化氢波。在 0 .4mol/LNH3 NH4Cl(pH 8.3 1 ) - 5 .0× 1 0 - 3 mol/LKIO3介质中 ,DT平行催化氢波的二阶导数峰电流与其浓度在 0 .2 μg/mL～ 1 .0 μg/mL内呈线性关系 ,可用于生物制品中DT含量的测定。     

人参皂苷Rb2在大鼠体内的药代动力学行为及代谢产物研究

建立快速高分离度液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用方法(RRLC-Q-TOF-MS),分析人参皂苷Rb2在大鼠体内的药代动力学行为,并探索人参皂苷Rb2在大鼠体内的代谢过程.采用Agilent SB-C18色谱柱,流动相A为0.1％甲酸溶液,B为乙腈,流速为0.2 mL/min,进样量为5μL,二元线性梯度洗脱分离,采用电喷雾负离子模式进行质谱检测.方法的检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.08 μg/mL和0.1 μg/mL,线性范围为0.10～ 1.26 μg/mL.结果表明,人参皂苷Rb2静脉注射后的体内代谢过程符合二室模型特征,血药浓度半衰期的α相(t1/2α)和β相(t1/2β)分别为(23.58±1.10)和(1306.55±147.23) min.通过对静脉注射人参皂苷Rb2的大鼠尿液和口服后的粪便样本进行分析,发现Rb2的代谢产物为M6,M2(C-Y),F2,C-K.     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中奥氮平的浓度

 用高效液相色谱法测定了人血浆中奥氮平的浓度。色谱条件 :采用岛津LC 6A型高效液相色谱仪 ;色谱柱为ZorbaxODS (15 0mm× 4 6mmi d ,粒径 5 μm) ;流动相为V(5 0mmol/L磷酸钠缓冲液 ,pH 7 2 )∶V(甲醇 )∶V(乙腈 ) =12∶10∶3的溶液 ;检测波长为 2 70nm ;流速为 1 0mL/min ;柱温 40℃ ;灵敏度 0 0 0 5AUFS ;纸速 2mm/min。实验结果显示 ,在上述条件下 ,该方法的线性范围为 15 μg/L～ 12 0 0 μg/L(r =0 9988) ,最低检测限为 3μg/L ,血浆中奥氮平的平均回收率为 (97 0 2± 3 11) % ,测定结果的日内平均相对偏差为 3 86 % (n =15 ) 。     

轻中度铅中毒儿童的干预治疗

为探讨轻中度铅中毒儿童的干预治疗的方法 ,将 96例血铅水平 10 0～ 4 0 0 μg/L的铅中毒儿童随机分成三组 :对照组为健康教育组 ;治疗A组为服钙组 ;治疗B组为混合组 :服食钙剂的同时 ,配合进行有关的健康教育。分别干预三个月后复查血铅水平。结果表明 ,三组儿童干预前后的血铅水平分别为 :对照组 (n =30 ) 2 0 6 0± 6 6 0 μg/L ,134 2± 4 2 9μg/L ,下降了 35% ;治疗A组(n =34) 2 0 8 5± 6 0 3μg/L ,12 4 0± 4 0 7μg/L ,下降了 4 1% ;治疗B组 (n =32 ) 2 2 5 9± 70 4 μg/L ,10 8 4± 33 8μg/L ,下降了 52 %。干预前各组间血铅水平没有差异 (P >0 0 5) ,而干预后对照组与治疗A组、对照组与治疗B组间比较 ,t分别为 0 970 (P >0 0 5)、2 6 36 (P <0 0 1) ,对照组与治疗B组之间有显著差异。提示健康教育及口服钙剂皆能明显降低轻中度铅中毒儿童的血铅水平 ,而两者同时配合进行 ,效果更加显著。     

镇咳宁糖浆质量标准的研究

用RP -HPLC测定了镇咳宁糖浆中盐酸麻黄碱的含量 .色谱条件 :ShimadzuODS柱 (5 μm ,id 4 .6× 2 5 0mm) ,流动相为乙腈 /醋酸铵缓冲液 (pH 4 .5 ) (2 5 / 75 ,v/v) ,流速 1mL/min ,检测波长 2 5 7nm ,平均回收率 98.96 % ,RSD0 .35 % (n =9) ,最小检测限 0 .4 μg .     

流动注射-抑制化学发光测定多贝斯的方法研究

碱性条件下 ,多贝斯对铁氰化钾鲁米诺体系的化学发光有显著抑制作用 ,提出了一种用于多贝斯质量监测的流动注射 抑制化学发光分析方法。方法的线性范围为 1 .6× 1 0 - 5g/mL～ 2 .0× 1 0 - 7g/mL ;检测限 ( 3σ)为 4 4× 1 0 - 8g/mL ;RSD为 1 .5 % (c多贝斯=2 0× 1 0 - 7g/mL ,n =1 1 ) ;采样频率为 30 0次 /h。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.