锂嵌入对α-V2O5中O2p和V3d轨道电子结构的影响

运用第一性原理计算了锂嵌入对α-V2O5中O2p和V3d轨道电了结构的影响．计算结果表明，不同的锂嵌入位置对O2p和V3d轨道的电了结构有着不同的影响．但锂的嵌入会减弱了V2O5中V=O1键，同时导致V3d导带的劈裂变窄或消失和HO2p价带变宽．最后计算出从每个Li2s轨道到V3d轨道的电子传递数为0．52．     

XPS study of the Li intercalation process in sol–gel‐produced V2O5 thin film: influence of substrate and film synthesis modification

We report on the process of lithium intercalation in V₂O₅ thin films deposited onto standard ITO‐coated glass substrates. The films were deposited via a well‐established sol–gel route, and the samples were examined as working electrodes in a range of potentials versus lithium reference electrode. This paper follows up issues arising from parallel spectroscopic characterizations of the films by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Specifically, the XPS examination showed that not all of the Li‐ion charge inserted was accounted for by the V(5) to V(4) reduction, but the stoichiometric balance could be maintained only by considering additional oxygens arising from the intercalation procedure, leading to Li₂O formation. In this work, we have examined the possibility that the source of oxygen is the ITO substrate. To this purpose, films of V₂O₅ deposited on silicon substrates have been prepared using the sol–gel process and examined by XPS after electrochemical intercalation/de‐intercalation cycles. We show that in this case a perfect balance between electrochemical charge, inserted Li and reduced vanadium is obtained. A further indication of ITO‐substrate effects was obtained from examination, by the same methods, of some unconventional V₂O₅ films that had been co‐precipitated with a siloxane, designed to provide a template structure. The results obtained from this material imply that a barrier layer is formed at the ITO interface and, therefore, the formation of Li₂O is avoided. The results are discussed in terms of the possible degradation of conventional V₂O₅ on ITO as a result of electrochemically induced interface reactions. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

正丁胺对苯膦酸铜的插层反应研究

分别采用溶液搅拌和超声的方法,研究了有机正丁胺分子对苯膦酸铜的插层反应.对插层复合物进行了红外光谱(IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和热重分析等测试及结构分析.结果表明,有机正丁胺的插入使得苯膦酸铜的层间距增大.     

PEO／V2O5复合薄膜中Li^＋的位置与电子结构研究

采用自洽场离散变分Xα（SCC-DV-Xα）方法对纯V2O5及夹层V2O5的能带结构、态密度、键强度、电子集居数等进行了研究，结果表明，Li^ 引入V2O5层间的最佳位置在在双键氧之下（或之上），且靠近层的中心位置，此时它与周围原子间的作用力非常微弱，并且材料的导电性增强，使夹层复合材料Li^ 注入／脱出具有很好的可逆性和较好的光学性质。     

The reaction mechanism of a complex intercalation system: in situ X-ray diffraction studies of the chemical and electrochemical lithium intercalation in Cr4TiSe8

The intercalation reaction between Cr(4)TiSe(8) and Li was investigated from a kinetic and an electrochemical perspective. The structural phase transition from monoclinic to trigonal symmetry was probed by in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (in situ EDXRD) for chemical intercalation with butyllithium (BuLi). A change in the kinetic mechanism was detected for the reaction at room temperature; this was interpreted in terms of a trend from phase boundary control to diffusion control. A single diffusion-controlled mechanism is obeyed at 60 degrees C. The electrochemical measurements and the corresponding in situ X-ray diffraction (in situ XRD) data revealed that the monoclinic host is intercalated up to the composition Li(x approximately 0.1)Cr(4)TiSe(8) before the characteristic phase transition starts. The monoclinic phase undergoes complex structural changes in the following two-phase regime. Owing to the co-existence of two phases, the cell potential is constant for 0.1相似文献   

The formation of intercalation compounds of MoS2 with cations of alkali metals and alkylammonium from monolayer dispersion of molybdenum disulfide

Ion-exchange interaction of the monolayer aqueous dispersion obtained by hydration of crystalline LiMoS₂ with Li, Na, K salts and alkyiammoniiim halides is studied. Intercalation compounds of MoS₂ with hydrated inorganic cations as well as hitherto unattainable intercalation compounds of MoS₂ with alkylammonium cations are shown to be formed under these conditions. The composition and structure of these compounds are investigated.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 672–674, April, 1993.     

Formation and characterization of ethyl 2-oxocyclo-pentanecarboxylate/graphitic oxide intercalation compounds

A study by X-ray diffraction, gravimetric adsorption, gravimetric and differential thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was made of the intercalation compounds which ethyl 2-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate (CBCP) forms with graphitic oxide. The interlamellar disposition of the organic molecule as well as the CBCP/graphitic oxide interaction is also discussed.     

A study on the formation mechanism of graphite fluorides by Raman spectroscopy

Raman spectra were measured of highly fluorinated graphite samples prepared at room temperature, 380 and 515 °C. C_xF prepared at room temperature showed a novel downshifted band at 1555–1542 cm⁻¹ along with G band at 1593–1583 cm⁻¹. Similar behavior is also observed for samples prepared at 380 and 515 °C at early stages of fluorination, after which the Raman shifts completely disappeared. Raman spectra as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggest that graphite fluorides, (CF)_n and (C₂F)_n are formed via fluorine-intercalated phase with planar graphene layers.     

V_2O_5/CeO_2催化剂固相反应的Raman光谱研究

采用浸渍法制备了不同V2O5负载量(分别为5%和15%)的V2O5/CeO2催化剂.利用不同激发波长(514和325nm)的Raman光谱,结合X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-VisDRS)和N2物理吸附技术,考察了V2O5/CeO2催化剂中V2O5和载体CeO2之间的固相反应.结果表明:催化剂在300℃焙烧时,V2O5与CeO2反应生成CeVO4,升高温度有利于固相反应的发生.样品对325nm光的吸收明显大于对514nm光的吸收,因此325nm激发波长的Raman光谱对催化剂的表层信息更为敏感.当焙烧温度较低时,由于受到表层CeVO4的阻碍,未反应的V2O5残留在载体CeO2孔道或粒子堆积孔道内部,因此514nm激发波长下能观察到V2O5的Raman峰,而表面灵敏的325nm激发波长下观察不到此现象.     

SiO2改性的V2O5-MoO3/ TiO2催化剂抗碱中毒性能研究

以陶瓷为骨架,用溶胶凝胶法和浸渍法制备了V₂O₅-MoO₃/ TiO₂催化剂,并用SiO₂进行改性。采用浸渍法模拟碱K中毒,研究了SiO₂改性前后催化剂中毒脱硝效率的变化,并通过BET、H₂-TPR、NH₃-TPD等技术手段对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,加入SiO₂后,催化剂的比表面积明显提高。SiO₂改性后新鲜催化剂还原温度向低温方向迁移10 ℃左右,氧化还原能力得到了提高,其表面酸强度和酸量也得到较大的提高。反应评价结果表明,SiO₂改性可以提高催化剂抗碱中毒的性能。     

实用电极材料体系的共焦显微拉曼光谱研究(英文)

本文简要介绍了实验室内有关利用共焦显微拉曼光谱于某些实用电极材料 (表面 )性能研究的结果 .具体的研究实例包括 :尖晶石锂锰氧化物中Li+ 的嵌入 脱出过程 ,AB5 型金属氢化物电极表面氧化物的性能和钢筋电极表面钝化膜及其孔蚀过程 .     

Photocatalytic properties of mixed tio2/v2o5 films in water purification at varying ph

Summary Thin TiO₂ and TiO₂/V₂O₅ films are first deposited by dip coating from alcohol suspensions. The TiO₂/V₂O₅ films show somewhat better photocatalytic destruction of methylene blue in water than TiO₂ films.     

V2O5-CeO2/TiO2催化剂上低温氨选择性催化还原NO的性能

考察了V2O5-CeO2/TiO2催化剂中V、Ce活性组分的担载量和焙烧温度对催化剂低温催化还原NO活性的影响及其在单独SO2、H2O和两者共存气氛下的抗毒化性能。结果表明,焙烧温度400℃下制备的5V30Ce/TiO2催化剂具有良好的低温催化还原NO活性,空速为10000h-1,165℃时NO转化率达99.2%;500℃以下低焙烧温度时,添加的Ce不与V相互作用,在催化剂表面主要以CeO2形式存在,有利于增大催化剂比表面积,增强V2O5在催化剂上的分散度,提高催化活性。而在500℃以上较高焙烧温度下,Ce与V会形成CeVO4,对活性提高不利。催化剂具有良好的低温抗水中毒性能,但受SO2毒化作用明显,其在SO2、H2O共存气氛下中毒程度较单独SO2下浅。     

锂在共轭双键高分子中的电化学嵌入反应3: 锂在聚萘中的电 化学嵌入反应

研究了锂在导电高聚物---聚萘中的嵌入反应。聚萘样品经650℃处理,作为锂电池的正极,组装成Li/(C~1~0H~6)~n电池。X射线衍射分析、ESR实验、X射线光电子能谱分析等一系列实验证实上述电池的正板反应是锂在聚萘中的电化学嵌入反应。通过XPS实验对嵌入聚萘的锂进行了价态分析,认为嵌进去的锂是以原子态及离子态两种状态存在,其结合能分别为55.7eV和57.4eV。采用电化学暂态测量技术研究了锂在导电高聚物---聚萘中的扩散,计算了锂在嵌合物中的离子电导率及淌度。用Hebb-Wagner直流极化法测量了嵌合物的电子电导。     

Gas-phase chemistry of diphosphate anions as a tool to investigate the intrinsic requirements of phosphate ester enzymatic reactions: the [M1M2HP2O7]- ions

Experimental studies on gaseous inorganic phosphate ions are practically nonexistent, yet they can prove helpful for a better understanding of the mechanisms of phosphate ester enzymatic processes. The present contribution extends our previous investigations on the gas-phase ion chemistry of diphosphate species to the [M(1)M(2)HP(2)O(7)](-) ions where M(1) and M(2) are the same or different and correspond to the Li, Na, K, Cs, and Rb cations. The diphosphate ions are formed by electrospray ionization of 10(-4) M solutions of Na(5)P(3)O(10) in CH(3)CN/H(2)O (1/1) and MOH bases or M salts as a source of M(+) cations. The joint application of mass spectrometric techniques and quantum-mechanical calculations makes it possible to characterize the gaseous [M(1)M(2)HP(2)O(7)](-) ions as a mixed ionic population formed by two isomeric species: linear diphosphate anion coordinated to two M(+) cations (group I) and [PO(3)M(1)M(2)HPO(4)](-) clusters (group II). The relative gas-phase stabilities and activation barriers for the isomerization I-->II, which depend on the nature of the M(+) cations, highlight the electronic susceptibility of P-O-P bond breaking in the active site of enzymes. The previously unexplored gas-phase reactivity of [M(1)M(2)HP(2)O(7)](-) ions towards alcohols of different acidity was investigated by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR/MS). The reaction proceeds by addition of the alcohol molecule followed by elimination of a water molecule.     

Structural study of titanium doped vanadia and vanadium doped titania catalysts

The morphologies and structures of nanostructurally assembled V₂O₅ doped with Ti as well as of the inverse system, V-doped TiO₂, have been studied using transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The bulk structure of the Ti-doped vanadia particles was found to be crystallized in a rod-like shape and to have the phase composition of V₂O₅ with titanium atoms nonuniformly distributed over the surface. A coherent interface between supported V₂O₅ and TiO₂ particles was found to be the main structural peculiarity of the inverse system, V-doped TiO₂ (anatase). The vanadium atoms are partially exchanged for titanium atoms at the interface, which leads to a change in the bond lengths of V=O and V-O-Ti in comparison with those observed in the monolayer supported vanadia catalysts. Both materials showed good catalytic behavior in the reaction of selective reduction of NO by NH₃. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氨再生条件对V2O5/AC同时脱硫脱硝活性的影响

对烟气同时脱硫脱硝过程中吸附SO2后的活性炭载V2O5（V2O5/AC）催化 吸附剂在含NH3气氛下的再生条件进行了考察,发现3%～5%NH3/Ar气氛、300℃、60min再生可有效恢复V2O5/AC的脱硫活性,并明显提高其脱硝活性。基于对SO2和NO的脱除率、再生后V2O5/AC的硫质量分数以及FT IR谱图分析发现,NH3的存在对V2O5/AC所吸附硫的脱附行为没有明显影响,但可显著改变V2O5/AC的表面化学性质,有利于烟气脱硫;NH3还可在V2O5/AC表面储存,显著促进脱硝。     

V2O5/TiO2复合氧化物光催化性能研究进展

综述了近年来V5 离子掺杂改性TiO2光催化性能的研究进展,介绍了TiO2光催化反应机理、掺杂机理及掺钒TiO2复合氧化物的制备方法;从TiO2的晶体结构、吸收光谱和光催化活性三方面,讨论了掺钒对TiO2的影响;总结了负载助剂后的催化剂在不同的催化反应中的应用。     

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of intercalated compounds of fluorinated graphite C2FxBr0.01·yCH3CN

The energy level structure of fluorinated graphite intercalation compounds C₂F_xBr_0.01·yCH₃CN (x = 0.49–0.87, y = 0.084–0.136) has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy providing the information on the electronic structure of compounds in question. The analysis of variations of the binding energy of core levels C1s, F1s, and O1s opens the possibility to explore the nature of the chemical bond C-F in the fluorographite matrix with a varying degree of fluorination, as well as to model the structure of these compounds. The examination of decomposition results of spectra into components has revealed the occurrence of C-F fragments, carbon atoms not bonded directly to fluorine atoms, and “graphite-like” areas, whose contribution to the overall structure increases with the degree of matrix fluorination decreasing. The presence of oxygen was considered from the viewpoint of surface phenomena characteristic of low-temperature carbon materials.