远红外Ge-Te-Ⅰ高卤硫系玻璃的制备及其光学性能的研究

为获得高质量的远红外硫系玻璃,采用传统的真空熔融淬冷法配合真空低温固化技术制备了高卤素含量的Te硫系玻璃(卤素Imax=40at.%),并分析了该系列Ge20Te80-xIx(x=10、15、20、25、30、35、40)硫卤玻璃样品.采用分光光度计和傅里叶红外光谱仪等光学仪器分析该玻璃的可见/近红外吸收光谱和红外透射光谱等频谱性质,利用Raman光谱仪和X射线衍射仪分析了玻璃的内部微观结构.研究表明,随着卤素I元素的增加,可见/近红外吸收光谱的短波截止边持续发生蓝移,光学带隙持续增大,从近红外的1μm一直到远红外波长25μm都保持透光性;Ge20Te65I15玻璃的转变温度最大,在138℃附近,其红外透过率最高,达到50%.     

新型远红外Ge-Te-Se-Sn硫系玻璃的热学与光学性质研究

采用熔融淬冷法制备了新型远红外Te基硫系玻璃Ge20-xTe65 Se15 Snx(x=0,2,4).在Ge-Te-Se玻璃的基础上,通过引入重金属Sn,研究其对玻璃组成、结构和性能的影响.测试了样品的中红外热成像、X射线衍射(XRD)图谱、差热分析曲线(DSC)、可见/近红外吸收光谱、红外透射光谱.利用经典的Tauc...     

PbI2对远红外Te基硫系玻璃光学性能的影响

用传统的熔融淬冷法制备了一系列新型Ge-Te-PbI₂硫系玻璃,并且讨论了玻璃的形成区域. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)、可见/近红外吸收光谱、红外透过光谱等技术,研究重金属卤化物PbI₂对Ge-Te硫系玻璃组成、结构和性能的影响. 利用Tauc方程计算了样品的直接和间接光学带隙,根据金属标准和能量带隙理论讨论了玻璃光学带隙与组分变化的关系. 结果表明:PbI₂的引入,提高了Te玻璃的形成能力,而且玻璃的热稳定性良好;随着PbI₂含量的增加,玻璃的密度和折射率均增大,光学带隙减小,短波吸收截止边发生红移,玻璃的红外截止波长基本不变,达到了25 μm. 该系列玻璃可用于制备远红外长波波导器件. 关键词： Te基玻璃 2')" href="#">PbI₂ 光学带隙 红外光谱     

Ga对新型远红外Te基硫系玻璃光学性能的影响

用传统熔融淬冷法制备了新型远红外Te基硫系玻璃(100-x)(GeTe₄)-xGa (x=0, 5, 10 mol%).利用差热分析(DTA)、可见/近红外吸收光谱、红外透射光谱等技术,在GeTe₄玻璃的基础上,通过引入较高配位金属Ga, 研究其对玻璃组成、结构和性能的影响,利用经典的Tauc方程计算了样品光学带隙允许的直接跃迁、允许的间接跃迁及Urbach能量.分析结果表明:在GeTe₄玻璃中引入 关键词： 光学材料 硫系玻璃 光学带隙 红外光谱     

新型远红外Ge-Te-I硫系玻璃性能研究

采用传统的熔融-淬冷法制备了系列Ge20Te80－xIx(x=2,4,6,8 mol%) 玻璃样品.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、差热分析仪等设备系统测试了玻璃结构和物化性质,分析了卤素I对玻璃形成及稳定性的影响|利用分光光度计、红外光谱仪等研究了玻璃光谱性质,分析了I对玻璃的短波吸收及红外透过光谱的影响|利用Tauc方程计算了样品的直接和间接光学带隙.实验结果表明:I的引入,降低了Te的金属性,提高了Te基硫系玻璃的成玻能力|随着卤素I含量的增加,玻璃的密度减小,摩尔体积增大,且短波吸收截止边发生红移,光学带隙减小|I的引入提高了玻璃的热稳定性,其中玻璃组分为Ge20Te72I8样品热稳定性最好,其特征温度（ΔT）达到121℃|各Ge-Te-I玻璃样品均具有良好的红外透过性能,其红外透过范围为1.8~25 μm.     

基于挤压技术的Ge-Te-Se低损耗芯-包结构光纤的制备及其性能

采用化学和物理提纯法制备出透光性较好的高纯度Ge20Te20Se60和Ge20Se80玻璃,分别作为光纤纤芯和包层玻璃基质.利用硫系玻璃的流变特性和黏度对温度的依赖性,用平直模具挤压法制备了完整芯包结构、低结构缺陷、椭圆度较好的光纤.研究表明:对玻璃进行相应提纯后,光纤损耗明显降低,平均损耗为8.5dB/m;在4.25μm处光纤损耗达到最低,为6.8dB/m.平直模具挤压法克服了Te玻璃易析晶的困难,所得到的Te基硫系玻璃光纤芯包层界面清晰、均匀度较好、损耗值较低、满足红外光在理想结构光纤中传输和传感的需求,在中远红外光学领域有一定的潜在应用价值.     

Te基远红外硫系玻璃光纤的制备及性能分析

随着光学技术由可见向中、远红外等长波长领域的发展,可透远红外的玻璃光纤研究成为近年来光学领域的发展热点之一.传统含Se的Te基硫系光纤无法工作于12μm以上的远红外.本文研究了新型GeTe-AgI硫系玻璃体系的提纯制备,利用挤压技术,制备了阶跃型GeTe-AgI远红外光纤,其光学损耗为:15.6 dB/m@10.6μm,整体低于24 dB/m@8—15μm.在实验过程中,首先采用传统的熔融-淬冷法和蒸馏纯化工艺制备了GeTe-AgI高纯玻璃样品.利用差示扫描量热仪、红外椭偏仪、红外光谱仪等测试了玻璃的物理性质和红外透过性能,分析了提纯工艺、AgI原料纯度对玻璃形成以及透过的影响,最后采用分步挤压法制备了芯包结构光纤.实验结果表明:蒸馏提纯和AgI原料纯度对玻璃的透过性能有着决定性的影响,同时Te含量的增加影响了玻璃的抗析晶能力,但新型挤压制备工艺和有效提纯技术共同保障了较低损耗Te基光纤的制备,所获得的GeTe-AgI光纤具有远红外宽谱应用的潜能(工作波段5.5—15μm)并且绿色环保,可以满足CO_2激光的能量传输和远红外传感应用.     

新型远红外Ge-Ga-Te-KBr硫系玻璃性能研究

用传统的熔融淬冷法制备了远红外Te基硫系玻璃(Ge15Ga10Te75)100-x(KBr)x(x=2、4、6、8mol%).利用X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪等设备测试玻璃的结构和物化性质,分析了引入KBr对Te玻璃的结构、化学和物理热稳定性等方面的影响;利用分光光度计、红外光谱仪等光学方法研究了该类Te玻璃的光谱性质,分析了KBr对该类玻璃的短波吸收和红外透过光谱的影响;利用Tauc方程估算了玻璃样品直接和间接的光学带隙.实验结果表明:随着KBr含量的增加,玻璃的短波截止边发生红移,而红外截止边基本没有发生变化,该组玻璃始终保持较宽的红外透过范围.     

远红外Ge-Te-AgI硫卤玻璃光学性能

用传统熔融淬冷法制备了一系列(100－x)(GeTe4.3)－xAgI (x=5,10,20,30)硫卤玻璃.并通过阿基米德法、XRD衍射、差热分析、可见/近红外吸收光谱、红外透射光谱等手段研究了该硫卤玻璃的热稳定性和光学特性.研究表明随着AgI含量的增加,玻璃的密度从5.591 g·cm－3递增到6.314 g·cm－3|折射率从3.73上升到5.70|XRD衍射数据表明该玻璃体系在较宽的组分范围内没有微晶析出,说明成玻范围较宽|差热分析表明当x=5时玻璃有着最高的转变温度206 ℃|AgI含量增多时短波截止限发生红移,红外截止波长基本不变（均超过25 μm）,表明此硫卤玻璃材料在远红外领域有很大的潜在应用前景.     

新型远红外Ge-Te-I硫系玻璃性能研究

采用传统的熔融-淬冷法制备了系列Ge20Te80-xIx(x=2,4,6,8 mol％)玻璃样品.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、差热分析仪等设备系统测试了玻璃结构和物化性质,分析了卤素I对玻璃形成及稳定性的影响;利用分光光度计、红外光谱仪等研究了玻璃光谱性质,分析了I对玻璃的短波吸收及红外透过光谱的影响;利用Tau...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.