α-二酮的铟促水相烯丙基化研究

以6,7-十二烷二酮(或1,2-环烷基二酮)和3-碘-2-碘甲基-1-丙烯为原料,铟粉为催化剂,在水相中经烯丙基化反应合成了4个新型的单烯丙基化产物[7-羟基-7-(2-碘甲基-烯丙基)-十二烷-6-酮和2-羟基-2-(2-碘甲基-烯丙基)-环烷酮]和3个新型的双烯丙基化产物{4-亚甲基-1,2-二戊基-1,2-环戊二醇,2-羟基-2-[2-(1-羟基-2-羰基-环癸基甲基)-烯丙基]-环癸酮和2-羟基-2-[2-(1-羟基-2-羰基-环十二基甲基)-烯丙基]-环十二烷酮},其结构经1H NMR,IR和HR-MS表征。     

二价钌催化的金属卡宾经由的硫叶立德[2,3]-σ重排反应研究

报道烯(炔)基硫醚与α-重氮羰基化合物, 在[RuCl₂(p-cymene)]₂催化下, 经由金属卡宾发生硫叶立德[2,3]-σ重排反应(Doyle-Kirmse反应). 在Ru(II)作用下, α-重氮羰基化合物与烯丙基硫醚的反应以较好收率生成相应的[2,3]-σ重排产物高烯丙基硫醚. 同样条件下与炔丙基硫醚的反应则生成[2,3]-σ重排产物联烯和呋喃衍生物, 后者是联烯进一步在Ru(II)作用下重排的产物.     

己内酰胺铑催化合成双-1,3-二羰基化合物

以己内酰胺铑[Rh2(cap)4]为催化剂,叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)为氧化剂,在二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)中,甲醇被氧化成甲醛后与1,3-二羰基化合物(1a~1j)经缩合反应合成了一系列双-1,3-二羰基化合物(2a~2j,其中2i和2j为新化合物),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-ESI-MS表征。在最佳反应条件[1a 1.0 mmol,Rh2(cap)41.0 mol%,TBHP 3.0 mmol,DIPEA 1.2 mmol,于室温反应2 h]下,双-苯甲酰乙酸甲酯(2a)的收率83%。首次报道Rh2(cap)4对甲醇的催化氧化反应,而且可以用1对2进行捕捉。     

无溶剂法合成4,6,10,12,16,18,22,24-八羟基-2,8,14,20-四-{(联三-(3-苯基-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷基))-(4-(2-(4,6,10,12,16,18,22,24-八羟基)杯芳基)苯基)}杯芳烃螺环树形大分子化合物

以对苯二甲醛、丙二腈为原料, 合成对苯二甲醛单缩醛, 再与季戊四醇反应得到了2,4,8,10-四氧杂-2,9-二(4-二氰基乙烯基苯基)螺[5.5]十一烷, 经水解, 与丙二腈反应, 制备了中间体2,4,8,10-四氧杂-2-(4-二氰基乙烯基苯基)-9-(4-甲酰基苯基)螺[5.5]十一烷(3). 用乙酸酐保护的对苯二甲醛单缩醛与间苯二酚反应, 制备了杯芳烯中间体(6). 将化合物6与过量的化合物3反应, 得到中间体7, 经水解后与过量的化合物6反应, 得到了4,6,10,12,16,18,22,24-八羟基-2,8,14,20-四-{(联三-(3-苯基-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷基))-(4-(2-(4,6,10,12,16,18,22,24-八羟基)杯芳基)苯基)}杯芳烃螺环树形大分子化合物(9). 总收率为12.7%. 产物结构用IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS 和元素分析进行了表征, 对影响反应的因素进行了讨论.     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属卡宾配合物的研究 XVIII: 异构化的螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯(二羰基)[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]铁配合物和螯合烯丙基铁配合物的合成和结构

螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯三羰基铁(1)与芳基锂试剂, ArLi(Ar=C~6H~5, o-,p-CH~3C~6H~4, p-CH~3OC~6H~4, p-ClC~6H~4, p-C~6H~5C~6H~4)在乙醚中于低温下反应, 生成的酰羰基金属盐用Et~3OBF~4在水溶液中于0℃烷基化生成不稳定的异构化的螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯(二羰基)[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]铁配合物(2-7)。这些配合物与膦在石油醚中于低温下加成反应, 转变为稳定的膦加成物(8-12)。12的结构经单晶X射线结构分析进一步证实。     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属卡宾配合物的研究 XVIII: 异构化的螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯(二羰基)[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]铁配合物和螯合烯丙基铁配合物的合成和结构

螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯三羰基铁(1)与芳基锂试剂, ArLi(Ar=C~6H~5, o-,p-CH~3C~6H~4, p-CH~3OC~6H~4, p-ClC~6H~4, p-C~6H~5C~6H~4)在乙醚中于低温下反应, 生成的酰羰基金属盐用Et~3OBF~4在水溶液中于0℃烷基化生成不稳定的异构化的螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯(二羰基)[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]铁配合物(2-7)。这些配合物与膦在石油醚中于低温下加成反应, 转变为稳定的膦加成物(8-12)。12的结构经单晶X射线结构分析进一步证实。     

新型树形化合物1,3,5-三-[7-(7-甲基-2,2-二-(2,2-二羟甲基-3-羟基丙氧基羰基)-6,8-二氧杂螺[3.5]-壬基)]苯的合成

以丙酮和甲酸乙酯为原料, 在醇钠的作用下合成了1,3,5-三乙酰基苯(1). 1与二溴新戊二醇在酸的作用下发生缩酮化反应, 制成1,3,5-三-(1-甲基-2,6-二氧杂-4,4-二溴甲基环己基)苯(2). 2与5,5-二甲基-4,6-二氧杂-1,3-环己二酮在乙醇钠的作用下合成了1,3,5-三-[7-(7-甲基-2,2-二-乙氧羰基-6,8-二氧杂螺[3.5]-壬基)]苯(3). 将3在氯仿中与季戊四醇进行酯交换反应得到产物1,3,5-三-[7-(7-甲基-2,2-二-(2,2-二羟甲基-3-羟基丙氧基羰基)-6,8-二氧杂螺[3.5]-壬基)]苯(4). 收率为47.7%. 标题化合物及中间产物使用IR, ¹H NMR和MS或元素分析进行了表征.     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属卡宾配合物的研究 ⅩⅧ.异构化的螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯(二羰基)[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]铁配合物和螯合烯丙基铁配合物的合成和结构

螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯三羰基铁(1)与芳基锂试剂,ArLi(Ar=C_6H_5,o-,p-CH_3C_6H_4,p-CH_3OC_6H_4,p-ClC_6H_4,p-C_6H_5C_6H_4)在乙醚中于低温下反应,生成的酰羰基金属盐用Et_3OBF_4在水溶液中于0℃烷基化生成不稳定的异构化的螺环[4.4]-1,3-壬二烯(二羰基)[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]铁配合物(2—7)。这些配合物与膦在石油醚中于低温下加成反应,转变为稳定的膦加成物(8—12)。12的结构经单晶X射线结构分析进一步证实。     

1,3-二苄基-4-(4-甲氧羰基丁基)-噻吩并[3,4-d]-咪唑-2-酮的合成

1,3-二苄基-4-(4-甲氧羰基丁基)-噻吩并[3,4-d]-咪唑-2-酮(Ⅰ)是合成生物素的一个关键中间体.在超声波促进下,用低价钛试剂对(4 aR)-1,3-二苄基-4-(1-己二酸单甲酯酰基硫甲基)-咪唑-2,5-二酮(Ⅱ)进行还原偶联,即生成1,3-二苄基-4-(4-甲氧羰基丁基)-噻吩并[3,4-d]咪唑-2-酮(Ⅰ).超声反应1.5 h,收率71%.     

过渡金属催化1,3-二羰基化合物不对称烯丙基烷基化反应的研究进展

1,3-二羰基化合物的不对称烯丙基烷基化反应是构筑手性中心的重要方法.综述了过渡金属催化1,3-二羰基化合物不对称烯丙基烷基化反应的进展.按照烯丙基化试剂的不同,主要讨论了以烯丙基酯类、烯丙醇、烯丙基卤化物、烯烃、联烯作为烯丙基化试剂或其他烯丙基化方法合成手性α-烯丙基取代的1,3-二羰基化合物.     

A facile preparation of 1-(6-hydroxyindol-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one

An effective synthesis of 1-(6-hydroxyindol-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one (4) was developed starting from 1H-indole (2). The key step involved suitable utilization of 4-(1-pyrrolidino)pyridine for the removal of the chloroacetyl moiety from chloroacetic acid 1-(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)-1H-indol-6-yl ester (3); a possible mechanism is, also, presented. Compound 4 might lead to selectively substituted derivatives, either on the phenolic-OH or the indolyl-NH, with putative biological interest. In this respect, we found that the core structure of 1H-indol-6-ol (1) possesses a degree of aldose reductase inhibitory potential, at a concentration of 100 microM.     

Facile Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1-（5-Bromo-2-chlorophenyl）-1-（4-ethoxyphenyl）ethane

A facile 7-step procedure for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure 1-（5-bromo-2-chlorophenyl）-1-（4-ethoxyphenyl）ethanes[（R）-2 and（S）-2] that started from （5-bromo-2-chlorophenyl）（4-ethoxyphenyl）methanone 3 was developed.The key step was the resolution of 2-（5-bromo-2-chlorophenyl）-2-（4-ethoxyphenyl）acetic acid 6 by crystallizations of its L-and D-menthyl esters 7 and 8 from petroleum ether to give optically pure enantiomers 9 and 10,respectively.The absolute configurations of the products were unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractions of four key intermediates,9,10,13 and 14.This procedure is characterized by inexpensiveness,scalability and ability to produce two individual enantiomers of a diarylethane with unambiguously determined absolute configurations and high enantiomeric purities.     

Synthesis of N-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]ethyl]amine

N-Methyl-N-[(1S)-1-[(3R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]ethyl]amine (1)(1) is a key intermediate in the preparation of premafloxacin (2), which was under development as an antibiotic for use against pathogens of veterinary importance. This paper describes the development of a practical, efficient, and stereoselective process for the preparation of 1 from isobutyl (3S)-3-[methyl[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]amino]butanoate (5c). The key steps in the synthetic sequence are an asymmetric Michael addition, which yields 5c, and a stereoselective alkylation, which yields (3S,4S)-3-allyl-1,4-dimethylazetidin-2-one (17).     

Preparation of 5-(1-Aminocyclohexyl)-2(1H)-Pyridinones Via the Ritter Reaction

A series of 5-(1-aminocyclohexyl)-2(1H)-pyridinones was prepared in 16-32% yield. The key step is a Ritter reaction of the analogous alcohols. The results reported demonstrate the difference in reactivity between the closely related 2-alkoxy-pyridines and 2 (1H)-pyridinones.     

Stereoselective Syntheses and Biological Properties of (E)-α-(Methoxyimino)-2-[1-(aryloxy)methyl]-benzeneacetates

(E)-α-(Methoxyimino)-2-[1-(aryloxy)methyl]-benzeneacetates, the analogues of Kresoxim-methyl, were stereoselectively synthesized with the coupling reaction of 2-methylphenyldiazonium chloride and methyl 2-hydroxyiminoacetate in the presence of CuSO4/Na2SO3 as a key step, and it was first found that the coupling reaction could give the key intermediate material(E)- and(Z)-methyl 2-(hydroxyimino)-2-o-tolylacetate with a molar ratio of 14∶1. The(E)-configurations of all these compounds were assigned on the basis of their 2D-NOESY spectra of 1H NMR. The preliminary bioassays indicate that most of the compounds show an activity against a wide variety of fungi.     

Synthesis of (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen and (Z)-2-[4-[1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyl]-1butenyl]phenoxyacetic acid

The synthesis of (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen and (Z)-2-[4-[1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyl]-1-butenyl]phenoxyacetic acid was accomplished using a McMurry reaction as the key step. The perfluorotolyl derivatives of the McMurry products enabled the separation of the minor undesirable geometrical isomer. The methodology proceeds without E,Z isomerization, employs a very mild final debenzylation step compatible with a large array of functional groups, and can be applied to the generation of a variety of 4-hydroxytamoxifen analogues.     

Short Synthesis of 1-(3-tert-Butyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(5-(2-morpholinoethoxy)-2H-chromen-8-yl) Urea Derivatives

A short and efficient synthesis of 1-(3-tert-butyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(5-(2-morpholinoethoxy)-2H-chromen-8-yl) urea derivatives (1a–c), a novel type of p38 MAPK inhibitors, is described. The Claisen thermal rearrangement of arylpropargyl ethers was employd as a key step to synthesize the chromene core. The solvent effect on the ratio of the resultant two isomers of Claisen thermal rearrangement, namely 2-methylbenzofuran and 2H-chromen, was also investigated.     

3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸的合成

以2,3-二氯吡啶为起始原料,通过水合肼亲核取代、马来酸二乙酯环合制得2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-氧-3-吡唑烷甲酸乙酯(5);5经苯磺酰氯酯化、溴化氢溴化制得3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯(7);7经脱氢、水解合成了用于制备氯虫酰胺的关键中间体--3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸,总收率39.5%,其结构经~1H NMR和MS确证.     

Optically active antifungal azoles. IX. An alternative synthetic route for 2-[(1R,2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-(1H-1,2,4- triazol-1-yl)propyl]-4-[4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]- 3(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazolone and its analogs

A new route for the synthesis of the optically active antifungal azole TAK-187, 2-[(1R,2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-tria zol-1- yl)propyl]-4-[4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-3(2H,4H)-1,2,4 - triazolone, was established. The key synthetic intermediate, 2-[(1R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1-methylethyl]-4-[4-(2,2,3,3- tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-3(2H,4H)-1,2,4-triazolone (8), was prepared starting from the esters (11a, b) of (S)-lactic acid in a stereocontrolled manner. This optically active propiophenone derivative 8 was converted to the one carbon-elongated (1R,2S)-diol 7, which was then reacted with 1H-1,2,4-triazole to yield TAK-187. This newly developed route was applied to the synthesis of the analogs (25a, b--28a, b) containing an imidazolone or imidazolidinone nucleus.     

Enantio- and diastereoselective total synthesis of EI-1941-1, -2, and -3, inhibitors of interleukin-1beta converting enzyme, and biological properties of their derivatives

[reaction: see text] The first asymmetric total synthesis of EI-1941-1, -2, and -3, inhibitors of the interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE), has been accomplished, starting from a chiral epoxy iodoquinone 11, a key intermediate in our total synthesis of epoxyquinols A and B. Despite a failure to synthesize the inhibitors by our postulated biosynthetic route, we were able to diastereoselectively synthesize them via an intramolecular carboxypalladation with the key steps being a 6-endo cyclization mode followed by beta-hydride elimination. The investigation of the biological properties of EI-1941-1, -2, and -3 and their derivatives disclosed them to be potent and effective ICE inhibitors with less cytotoxicity than EI-1941-1 and -2 in a cultured cell system.