Synthesis, conformational studies and inclusion properties of N-substituted tetrahomodiazacalix[4]arenes

A series of tetrahomodiazacalix[4]arenes (1–8) with different substituents (or substituted) at the upper rim and/or N-side arm has been synthesized with acceptable yields. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, MS and NMR methods. In particular, 5 was shown by X-ray crystallography to adopt the cone conformation in the solid state. Two-phase picrate extraction showed that 2 and 6, bearing N-2-picolyl arms, are the best extractants. Of the cations tested, Ag(I) is the best extracted by almost all ligands and the extraction efficiency follows the order 2-picolyl > 3-picolyl > 4-picolyl.     

新型共价键连的富勒烯-卟啉化合物的合成与表征

为了构造一个具有有效电荷转移的给-受体体系,通过1,3-偶极加成反应,由5-[2-'(4″-醛基苯氧丙氧苯基)]-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(H₂P-CHO)、肌氨酸和C₆₀首次合成了一种新的以共价键相连的富勒烯-卟啉配体(H₂P-C₆₀),同时用该配体制备了其锌配合物(ZnP-C₆₀),并用红外光谱、元素分析、电子光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱等方法进行了表征.     

Schiff碱双冠醚和稀土硝酸盐配位行为的研究

迄今为止,研究稀土冠醚配合物所用的配体都是分子中含一个冠醚环的单冠醚化合物,配体中含有两个冠醚环的双冠醚稀土配合物还未见到报道。Handside于1982年报道了一系列结构式为右边所示的Schiff碱双冠醚。本文报道m=2,n=2的Schiff     

Facile Synthesis,Characterization, and Fluorescence Studies of Novel Porphyrin Appended Thiazoles

A facile and high yielding synthesis of porphyrin appended thiazoles 5 from the reaction of 5‐(4‐thiocarboxamidophenyl)‐10,15,20‐triphenylporphyrin with α‐bromo ketones has been described. The fluorescence studies of synthesized porphyrin appended thiazoles 5 in chloroform indicate that porphyrin π system is not greatly perturbed by substitution of a thiazole moiety at meso‐phenyl ring even in the excited state.     

新型桥连双卟啉化合物的合成及结构表征

通过将4,4′-二羧基-2,2′-联吡啶、2,6-二溴甲基吡啶、2,6-二羟甲基吡啶和1,8-二氨基萘分别与5-(4-羟基苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(1a)、5-(4-甲酰苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(1b)和5-[4-(4′-溴代丁氧基)苯基]-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(1c)反应,合成了3类新型的双卟啉化合物2a-2e,经IR,¹HNMR,MS,UV-Vis光谱及元素分析对中间体和目标化合物的结构进行了表征.     

新型卟啉化合物的合成及性质

利用微波反应和模板效应合成了带有苯乙烯撑单元的新型卟啉化合物和锌卟啉配合物. 通过 1H NMR, IR和MALDI-TOF-MS等技术对其结构进行了表征. 通过测定UV-Vis和PL对两种卟啉化合物光学性能进行了研究. 利用TGA和循环伏安法研究了锌卟啉配合物的热稳定性和电化学性质, 并以锌卟啉配合物作为掺杂剂利用蒸镀法制备了电致发光器件, EL谱发射峰位于556 nm.     

Polymethylated DOTA ligands. 1. Synthesis of rigidified ligands and studies on the effects of alkyl substitution on acid-base properties and conformational mobility

This work describes the synthesis and the conformational properties of new polymethylated macrocyclic ligands of potential interest for magnetic resonance imaging. M4cyclen, (2S,5S,8S,11S)-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane, was obtained by cyclotetramerization of (2S)-1-benzyl-2-methylaziridine followed by catalytic hydrogenation. The ligands M4DOTA, [(2S,5S,8S,11S)-4,7,10-tris-carboxymethyl-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl- 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]acetic acid, and M4DOTMA, (R)-2-[(2S,5S,8S,11S)-4,7,10-tris-((R)-1-carboxyethyl)-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]propionic acid, were prepared by carboxyalkylation of M4cyclen in the presence of Na(2)CO(3). The triacetic ligand M4DO3A, [(2S,5S,8S,11S)-4,7-bis-carboxymethyl-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]acetic acid, was obtained in good yields without traces of M4DOTA if NaHCO(3) was the acid scavenger when adding the carboxylic arms. In the same conditions, cyclen yielded M4DOTA in 82% yield. The difference between the reactivity of cyclen and M4cyclen is assigned to the high basicity of the substituted tetraamine as estimated by NMR titration. The one- and two-dimensional (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of M4DOTA and M4DOTMA in the H(4)L or H(6)L(2+) forms are interpreted as arising from a slow exchange between two elongated geometries in which the methyl substituents are in one of the two possible equatorial-like positions, either close to or away from the carboxylic arms. The axial-like positions are sterically too crowded and cannot be occupied by the methyl groups. An elongated conformation is also adopted by DOTMA, (R)-2-[4,7,10-tris-((R)-carboxyethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]propionic acid, in the H(6)L(2+) form. The rigidification of the polymethylated ligands allows a detailed NMR analysis that cannot be carried out on the parent unsubstituted ligand DOTA.     

Synthesis and conformational studies of gamma-aminoxy peptides

We have synthesized a series of gamma-aminoxy acids, including unsubstituted and gamma4-Ph-, gamma4-alkyl-, and gamma(3,4)-cyclohexyl-substituted systems. Coupling of these monomers to oligomers can be realized using EDCI/HOBt (or HOAt) as the coupling agent. gamma-Aminoxy peptides can form 10-membered-ring intramolecular hydrogen bonds-so-called "gamma N-O turns"-between adjacent residues, the extent of which is controlled by the nature of the side chain of each gamma-aminoxy acid residue, increasing from the unsubstituted gamma-aminoxy peptide to the gamma4-alkyl aminoxy peptides to the gamma4-phenyl- and gamma(3,4)-cyclohexyl-substituted aminoxy peptides. The presence of two consecutive homochiral 10-membered-ring intramolecular hydrogen bonds leads to the formation of a novel helical structure. Theoretical studies on a series of model peptides rationalize very well the experimentally observed conformational features of these gamma-aminoxy peptides.     

Synthesis,characterization, CT-DNA binding and docking studies of novel selenated ligands and their palladium complexes

A novel selenated Schiff base (S) -L ¹ H has been synthesized from (2S)-1-(benzylselanyl)-3-phenylpropan-2-amine which upon reduction formed a reduced Schiff base (S) -L ² H . Palladium (II) complexes (S) -1 and (S) -2 of ligands (S) -L ¹ H and (S) -L ² H respectively were successfully synthesized. The structures of all four compounds were thoroughly identified by analytical and various spectroscopic techniques. The absolute molecular structures of the above two complexes were further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both (S) -L ¹ H and (S) -L ² H coordinated as monobasic ((S) -L ^1–2 ), chelating, tridentate (Se,N,O⁻) ligands resulting in the complexes of composition (S) - [PdCl( L ^1/2 )] [(S) -1/2 ]. In the crystals of complexes (S) -1 and (S) -2 , there were moderate to strong Se⋯O, CH⋯Cl and CH⋯O types of intermolecular secondary interactions. CT-DNA binding activity of these selenium-containing ligands and their palladium complexes bearing a Pd–Se bond have been evaluated for the first time by performing electronic absorption titration and fluorescence emission quenching using CT-DNA-EB and viscometric experiments. These ligands and complexes exhibited remarkable DNA binding activity as shown by their intrinsic DNA binding constants (K_b) and Stern–Volmer constants (K_sv) in the ranges 5.2–9.9 × 10⁴ and 3.6–4.7 × 10⁴, respectively. The viscosity of CT-DNA decreases with increasing concentration of these compounds. The results of the DNA-binding studies revealed that all of the compounds interact with DNA at a minor groove which was further confirmed by molecular docking studies.     

Polymethylated DOTA ligands. 2. Synthesis of rigidified lanthanide chelates and studies on the effect of alkyl substitution on conformational mobility and relaxivity

M4DOTA, [(2S,5S,8S,11S)-4,7,10-tris-carboxymethyl-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]acetic acid (2e), and M4DOTMA, (R)-2-[(2S,5S,8S,11S)-4,7,10-tris-((R)-1-carboxyethyl)-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]propionic acid (3e), are derivatives of ligand DOTA (1e) that form sterically crowded lanthanide chelates. M4DOTMA forms highly symmetric and totally rigid single Y(3+) and Yb(3+) species in which the ring substituents occupy corner positions in a square antiprismatic arrangement as shown by molecular mechanics calculations and by a quantitative interpretation of the relative magnitudes of the paramagnetic (1)H NMR shifts of dipolar origin. The NMR spectrum of YbM4DOTMA(-) displays two intense methyl peaks outside the 0-10 ppm range whose shift difference is strongly temperature dependent. YbM4DOTMA(-) (3d) could be a useful probe in magnetic resonance thermometric imaging. With only four methyl substituents on the tetraaza ring, M4DOTA forms three Yb(3+) species in solution. The methyl substituents prevent the inversion of configuration of the ethylenic groups but not of the acetate arms. Although the methyl groups are likely to preferably occupy ring corner positions, the dipolar equations do not allow one to distinguish with certainty between the two available corner (equatorial) orientations. Reliably applying the dipolar equations is less obvious than usually assumed. A single methyl substituent as in ligand MDOTA (5e) suffices to rigidify the tetraaza cycle but not the acetate arms. Racemic YbMDOTA(-) (5d) is present in solution as four totally asymmetric topomers with the methyl groups occupying either one of the two equatorial positions. A complete assignment of the solution structures on the basis of the dipolar equations is again uncertain. The nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion curves of the Gd(3+) chelates of all the methylated DOTA ligands including DOTMA, (R)-2-[4,7,10-tris-((R)-carboxyethyl)- 1,4,7,10- tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl]propionic acid, are very similar, and intermolecular conformational processes appear to have no influence on the relaxivity of these small complexes for which the relaxation T(1) is mainly determined by the rotational correlation time (tau(r)). The hydration number of the Tb(3+) chelates measured by fluorescence decreases from DOTMA to M4DOTMA presumably because steric crowding leads to an increase of the metal-water distance.     

Novel pyrazole fused heterocyclic ligands: Synthesis,characterization, DNA binding/cleavage activity and anti-BVDV activity

A series of novel pyrazole fused heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized via a two-step procedure or a one-pot two step method,and their catalytic DNA cleavage abilities and anti-BVDV activities were also evaluated.The results obtained indicated that compounds 3b-3c could catalyze the cleavage of supercoiled DNA(pUC 19 plasmid DNA) to nicked DNA under physiological conditions with high yields via a hydroiytic mechanism.The studies on anti-viral activities against bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV) demonstrated that some of the pyrazole derivatives showed pronounced anti-BVDV activity with interesting EC_(50) values and no significant cytotoxicity.Among them,compound 31 showed the highest antiviral activity(EC_(50) = 0.12 μmoI/L) and was 10 fold more than that of the positive control ribavirin(EC_(50)= 1.3 μmol/L),which provided a potential candidate for the development of anti-BVDV agents.     

Synthesis of a New pH-Dependent Ligand: Conformational and Complexation Studies

A new macrocyclic ligand, 3, which exhibits pH-induced conformational changes, has been prepared. This ligand consists of a crown ether derived from a trans-anti-trans 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted cyclohexane. Due to the stereochemistry of the substituents on the carbocyclic ring, two different low-energy conformations of the crown ether are possible. Ligand 3 has been studied in solution by ¹H NMR spectroscopy at different values of pH and temperature, showing that the conformation of the crown ether, and thus its complexing ability, is strongly pH-dependent. The solid-state structure of the ligand has been determined by X-ray diffraction.     

咪唑修饰的卟啉化合物的合成及其对卤素离子的选择性识别

设计合成了以卟啉为分子“探针”的咪唑修饰的卟啉类化合物4和5. 通过对核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见光谱及荧光发射光谱的研究显示, 化合物5通过卟啉环中心的锌及2个咪唑环上的活性氢与卤素离子形成三点键合超分子络合物, 并能选择性识别氟离子和氯离子(键合常数分别为5.95×10⁴和7.17×10⁴ mol^-1·L).     

Synthesis of thiamacrocycles and conformational studies on their precursors

1-(4-Nitrophenyl)-7-phenylthioheptane (1) and -9-phenylthiononane (2) have been synthesized and their conformations studied in solution and in the solid state. MMX calculations suggest that the global energy minimum structures are bent in the gas phase, probably owing to edge-to-face intramolecular attractive interaction between the electron rich and the electron poor terminal aryl groups. These conformations were confirmed in solution using 2D NOESY NMR. In the solid state, 1 and 2 exist in the staggered, linear conformation, stacked head-to-tail, with the plane of the nitro group being tilted above the plane of the benzene ring. It appears that the crystal lattice forces overcome the weak edge-to-face intramolecular aromatic interactions that dominate in the gas phase and in solution. The corresponding azides were treated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to generate the nitrenium ions, which underwent intramolecular ring-closure to give the corresponding 17- and 19-membered ring thiamacrocycles in modest yields. These results support the suggestion that MMX calculations on appropriate model compounds may be useful in predicting which precursors will lead to macrocycles and which will not.     

Synthesis and conformational studies on some Nitro- and aminophthalideisoquinoline derivatives

Summary Nitro- and Aminophthalideisoquinolines were synthesized with a new efficient method. The molecular conformation of these derivatives was studied by¹H NMR methods. On the basis of these studies tritoqualine was to be found theerythro racemate.

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Synthese und Konformationsuntersuchungen von Nitro- und Aminophthalidisochinolin

Zusammenfassung Nitro- und Aminophthalidisochinoline wurden nach einem neuen effizienten Verfahren hergestellt. Konformationsuntersuchungen dieser Verbindungen wurden mit Hilfe von¹H-NMR-Methoden vorgenommen.

     

Synthesis,physico-chemical studies and biological evaluation of new metal complexes with some pyrazolone derivatives

A series of N-substituted-4-thiocarbamoyl-5-pyrazolone derivatives (HL¹-HL⁴) is presented as chelating agents for complexation with Fe(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) metal ions. The synthesized pyrazolone ligands and their newly metal complexes are characterized by different spectral and analytical methods such as UV–Vis, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ESR, MS, magnetic measurement, and TGA. The spectral data reveal that ligands coordinated to metal ions in a bidentate pattern via O & N atoms of the OH group at C(5) and thiocarbamoyl (–CSNHR) at C(4) of the pyrazolone ring. Also, the analytical data suggest the stoichiometries 2:3 (M:L) for both Cu(II) & Ni(II) complexes and 1:3 for Fe(III) complexes. Besides, the normal magnetic moments values for Fe(III) complexes confirm high spin octahedral structure while the diamagnetic nature of all Ni(II) complexes is consistent with square planar geometry. However, the subnormal magnetic values for Cu(II) complexes suggest the proposal of their binuclear structures. The ESR spectra of the Cu(II) complexes support the distorted square planar geometry with a considerably strong intradimeric spin-exchange interaction. Moreover, the anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal activities are screened. Among the synthesized compounds, HL⁴ ligand exhibits a significant broad spectrum of action against Gram-positive (S. aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (P. vulgaris), and antifungal potency against A. fumigatus & C. albicans in comparison with gentamicin and ketoconazole drug. Such potency of HL⁴ could be related to the insertion of the p-chloro in the phenyl group attached to the pharmacophoric thiocarbamoyl group at C(4). Furthermore, IC₅₀ values of two Cu(II) complexes derived from HL² and HL³ display nearly twofold or threefold more cytotoxicity impact against three cell lines (MCF-7, HCT116 and HepG-2) compared with cis-platin as positive control.     

新型β,β-桥连双卟啉的合成及其光敏活性研究

以1,6-二溴己烷为桥连试剂, 2-(1-羟基萘基)-5,10,15,20-四苯基卟啉及其Cu(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ)配合物为原料, 合成了4个新型β,β-桥连双卟啉. 以1,3-二苯基异苯并呋喃(DPBF)为猝灭剂, 测试了双卟啉及其Ni(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ)配合物在光照条件下产生单线态氧的能力, 并研究了4个双卟啉化合物在光照和无光照条件下对pBR322质粒DNA的切割能力(用凝胶电泳)和对金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 25923)的光敏抑菌活性. 结果表明, 新型双卟啉光敏剂具有较好光敏活性, 产生的活性氧能有效杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌.     

Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical, and electrical measurements of novel 4,4′-isopropylidendioxydiphenyl bridged bis and cofacial bis-metallophthalocyanines (Zn, Co)

4,4′-Isopropylidendioxydiphenyl bridged bis-metallophthalocyanines Zn(II) (5) and Co(II) (6) were synthesized from the compound 4,4′-isopropylidendioxydiphthalonitrile (3) and 4,5-bis(hexylthio)phthalonitrile (4). The new cofacial bis-phthalocyanines Zn(II) (7) and Co(II) (8) were synthesized from the corresponding 3 which can be obtained by the reaction of 4,4′-isopropylidendiphenol (1) with 4-nitrophthalonitrile (2). These complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis, FT-IR, ¹H NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. The electrochemical properties of the complexes were examined by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry in nonaqueous media. Electrochemical results showed that while there is not any considerable interaction between the two phthalocyanine rings in bisphthalocyanine complexes 5 and 6, the splitting of the molecular orbitals occurs as a result of the strong interaction between the phthalocyanine rings in cofacial complexes 7 and 8.

Measurements of capacitance showed a well defined decrease with increasing frequency and an increase with increasing temperature at lower frequencies.     

Novel triazolopeptides: chirospecific synthesis and conformational studies of proline derived analogs

Replacing the backbone amide function by a heterocyclic bioisostere, [3+2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition has been applied for the construction of biologically relevant peptidomimetics. Starting from aminoalkynoates, triazole formation was accomplished by addition of hydrazoic acid. NMR studies displayed that the newly developed 4,5-triazolopeptides, which incorporate a biomimetic triazole NH-function as polar constraint element, showed a substantially higher tendency to form a cis-prolyl-geometry than a comparable native peptide sequence.