基于生命周期评价技术研究全铁含量测定对环境的影响

利用生命周期评价软件Sima Pro7和环境影响评价模型IMPACT 2002+,通过对化学分析方法的清单分析及计算,评价和比较了3种测定铁矿中全铁含量的化学分析方法(酸溶法、碱熔法、微波消解法)对人类健康、生态质量、气候变化及资源消耗等的影响。发现3个方法对环境的影响主要集中于人类健康危害、气候变化和资源消耗方面。通过计算3种方法的生命周期单一环境负荷值,发现碱熔法、酸溶法和微波消解法的单一环境负荷值分别为1.97,1.81,0.07 m Pt,对环境总体的影响,碱熔法和酸溶法分别为微波消解法的28倍和26倍。单独对人类健康危害指标而言,碱熔法为1.15 m Pt,酸溶法为1.07 m Pt,微波消解法仅为0.039 6 m Pt。碱熔法、酸溶法和微波消解法的碳足迹分别为5.12,4.62,0.189 kg CO_2eq。说明微波消解法排放量最小,其环境友好性最佳,值得推荐。     

示波极谱法测定地质样品中痕量碘的样品分解方法比较

分别用半熔法、热解法、碱熔法，酸蒸馏法分解地质样品，极谱法测定痕量碘。比较了４种分解方法的效果。指出了半熔法为最佳。     

A dissipative exponentially-fitted method for the numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation

A dissipative exponentially fitted method is constructed in this paper for the numerical integration of the Schr?dinger equation. We note that the present method is a nonsymmetric multistep method (dissipative method) An application to the bound-states problem and the resonance problem of the radial Schr?dinger equation indicates that the new method is more efficient (i.e. more accurate and more rapid) than the classical dissipative method and other well-known methods. Based on the new method and the method of Raptis and Allison(19) a new variable-step method is obtained. The application of the new variable-step method to the coupled differential equations arising from the Schr?dinger equation indicates the efficiency of the new approach.     

纳米氧化铁溶胶中铁含量测定方法的研究

在测定纳米氧化铁溶胶中铁含量时，EDTA滴定法和光度法的可靠性和重现性均可与原子吸收光谱法相比拟，所测得数据为优化合成纳米氧化铁溶胶条件提供了可靠简便的方法。     

改性活性炭纤维脱除低浓度COS后的再生研究

分别用溶剂再生和气体热再生的方法对脱低浓度氧硫化碳(COS)失活后的改性活性炭纤维(ACF)进行再生。考察了再生后的改性ACF的脱硫性能,研究再生时间、再生温度等对ACF再生效果的影响。结果表明,溶剂再生和气体热再生都有效果。其中,溶剂法中用水再生的效果较好;气体热再生中用N2再生的效果较好。     

蛋白质二级结构预测的综合分析

本文提出了一个蛋白质二级结构预测结果的综合分析方法, 它综合了常用的几种二级结构预测法(Chou-Fasman方法、Garnier方法, Cohen方法、疏水性分析法), 取各方法之长, 对由每种方法得到的有差别的结果进行综合分析, 经过这样处理, 可使蛋白质二级结构预测精度提高7%左右。     

Disintegration test to measure lot-to-lot variations of vaginal tablets

Attempts were made to investigate the disintegration test for vaginal tablets. Disintegration tests were done for four different commercial vaginal tablets (three lots each) by the watch glass method and Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) disintegration method, and the resulting profiles were compared to those by the modified British Pharmacopoeia (BP) method on a point of lot-to-lot variation of the disintegration times. The disintegration time of every tablet by the modified BP method was longest, followed by the watch glass method, and finally by the JP disintegration method. The results for lot-to-lot differences in disintegration times by the modified BP method were similar to those by the watch glass method. However, such lot-to-lot differences as found by the modified BP method and watch glass method were not always observed by the JP disintegration method. It was concluded from these results that the modified BP method was most suitable for investigating lot-to-lot differences in the disintegration of vaginal tablets.     

季铵碱的合成研究进展

简要综述了季铵碱的5种合成方法,包括氧化银法、碱置换法、离子交换树脂法、双极膜电渗析法和电解法（电膜反应器法）。对比分析了各种合成方法的优势与局限性,并对其未来的发展前景进行了展望。     

超疏水性材料表面的制备、应用和相关理论研究的新进展

文章总结了Wenzel方程、Cassie方程及一种具有极高精确度的,可方便测出固体表面上液滴前进角和后退角的测试方法等超疏水表面的最新理论研究成果;回顾了溶胶凝胶法、化学修饰法、喷涂法、液相法、化学蚀刻法、水热法、微相分离法、原位聚合法、静电纺丝法、阳极氧化法等近几年出现的超疏水表面的制备方法;介绍了在微物质能量、生物医学、光学、燃料以及电池应用等领域超疏水表面的最新功能性的应用。最后,客观地展望了超疏水表面制备及理论研究的发展方向。     

从头算VB-MP2组合方法

提出了一种经济实用的价键计算方法VB-MP2方法.将体系的电子分为非活性电子和活性电子,应用MP2方法计算非活性电子的相关能效应,用VB方法处理活性电子.测试计算表明,该方法保持了价键方法的特点,且计算结果比传统的使用芯-价分离技术的价键方法有较大的改善.     

Lower Bounds to Ground-State Eigenvalues II

An alternative to the Temple method for calculating a lower bound to the ground-state eigenvalue of an operator is presented. The method presented is an improvement and generalization upon a similar method [M.G. Marmorino, J. Math. Chem. 32 (2002) 19–29]. For the system tested the lower bound of the current method is significantly superior to the Temple method and the previous method. Furthermore, the current method (like its predecessor) is able to generate a lower bound when the Temple method fails.     

香豆素红外测试中样品前处理方法比较

在红外测试中,固体样品通常采用红外压片等方法进行前处理.通过对香豆素分别采用红外压片法、薄膜法和石蜡油糊法进行测试,发现薄膜法比压片法制样更加简便快捷、用量少、可回收,而且薄膜法制样还能避免压片过程中出现的碎片和粘片现象,测试时能够得到高质量的红外谱图.     

Coherent switching with decay of mixing: an improved treatment of electronic coherence for non-Born-Oppenheimer trajectories

The self-consistent decay-of-mixing (SCDM) semiclassical trajectory method for electronically nonadiabatic dynamics is improved by modifying the switching probability that determines the instantaneous electronic state toward which the system decoheres. This method is called coherent switching with decay of mixing (CSDM), and it differs from the previously presented SCDM method in that the electronic amplitudes controlling the switching of the decoherent state are treated fully coherently in the electronic equations of motion for each complete passage through a strong interaction region. It is tested against accurate quantum mechanical calculations for 12 atom-diatom scattering test cases. Also tested are the SCDM method and the trajectory surface hopping method of Parlant and Gislason that requires coherent passages through each strong interaction region, and which we call the "exact complete passage" trajectory surface hopping (ECP-TSH) method. The results are compared with previously presented results for the fewest switches with time uncertainty and Tully's fewest switches (TFS) surface hopping methods and the semiclassical Ehrenfest method. We find that the CSDM method is the most accurate of the semiclassical trajectory methods tested. Including coherent passages improves the accuracy of the SCDM method (i.e., the CSDM method is more accurate than the SCDM method) but not of the trajectory surface hopping method (i.e., the ECP-TSH method is not more accurate on average than the TFS method).     

Comparison of four extraction/methylation analytical methods to measure fatty acid composition by gas chromatography in meat

Four different extraction-derivatization methods commonly used for fatty acid analysis in meat (in situ or one-step method, saponification method, classic method and a combination of classic extraction and saponification derivatization) were tested. The in situ method had low recovery and variation. The saponification method showed the best balance between recovery, precision, repeatability and reproducibility. The classic method had high recovery and acceptable variation values, except for the polyunsaturated fatty acids, showing higher variation than the former methods. The combination of extraction and methylation steps had great recovery values, but the precision, repeatability and reproducibility were not acceptable. Therefore the saponification method would be more convenient for polyunsaturated fatty acid analysis, whereas the in situ method would be an alternative for fast analysis. However the classic method would be the method of choice for the determination of the different lipid classes.     

锗的分析概况

本文是关于锗分析方法的综述，共分锗的分析和分离方法，锗的定量法和有机锗Ｇｅ－１３２产量质量控制法研究现状三大部分。锗的分析和分离方法中，介绍了锗的分析方法及分类，锗样品前处理、分离与预浓集的原理和方法，并便 出了有参考价值的图表，锗的定量法中介绍了重量法、容量法、分光光度法、荧光法和发光分析法原子吸收分光光度法、原子发射光法、电化学分析法。每一分析法中又介绍了测定法研究及应用实例。在测定法研究及应     

叠加内标法色谱定量分析

 叠加内标法是指在色谱定量分析中将内标法与叠加法结合的一种新的定量方法。叙述了叠加内标法定量的理论依据 ,规定了其操作步骤 ,并详细说明了这种方法的适用条件和优缺点。     

Development of effective Stokesian dynamics method for ferromagnetic colloidal dispersions (cluster-based Stokesian dynamics method)

We have developed a new Stokesian dynamics (SD) method for nondilute colloidal dispersions, which enables us to reduce drastically the computation time. To verify the validity of the present method, which is called the "cluster-based SD method," three-dimensional simulations of a ferromagnetic colloidal dispersion have been carried out for a simple shear flow. The correlation function and viscosity have been evaluated to compare the results obtained by the present method with those obtained by the ordinary SD method and by the method of ignoring hydrodynamic interactions between particles. The results obtained here are summarized as follows. The transient properties from an initial state obtained by the present method agree well with those obtained by the ordinary method, even if a radius r(clstr), which defines the cluster formation, is taken as a small value such as r(clstr)=1.2d (d is the particle diameter). Also, the equilibrium properties such as the pair correlation function and viscosity obtained by the present cluster-based method are in satisfactory agreement with those obtained by the ordinary SD method. Furthermore, the cluster-based method drastically reduces the computation time to about one-fourteenth to one-seventieth that of the ordinary method. It is clear from these results that the cluster-based SD method is significantly superior to the ordinary SD method for ferromagnetic colloidal dispersions for which a large model system such as N=1000 or 10,000 is indispensable in simulations.     

有机酸分析的柱后缓冲电导法与紫外法、直接电导法的比较

柱后缓冲电导法采用柱后调节pH值,电导检测器检测的方法检测有机酸,它避免了经常使用的紫外法选择性差,直接电导法灵敏度低的缺点,是可以实现有机酸准确定量的一种新型分析方法.本文比较了这三种方法的分析结果.     

聚合物微晶尺寸和晶格畸变

聚合物微晶尺寸和晶格畸变是对聚合物材料性能有着重要影响的结构参数。本文介绍了应用Ｘ射线衍射方法测定聚合物微晶尺寸和结构畸变的几种方法：近似函数、次晶模型法、方差法、矩法。