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1.
Burmakin E. I. Voronin V. I. Akhtyamova L. Z. Berger I. F. Shekhtman G. Sh. 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2004,40(6):619-626
The crystalline structure of low- and high-temperature modifications of KAlO2 is studied by a neutron diffraction method combined with a full-profile Rietveld analysis. At low temperatures KAlO2 has an orthorhombic structure (spatial group Pbca), which turns tetragonal (spatial group P41212) at 540°C. During a phase transition along the c axis there open new conduction channels with a large cross-section of voids, which is a probable reason for the conduction jump. The presumed anisotropy of conduction in the low-temperature modification disappears during the phase transition. 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION That crystal is the internal particles arranged re- peatedly and periodically in three-dimensional space or the solid with space lattice structure is the com- plete definition of crystal at absolute zero tempe- rature[1, 2]. But actual crystals deviate from the ideal ones in certain degree because of various influences, such as the impurity and thermal vibration of crystal particles, which is called crystal structural defect. Strictly speaking, all factors causing the crysta… 相似文献
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The crystalline phase formed during aluminum titanate at 750-1300 ℃ as well as the relationship between its content change and decomposition dynamics was mainly discussed in this paper.Dynamical equation was established for calculating the reaction activation energy.It aimed at providing dynamics basic data for taking up necessary measures to inhibit the decomposition of aluminum titanate.Experimental results showed that aluminum titanate would decompose into TiO2 and corundum at 750-1300 ℃.Content of aluminum titanate would reduce with the increase of decomposition time,and the order of decomposition rates at different temperature was 1100 > 1200 > 1000 > 900 ℃.The decomposition was a chemical reaction with control steps,and could meet the first order reaction dynamic equation-F(G) = [(1-G)-2/3-1] = Kt.According to the calculation,rate constants of different decomposition reaction dynamic equations were K900 = 2.2×10-3,K1000 = 1.2×10-2,K1100 = 4×10-1 and K1200 = 1.5×10-1,and the reaction activation energy ΔGave = 203.21 KJ/mol. 相似文献
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By adding small amount of TiO2, aluminum slag could be used to synthesize cor-dierite, α-Al2O3, TiO2 and dehydrated talc could generate solid solution to accelerate the solid-state reaction to form cordierite. The experimental results show that the content of cordierite increases with the increase of TiO2 added. 3.0% of TiO2 is determined to be the best amount, because all crystalline substances are converted into cordierite at this content. Philips X‘pert plus software analysis shows that when the content of TiO2 is from 0 to 1.0%, cordierite has the same hexagonal structure as the single crystal and the lattice parameters change slightly; when the content of TiO2 is from 1.0 to 2.0%, the cordierite still keeps hexagonal structure but the lattice parameters change greatly; when the content of TiO2 is from 2.0 to 3.5%, the cordierite is converted from hexagonal into rhombic and the lattice parameters change accordingly. 相似文献
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ZHENG Yun-Hong RUAN Yu-Zhong YU Yan WU Ren-Ping 《结构化学》2007,26(6):659-663
Mg-Al spinel is synthesized by using industrial waste-residue and basic magnesium carbonate in the aluminum factory as the main raw materials. The influence of V2O5 and Fe2O3 mineralizers on the structure, cell parameters and microscopic morphology of synthesized Mg-Al spinel has been discussed. The Mg-Al spinel is characterized by using XRD, SEM and relevant analytical software, such as Philips plus, Rietveld quantification and so on. The experimental results show that certain amounts of V2O5 and Fe2O3 are beneficial to the formation of Mg-Al spinel, and the optimum addition of V2O5 and Fe2O3 is respectively 2wt% and 3wt%. V2O5 has few effects on cell parameters of Mg-Al spinel; but Fe2O3 can form solid solution with Mg-Al spinel in which Mg-Fe spinel can also dissolve to form continuous solid solution. Therefore, with the increase of Fe2O3 content, the cell parameters of Mg-Al approximately present linear increase. 相似文献
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ShuHuaHAN WanGuoHOU WenXiuDANG JunXU 《中国化学快报》2003,14(6):605-608
The coordination structure of aluminum in magnesium aluminum hydroxide was studied by ^27Al NMR.The result showed that tetrahedral aluminum (Al^IV) existed in magnesium aluminum hydroxide,and the contents of Al^TV increased with the increase of the ratio of Al/Mg and with the peptizing temperature.Al^IV originated from the so-called Al13 polymer with the structure of one Al tetrahedron surrounded by twelve Al octahedrons. 相似文献
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Waste aluminum sludge, talc powder and clay were used to synthesize cordierite in this research. The impurities, such as Fe2O3, CaO, K2O and Na2O, in the raw materials have some influence on the structures and properties of the materials. In this paper, we mainly discuss the impact of impurity Na2O on the structure of cordierite, based on which the permitted amount of Na2O was determined. The results show that Na2O with the amount less than 0.6% has little influence on the cordierite formation; while when its amount increasing from 0.6% to 0.7%, the content of cordierite decreases from 86% to 84% and the permitted amount for Na2O in the raw materials is less than 6% with the best amount less than 0.3%. X‘pert plus software analysis results show the impurity Na2O has no influence on the cordierite space group and only the lattice parameters vary slightly; but it has much influence on the structure of Mg-AI spinel and the lattice parameters are much changed. 相似文献
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We aim in this research at synthesizing high-purity aluminium titanate with sludge from the aluminium profile factory by shock cooling method, and mainly discuss the effect of calcining reaction temperature and holding time on crystalline, microstructure and content of aluminum titanate materials to determine the preferred calcining temperature and holding time. XRD and SEM methods were utilized to characterize the crystalline and microstructure of each specimen, Rietveld Quantification software was used for the determination of different crystalline contents of specimens, and Philips plus software was applied to determine the cell parameters of aluminium titanate in different specimens. According to the experimental results, preferred calcining temperature is determined as 1400℃ and preferred holding time is 2 h, at which the grains of aluminum titanate grow completely and the purity of aluminum titanate is 97.2wt%. 相似文献
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Studies on the Influence of Sintering Temperature on Crystalline Structures of Mg-Al Spinel Synthesized by Waste Aluminum Slag 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
YU Yan RUAN Yu-Zhong WU Ren-Ping 《结构化学》2007,26(6):727-731
Mg-Al spinel is synthesized by using industrial waste-residue and basic mag- nesium carbonate in the aluminum factory as the main raw materials. The influence of sintering temperature on crystalline structure and microstructure of Mg-Al spinel has been mainly discussed. The crystalline structure of sample is characterized by using XRD, SEM and relevant analytical software. The experimental results show that compared to the conventional synthetic method, the application of waste aluminum slag as the raw material can greatly decrease the synthetic tem- perature. The content of Mg-Al spinel first increases and then decreases with the rise of sintering temperature, and its purity can reach as high as 96wt% at 1550 ℃, which is therefore determined to be the optimum synthetic temperature. SEM observations demonstrate that as the rise of sintering temperature, the grain of Mg-Al spinel grows up obviously with typical octahedral characteristic appearance. 相似文献
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WU Wei-Qing RUAN Yu-Zhong② YU Yan 《结构化学》2005,24(4)
1 INTRODUCTION Aluminum waste slag from aluminum factories isused as the main material to produce cordierite re-fractory material. The slag’s main composition is γ-AlOOH, which will convert into α-Al2O3 [1] at hightemperature, thus the product’s refractoriness can beimproved. Cordierite has good thermal stability andcan be widely served as high quality refractory ma-terial, electron encapsulating material, catalyst carrier,foamed ceramics, etc.[2]. Compared with th… 相似文献
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Influence of Cr2O3 on the Structure and Property of Mg-Al Spinel Synthesized by Waste Slag in Aluminum Factory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Via the solid phase reaction, Mg-Al spinel has been synthesized by using industrial waste slag from aluminum factory, basic magnesium carbonate and a little amount of clay as the main raw materials. The influences of Cr2O3 mineralizer on crystalline structure, micro-morphology and properties of synthesized Mg-Al spinel are discussed. The synthesized product was characterized by using XRD and SEM, and the relative contents of each crystalline phase are calculated by relevant analytical software such as Philips plus, Rietveld quantification and so on. The experimental results show that a certain amount of Cr2O3 is helpful to the formation of Mg-Al spinel, and when the addition of Cr2O3 is 2.0%, Mg-Al spinel in the system exists in the form of solid solution (Mg0.68Al0.32)(Al0.84Mg0.16)2O4 whose content is the highest reaching 91%. Then the corresponding indexes of each property are as follows: water absorption 3.0%, apparent porosity 9.8%, bulk density 3.36 g·cm-3, and flexural strength 83.32 MPa. Therefore, we can confirm that the optimum addition of Cr2O3 mineralizer is 2.0%. 相似文献
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CaO杂质对铝型材厂工业污泥合成堇青石材料晶相结构及其含量影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
探讨原料组成对铝型材厂工业污泥合成堇青石材料的影响是非常重要的。研究目的有助于确定不同杂质在原料中允许的存在量,为选择其他原料提供可靠的依据。采用XRD法和SEM法分析各试样的晶相结构:用半定量分析方法确定各晶相的含量:用philipsX抪ertplus软件确定试样中各晶相结构参数。实验结果表明:CaO杂质含量从1.2~2.5%对合成堇青石有利:从2.5~2.8%堇青石含量开始下降:确定2.5%为CaO杂质最佳存在量,其对应的堇青石含量为91%。经plus软件确定结果:CaO杂质含量为1.2%时,其结构与单晶相同,晶胞参数变化很小:CaO含量从1.2~2.8%,其晶系由六方转变为四方结构,晶胞参数发生较大变化。镁铝尖晶石结构与晶胞参数变化较大,由单晶的立方结构转变为四方结构。 相似文献
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Yan‐Fang Zhu Yao Xiao Wei‐Bo Hua Sylvio Indris Shi‐Xue Dou Yu‐Guo Guo Shu‐Lei Chou 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(24):9299-9304
Structural evolution of the cathode during cycling plays a vital role in the electrochemical performance of sodium‐ion batteries. A strategy based on engineering the crystal structure coupled with chemical substitution led to the design of the layered P2@P3 integrated spinel oxide cathode Na0.5Ni0.1Co0.15Mn0.65Mg0.1O2, which shows excellent sodium‐ion half/full battery performance. Combined analyses involving scanning transmission electron microscopy with atomic resolution as well as in situ synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption spectra and in situ synchrotron‐based X‐ray diffraction patterns led to visualization of the inherent layered P2@P3 integrated spinel structure, charge compensation mechanism, structural evolution, and phase transition. This study provides an in‐depth understanding of the structure‐performance relationship in this structure and opens up a novel field based on manipulating structural evolution for the design of high‐performance battery cathodes. 相似文献
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反应温度与时间对铝型材厂工业污泥合成堇青石材料的得率与晶相结构影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本研究主要探讨反应温度和反应时间对铝型材厂工业污泥合成堇青石材料的得率和晶相结构的影响。该污泥系由铝型材表面处理时产生的大量废液, 经沉淀过滤所得。主要成分是一种超细的γ-AlOOH, 其中部分是晶体, 部分是无定形体, 活性很高, 有利于堇青石晶相的形成, 能降低反应温度。 实验结果表明: 堇青石含量随着反应温度升高而增加; 晶相结构和晶胞参数与反应温度有关; 确定1350℃为最佳的反应温度; 反应时间在 2~5 h的试样中,堇青石含量增加, 在5~6 h含量降低. 5 h为最佳的反应时间。 相似文献
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E. I. Burmakin V. I. Voronin G. Sh. Shekhtman 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2003,39(10):1124-1129
Crystalline structure of low- and high-temperature modifications of solid lithium-conducting electrolytes Li3.75Ge0.75V0.25O4 and Li3.70Ge0.85W0.15O4 are studied by powder neutron diffraction analysis with use made of Rietveld full-profile analysis. The structure of either composition is derivative from -Li3PO4. The high conductivity of the electrolytes is connected with the presence of interstitial lithium cations, whose positions are occupied but partially. Phase transitions in the electrolytes consist of the leveling of the occupation degrees of these positions and make practically no impact on the rigid cage of the lattice. 相似文献
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用电压传感器测得使用铝、镁作电极,氢氧化钠溶液或氨水作电解质的原电池,在放电过程中存在电极极性翻转现象,说明铝片不仅能与强碱反应,也能与氨水反应。该结论和铝片和氨水反应的试管实验的结果一致。换用碳酸钠溶液作电解质的原电池不存在电极极性翻转现象;结合试管实验中铝片与碳酸钠溶液反应的产物分析,发现有难溶于水的碱式碳酸钠铝生成,推测其覆盖在铝片表面,避免了电极极性翻转。 相似文献
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ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option. 相似文献