水、低碳醇与环己烷间的液-液平衡的测定与推算

用浊点法与折光分析相结合的方法测定了水-异丁醇-环己烷三元系(体系Ⅰ)30℃下的液-液平衡相图。用色谱分析方法测定了水-若干低碳醇(体系Ⅱ)及水-低碳醇-环己烷(体系Ⅲ)的液-液平衡关系。用UNIQUAC模型预测,实测值与计算值平均偏差对体系Ⅰ为0.49%(mol,下同),对体系Ⅱ为O.71%。体系Ⅲ为1.07%。     

KINETICS OF ION TRANSFER ACROSS LIQUID/LIQUID INTERFACE BY CHRONOPOTENTIOMETRY WITH LINEAR CURRENT SCANNING

The equation of the potential-current curve for the ion transfer across the liquid/liquid interface during the linear current scanning has been derived theoretically. A method to calculate the kinetics parameters for the ion transfer by the way of linear current scanning is presented. The transfer of TPAs~+ ions, which is a typical basic electrolyte ion usually used in liquld/liquid interface electrochemistry, was practically investigated at the water/nitrobenzene interface.     

胶束液相色谱法

表面活性剂分子是一种两亲分子,其聚集体称为胶束,具有增溶作用。许多疏水性物质都能增溶于其非极性区。胶束的这种特殊性质,近年来被广泛应用于多种分离与分析方法中。如胶束增溶分光光度法,以及应用胶束以改进滴定分析、光谱分析和电化学分析等。本文将着重介绍胶束液相色谱法(Miccllar Liquid chromatography,MLC)。     

THE FORMING EQUATION FOR THE LAMELLAR LIQUID CRYSTAL

Based on the characteristics and composition of the lamellar liquid crystal, its forming equation was proposed for the first time. It was found that the predicted location and shape of a liquid crystalline region by the equation match well with experimental results. The predicted size of the region is greater lhan the experimentally determined one. The proposed forming equation for the lamellar liquid crystal provides a new tool lor determining the liquid crystalline region in multicomponent systems. This niav be useful in both basic theoretical research and industrial applications     

热致型液晶聚合物的晶化动力学

本文探讨了液晶聚合物的结晶与液晶相转变动力学机理。通过不同温度下液晶化与结晶化过程的Avrami指数与生长速率的变化,提出了各聚合物液晶生长和结晶生长所可能采取的方式。此外,还对一些液晶聚合物结晶时形成的球晶进行了分析和讨论。     

液膜法处理含氟废水

为了防止含氟废水的污染,人们研究了多种除氟方法,液膜技术是一项新的分离工艺,它操作简单,试剂用量少,有机相可重复利用。本文利用伯胺作迁移载体处理高含量的含氟废水,分离效率较好。 伯胺N_(1923)(简写RNH_2)为流动载体,上胺N_(205)(上海石油化工厂)为表面活性剂,煤油为溶剂。将内相CaCl_2,溶液与油相(含N_(1923)、N_(205)和煤油)按一定体积比例混合,高速搅拌,制成W/O     

含偶氮基团的聚甲基丙烯酸酯型侧链液晶高分子的合成与表征

报道了一种新的含对甲氧基苯氨羰基偶氮苯基团的甲基丙烯酸酯单体及其自由基聚合产物的合成。利用元素分析,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ、ＧＰＣ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ、ＰＯＭ及Ｘ－射线衍射等手段对其结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明,偶氮单体不具有液晶性质,而聚合物则具有向列型液晶相存在,并且它在空气中具有很好的热稳定性。     

室温离子液体的研究进展

对室温离子液体的制备及性能的研究进展进行了评述。室温离子液体的阳离子多为有机含氮杂环阳离子，阴离子通常为体积较大的无机阴离子。室温离子液体用作溶剂，具有液态温度范围宽、溶解能力强、蒸气压低、粘度高、电化学窗口宽等特点，在有机合成、电化学、无机物溶液化学方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

热致液晶性聚酯酰胺的研究进展

热致液晶性聚酯酰胺由于其独特的化学结构，形成了一新的液晶聚合物体系，本文就类热致性晶聚合物体系的研究进展作进行了述评。     

PREPARATION OF POLYMER DISPERSED LIQUID CRYSTALS USING PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION

2-Hydroxycthyl methacrylate (HEMA) and styrene copolymers are prepared by photopolymerization. The electro-optical behavior and microstructure of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal films are investigated by using He-Ne laser andscanning electron microscopy, respectively. With increasing E7 content in the copolymer, droplet size increased, thresholdvoltage decreased,     

EVIDENCE FOR THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINITY OF A FUSIBLE POLYDIACETYLENE

The thermotropic liquid crystalline behavior of a fusible polydiacetylene has beenstudied by using polarizing optical microscopy and wide angle X-ray diffraction. It wasfound that the typical threaded texture can exhibit in the melt and the banded texture canbe observed when applied a gentle shear to the melt. The results indicate that thispolydiacetylene is really a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer.     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON LIQUID SEGREGATION OF NANLING GRANITES

Based on the characteristics of granites of the Nanling region, a procedure was specially designed to do experiment on the immiscible liquid phase. The starting materials were biotite granite + NnF + LiF. Under 1000 bar and 840℃, more than two immiscible liquid phases were produced from the homogeneous granite melt rich in F and Li. Electron microprobe data suggest that the immiscible liquid phases can be divided into (ⅰ) a silicate melt rich in F and Fe (melanocratic glass balls), (ⅱ) a silicate melt poor in F (matrix glass), and (ⅲ) a melt consisting mainly of fluorates (leucocratic glass balls). In conjunction with the chemical and mineral compositions, the structure and texture of granites in the Nanling region, the experimental results are discussed in this paper. The theory of liquid immiscibility can well account for the globular structure, glass inclusions pressent in minerals mineralized globular "inclusions", flow structure, banded structure and layer structure as are observed in Nanling g     

高效液相色谱法测定间苯二酚反应液中间苯二酚的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定间苯二酚反应液中间苯二酚含量的方法。色谱柱为Diamonsil ODS(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为A与B的混合液(体积比为5∶95,A:乙腈,B:5 mmol/L1,8-二胺辛烷与20 mmol/L庚磺酸钠水溶液混合后调节至pH4.5),检测波长为276 nm。间苯二酚与反应液中其它杂质分离较好。间苯二酚的浓度在0.1~0.5 g/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性。加标回收率为99.25%~99.44%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.85%(n=8)。     

聚苯胺在离子液体/水体系中的微乳液法合成

通过乳化剂OP-10的乳化作用,将油相为溶有苯胺单体的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([bmim]PF6)离子液体与水形成了水包油型微乳液.利用该微乳液制备了纳米粒径的导电聚苯胺颗粒.红外光谱和能量散射谱分析结果表明,离子液体负离子已掺杂进入聚苯胺分子链,所得聚苯胺颗粒热稳定性和电化学稳定性好,且具有良好的充放电性能.     

庚烷与液态三氧化硫反应特性的研究

研究了庚烷与三氧化硫在1,2-二氯乙烷溶剂下的磺化反应。采用阳离子交换树脂测定反应总酸量的方法,讨论了滴加速度、反应温度、反应物浓度及其相对比例对磺化程度的影响,发现其磺化程度主要与反应物浓度、反应物相对比例有关,而阳离子树脂交换滴定测定反应总酸量的方法与传统的滴定二氧化硫的方法相比,具有简单、方便而且准确的优点。此外,还考察了其它直链饱和烷烃的磺化反应。     

乳化液膜清除分离胆红素的研究

以液体石蜡为膜相,司班８０为表面活性剂,乙酸乙酯为转移载体,氢氧化钠水溶液为内相制备了一种新型的乳化液膜,用于清除分离对人体有害的胆红素,其分离过程具有不可逆的特点,分离的速度快,清除率高,对游离胆红素的清除率为９９．８％,对未结合胆红纱的清除率为８３．０％,分离的速度和清除率优于其他分离方法。     

液相色谱仪波长校准的新方法

提出了用咖啡因乙腈溶液进行高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)波长校准的新方法,并在两台高效液相色谱仪上进行了实验,实验结果均能达到JJG705-2002液相色谱仪检定规程中关于波长示值误差与波长准确度检定的要求。相对于原波长检定方法,该方法简单易行,对仪器没有任何污染。     

含柔性间隔基的热致液晶性共聚酯的合成

将己二酸、辛二酸、癸二酸、1,10-十二烷基羧酸经酰氯化后,分别与对羟基苯甲酸合成,得到了四种二元羧酸以及与其相应的四种二元酰氯,并发现前者具有热致液晶性。 将上述单体与对苯二酚、氯代对苯二酚以及联苯二酚用溶液缩聚的方法合成了十二种规则共聚酯,并用热台偏光显微镜、DSC、X-衍射等方法对共聚酯进行了表征。结果发现各共聚酯均为向列型热致液晶,并都具有较宽的液晶态温度范围。通过改变分子结构可使共聚酯的熔点在150—300℃之间变化。