HT-7装置电子回旋辐射系统接收天线改进

为了提高HT-7装置上等离子体电子回旋辐射(ECE)超外差诊断系统的极向分辨率,根据高斯光学原理,分析了诊断系统天线的改进方案。优化了天线的圆形角锥喇叭尺寸和凸透镜参数以及在装置上的相对位置,使天线接收到的等离子体ECE异常模二次谐波辐射的高斯光束束半径只有30mm左右,能量的高斯光学性质损失不大于13%。     

Theoretical analysis of ion cyclotron range of frequency antenna array for HT-7U

This paper considers the coupling analysis of phased antenna array designed to excite fast wave in the ion cyclotron range of frequency. The coupling of the antenna is calculated in slab geometry. The coupling code based on the variational principle gives the self-consistent current flowing in the antenna, this method has been extended so that it can be applied to a phased antenna array. As an example, this paper analyses the coupling prosperities of a 2 × 2 phased antenna array. It gives the optimum geometry of antenna array. The fields excited at plasma surface are found to more or less correspond to the antenna current phasing.     

Fusion Reactivity in the Case of Ion Cyclotron Resonant Heating

By applying the integral-variable-change technique, an explicit expression of deuterium-tritium fusion reactivityin the case of second harmonic ion cyclotron resonant heating on deuterium is obtained.     

HT-7 装置回旋质谱探测器边界离子诊断

介绍了回旋质谱探测器的原理和设计及其在HT-7 装置欧姆放电下对边缘等离子体中离子的诊断实验。探测器安装在限制器附近, 通过一小孔引进等离子体; 设置的前置偏压使电子和离子分离, 并使离子减速; 进入腔体内部的离子在射频电场和平行磁场的作用下发生回旋共振; 通过考察收集的离子电流信号中的共振峰可得到离子的荷质比、回旋频率等参数。实验中观察到荷质比为1、0. 5、0. 3333、0 . 1819 的离子共振峰。     

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用NaI闪烁体探测器组成的逃逸电子诊断系统和CdTe半导体探测阵列组成的快电子轫致辐射诊断系统,研究了一定等离子体密度条件下低杂波功率和等离子体电流对逃逸产生的影响以及一定低杂波功率下等离子体密度对逃逸电子产生的不同作用效果。根据实验数据计算了HT-7装置等离子体中电子逃逸的阈值电场和一定放电条件下电子逃逸的阈值能量。     

W波段二次谐波回旋行波管放大器的模拟与设计

回旋行波管放大器是一种具有高功率、高频率、宽带宽的毫米波放大器，TE₀₂模二次谐波回旋行波管放大器在保持基波回旋行波管放大器的基础上极大地减小了工作磁场,从而具有广阔的应用前景. 利用两段分布式损耗的互作用结构，有效抑制了绝对不稳定性和回旋返波振荡,避免了模式互作用电路引起的模式畸变，提高了输出功率，在一定程度上克服了谐波互作用较弱的缺点，满足了扩展功率容量和放大器长时间稳定工作的要求. 非线性模拟结果和粒子模型(particle in cell)模拟结果均表明，在工作电压为100k 关键词： W波段 二次谐波 回旋行波管放大器     

LB膜的变入射角透射光学二次谐波产生研究

给出了不同基频光和倍频光偏振态组合情况下，淀积在固体基板上的Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｂｌｏｄｇｅｔｔ单分子层膜在面对入射光方向和背对入射光方向时，反射及透射光学二次谐波产生随入射角变化关系的理论公式。在此基础上，对一种芪盐ＬＢ膜样品进行变入射角的透射二次谐波产生研究。     

在HT-6B托卡马克上的电子回旋共振预电离实验

本文给出了1986年5月在HT-6B上进行的二倍频ECR预电离实验的结果。实验观察到只要回旋共振层落在托卡马克小截面内都可获得正常放电波形;等离子体电流基本上是和环电压同时出现的;等离子体环电压下降30％左右。同时还观察到ECR预电离对减少放电初期的硬X射线和轻杂质(CⅣ)的辐射有比较明显的作用。     

HT-7 Tokamak离子回旋波和低杂波等离子体逃逸电子行为研究

HT-7 Tokamak拥有离子回旋波(ICRF)和低杂波(LHW)两套加热系统.ICRF主要对加热离子有比较好的加热效果,LHW则主要是通过电子Landau阻尼加热电子.除此之外,在ICRF和LHW协同加热的条件下,可以对等离子体产生更有效的加热效果,增加等离子体的聚变反应截面,增加聚变中子产额.本文报道了LHW对改善ICRF和等离子体耦合的重要作用,ICRF和LHW加热等离子体中电子温度随时间的演化过程,计算了放电过程中电子逃逸的阈值能量,分析了逃逸电子的产生过程,以及放电过程中的中子产额.研究结果发     

光学微腔中倍频光场演化和光谱特性

在考虑光学微腔中二阶和三阶非线性效应的情况下,引入了可同时描述腔内基频和倍频光场的演化过程的Lugiato-Lefeve方程,分析了SiN微腔中二次谐波的产生,并讨论了各参数对腔内基频和倍频光场的影响.理论分析结果表明,失谐参量为0时,稳定后的基频光场为平顶脉冲的形式,而倍频光场呈正弦分布;失谐参量增加,将导致腔内基频和倍频光功率在演化过程中出现振荡,且最终稳定的光功率变弱,稳定后的光场分布为周期性变化;失谐参量的值过大,会使得微腔光场处于混沌状态.抽运光强较弱时,腔内可形成稳定的光场分布;抽运光强较强时,会导致腔内色散以及非线性效应过强,最终稳定的光场仍然呈周期性变化,且抽运光功率越强,光功率的演化曲线振荡越强.此外,选取特定的微腔尺寸,微腔可工作于"图灵环"状态.理论分析结果对研究光学微腔中二次谐波的产生有重要意义.     

Electron temperature fluctuation in the HT-7 Tokamak plasma observed by electron cyclotron emission imaging

The fluctuation of the electron temperature has been measured by using the electron cyclotron emission imaging in the Hefei Tokamak-7 (HT-7) plasma. The electron temperature fluctuation with a broadband spectrum shows that it propagates in the electron diamagnetic drift direction, and the mean poloidal wave-number $\bar{k}_{\theta}$is calculated to be about 1.58 cm^-1, or \bar{k}_θ ρ_s≈ 0.34. It indicates that the fluctuation should come from the electron drift wave turbulence. The linear global scaling of the electron temperature fluctuation with the gradient of electron temperature is consistent with the mixing length scale qualitatively. Evolution of spectrum of the fluctuation during the sawtooth oscillation phases is investigated, and the fluctuation is found to increase with the gradient of electron temperature increasing during most phases of the sawtooth oscillation. The results indicate that the electron temperature gradient is probably the driver of the fluctuation enhancement. The steady heat flux driven by electron temperature fluctuation is estimated and compared with the results from power balance estimation.     

J-TEXT相关电子回旋辐射测量系统的研制

为了更好地研究反常输运,J-TEXT发展了一套相关电子回旋辐射(CECE)系统来测量电子温度涨落。该系统采用频率去相关的结构,通过八道窄带滤波器进行频率选择,其中两道采用带宽为100MHz的定频滤波器,其余六道采用带宽为100~240MHz的钇铁石榴石(YIG)滤波器,YIG滤波器的中心频率为数字可调,增加了系统的灵活性。通过光路的优化,系统的极向分辨率最高可达2.5cm^-1。实验结果表明系统性能良好,通过互相关技术可以消除热噪声的影响得到电子温度涨落,并且观测到靠近等离子体芯部的电子温度涨落要小于靠近边缘的电子温度涨落。     

Multi-channel Heterodyne Radiometer on HT-7 Tokamak

The incoherent radiation emanating out of the tokamak plasmas gives vital information about the electron temperature. Electron cyclotron emission (ECE) is a powerful diagnostic tool for the measurement of electron temperature due to many advantages such as the high spatial and temporal resolutions. This paper presents the sixteen channel superheterodyne radiometer as an electron cyclotron emission diagnostic to measure the electron temperature on HT-7 tokamak.     

Analysis of diffusive coefficient of electron heat pulse based on singular value decomposition in HT-7 tokamak

In this paper, singular value decomposition (SVD) as a filter-noise method is applied to electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic signals. The decomposed vectors contain the information about sawtooth such as the temporal vectors that show the sawtooth period and the spatial vectors that indicate the inverse radius. The propagation of electron heat pulse is investigated from electron cyclotron emission signals by using the perturbation method in HT-7 tokamak. The heat diffusivities are obtained at different densities in ohmic plasmas. The special result is that the heat diffusivity becomes larger as the heat pulse propagates outwards from the outside of the inverse radius.     

HT-7电子加热实验的软X射线能谱诊断

介绍了HT-7装置上软X射线能谱诊断系统,用软X射线能谱对HT-7托卡马克上电子温度进行了测量。在离子伯恩斯坦波和低杂波协同实验中,观察到了对等离子体的较好的加热效果。     

Characteristics of electron cyclotron resonance plasma formed by lower hybrid current drive grill antenna

A 3.7 GHz system, which is meant for LHCD experiments on ADITYA tokamak, is used for producing ECR discharge. The ECR discharge is produced by setting the appropriate resonance magnetic field of 0.13 T, with hydrogen at a fill pressure of about 5 × 10⁻⁵ Torr. The RF power, up to 10 kW (of which ∼50% is reflected back), with a typical pulse length of 50 ms, is injected into the vacuum chamber of the ADITYA tokamak by a LHCD grill antenna and is used for plasma formation. The average coupled RF power density (the RF power/a typical volume of the plasma) is estimated to be ∼5 kW/m³. When the ECR appears inside the tokamak chamber for the given pumping frequency (f = 3.7 GHz) a plasma with a density (n _e) ∼ 4 × 10¹⁶ m⁻³ and electron temperature ∼8 eV is produced. The density and temperature during the RF pulse are measured by sets of Langmuir probes, located toroidally, on either side of the antenna. H_α signals are also monitored to detect ionization. An estimate of density and temperature based on simple theoretical calculation agrees well with our experimental measurements. The plasma produced by the above mechanism is further used to characterize the ECR-assisted low voltage Ohmic start-up discharges. During this part of the experiments, Ohmic plasma is formed using capacitor banks. The plasma loop voltage is gradually decreased, till the discharge ceases to form. The same is repeated in the presence of ECR-formed plasma (RF pre-ionization), formed 10 ms prior to the loop voltage. We have observed that (with LHCD-induced) ECR-assisted Ohmic start-up discharges is reliably and repeatedly obtained with reduced loop voltage requirement and breakdown time decreases substantially. The current ramp-up rates also decrease with reduced loop voltage operation. These studies established that ECR plasma formed with LHCD system exhibits similar characteristics as reported earlier by dedicated ECR systems. This experiment also addresses the issue of whether ECR plasma formed with grill antenna exhibits similar behavior as that formed by single waveguide ECR antenna. Our experimental observations suggest that the characteristics of (LHCD system-induced) ECR-assisted Ohmic start-up discharges show similar properties, reported earlier with normal ECR-assisted Ohmic start-up discharges and hence LHCD system may be used as ECR system at reduced toroidal magnetic field for other applications like wall conditioning.      

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介绍了EAST装置上的384道(极向24道径向16道)的外差混频式电子回旋辐射成像诊断系统及其在EAST及其复杂的电磁环境中的运行情况。在低杂波电流驱动期间,高灵敏度的电子回旋辐射成像系统受到严重干扰以至于无法提供正确的实验数据。通过优化系统各模块的接地、外加多层铜网屏蔽等措施,使得ECEI系统屏蔽效能与改善之前相比提高了40dB,基本保障了EAST装置上电子回旋辐射成像诊断的正常工作。     

EAST 装置电子回旋辐射二维成像系统的屏蔽优化

介绍了EAST 装置上的384 道(极向24 道径向16 道)的外差混频式电子回旋辐射成像诊断系统及其在EAST 及其复杂的电磁环境中的运行情况。在低杂波电流驱动期间,高灵敏度的电子回旋辐射成像系统受到严重干扰以至于无法提供正确的实验数据。通过优化系统各模块的接地、外加多层铜网屏蔽等措施,使得ECEI 系统屏蔽效能与改善之前相比提高了40dB,基本保障了EAST 装置上电子回旋辐射成像诊断的正常工作。