细菌视紫红质/聚合物功能复合膜的特性和应用

细菌视紫红质(Bacteriorhodopsin)是嗜盐菌上的一种膜蛋白，也是一个光驱质子泵，有灵敏的光学响应。将其包埋于聚合物中可显著改善其成膜性。含细菌视紫红质的聚合物功能复合膜同样具有光学活性，其光色性能和光电性能有望应用于光学信息处理和信息存储等诸多方面，具有广阔的研究开发前景。     

光生物化学的新进展: 视色素

本文的目的是简要概述近年来用于研究视色素及细菌视紫红质的新方法,重点放在我在夏威夷大学的研究室里所用的一些手段。计算机图示及分子模拟已被用于分析视黄醛异构体及视黄醛同型物与视蛋白结合的数据,这方面的工作得出了如下主要结论。     

CeO2纳米晶修饰的细菌视紫红质薄膜M态寿命的研究

紫膜中的蛋白质细菌视紫红质(bR)具有独特的光循环和光致变色特性 ,在分子电子学和生物电子技术领域具有广泛的潜在应用价值. 本文采用稀土纳米晶CeO₂对细菌视紫红质 聚乙烯醇(bR-PVA)薄膜进行化学修饰 .研究了纳米晶对bR光循环中的重要中间态M态的寿命的影响. 发现上述稀土纳米晶可延长M态寿命, 且晶粒尺寸越小对M态寿命的影响越大. 纳米晶周围的羟基有助于阻碍席夫碱获得质子, 从而使M态寿命延长.     

菌紫质分子沉积膜的制备

菌紫质分子沉积膜的制备李正强，王力彦，张希，李伯符，沈家骢（吉林大学分子光谱与分子结构开放实验室，长春，１３００２３）胡坤生，王敖金（中国科学院北京生物物理研究所，北京）关键词菌紫质，分子沉积膜，功能结构细菌视紫红质（Ｂａｃｔｅｒｉｏｒｈｏｄｏｐｓｉ...     

嗜盐菌光敏蛋白的提纯方法

对近年来文献中关于嗜盐菌光敏蛋白的提纯方法进行了总结和比较.细菌视紫红质(bR)的提纯主要用凝胶色谱柱的方法,而另外两种感觉视紫红质(SRⅠ和SRⅡ)要依靠高水平的蛋白质表达技术,然后再用Ni亲和层析色谱的方法提纯.由于光敏蛋白是一类具有光活性的蛋白,获得既保持其光活性又具有高纯度的蛋白质晶体是件相当困难的事.     

细菌视紫红质-聚乙烯醇薄膜M态衰减动力学研究

利用闪光光解法和紫外 可见光谱法研究了室温条件下,pH值的增加和干燥时间的延长对细菌视紫红质 (bR)-聚乙烯醇 (PVA)薄膜光循环过程中M态衰减动力学的影响。闪光光解动力学研究表明,M态的衰减随着 pH值的提高和干燥时间的延长而明显减慢,在pH =1 0和干燥时间为 72h的最佳制备条件下薄膜M态的衰减最为缓慢.紫外 可见光谱法表明,M态的衰减可持续 15min以上,比自然条件下M态的寿命提高约 4个数量级.本文还探讨了最佳制备条件下细菌视紫红质-聚乙烯醇薄膜长寿命M态形成的机理.     

交联壳聚糖吸附氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的热力学研究

利用静态吸附实验方法，研究了交联壳聚糖(氨基含量为2．414mmol／g)吸附氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的热力学性质．结果发现其对低浓度的氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的吸附均属于Langmiur型吸附，随着温度的升高，对氯乙酸的吸附量逐渐减少，而对三氯乙酸的吸附量则逐渐增加．其热力学性质表明，该交联壳聚糖对氯乙酸的吸附过程是放热过程，而对三氯乙酸的吸附过程则是吸热过程．     

细菌视紫红质／聚乙烯醇复合膜的制备及相关功能研究

细菌视紫红质（bR)是一种独特的光敏蛋白，具有光致变色和光驱质子泵功能 。将bR蛋白包埋于聚乙烯醇（PVA）基质中，制备了bR/PVA复合膜。利用紫外－可 见分光光度计和自制的毫秒级动力学光谱仪，检测了样品的吸收光谱和光循环M中 间体在脉冲光激发下随时间的变化；同时，利用凝胶扫描成像仪及相关分析软件考 察了样品成膜后的均匀程度。实验表明：bR/PVA复合膜具有良好的均匀性、透明性 和力学性能，而且bR蛋白保持了原有的生物活性和光学性质，bR与M中间体之间能 达到一种光可控制的双稳态，M中间体的寿命也得到了显著的延长，证实了bR可以 提供一个用于信息存储的模型材料。     

Lin光探针法研究不同变性剂对大肠杆菌石破天惊生磷酸酶构象的影响

通过监测大肠杆菌碱性磷酸酶（AP）的109位色氨酸（Trp-109）室温Lin光（RTP）的强度与寿命的变化，探讨了变性剂酸、盐酸及EDTA对AP构象变化的影响。结果表明：Lin光强度、Lin寿命与Trp-109所处的微环境刚性化程度有密切的关系。尤其是盐酸胍的加入，AP经历了曲型的3种变化状态：从稳定折叠态到中间态，最后形成展开态。极少量的EDTA加入，导致蛋白质变性、Lin光减弱和Lin光寿命缩短。     

细菌视紫红质LB膜在ITO电极上的光电化学性质

利用Langmuir-Blodgett技术,可在ITO导电玻璃上沉积出含有细菌视紫红质的紫膜碎片LB膜。紫膜LB膜与电解质相接触,可组成夹层光电池:ITO/bR/电解质/ITO.在可见光照射下,光电池表现出对光强变化所产生的微分响应电流信号,具有仿视觉特征。利用微分响应现象研制了光敏报警器。     

碳笼氧化物的结构和谱学性质

碳笼氧化物对碳笼的官能团化研究具有重要意义,因而激起了人们广泛的研究兴趣。本文对碳笼氧化物C₆₀O_n、C₇₀O_n、C₇₆O_n、C₇₈O_n及C₈₀O_n的结构、电子光谱、红外光谱及核磁共振谱的研究进展进行综合评述。介绍了国内外近十几年来众多研究小组的工作,并结合作者本人在此方面的理论研究成果,进一步探索碳笼氧化物的结构特点以及光谱性质的规律性。在对C₆₀及C₇₀氧化物研究结果与实验符合的基础上,预测高碳笼氧化物的结构和光谱。     

Synthesis and structural studies of complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) with substituted chalcones

Complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) with 3-(2-pyridyl)-1-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-2-propen-1-one (PHPO), 3-(1-naphthyl)-1-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-2-propen-1-one (NHPO) and 3-(3,4-dimethoxy phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-2-propen-1-one (DMPHPO) have been synthesized and characterized by analytical, conductivity, thermal, magnetic, infrared, electronic and electron spin resonance data. Based on analytical data the stoichiometry of the complexes has been found to be 1 : 2. The conductivity data show that all these complexes are non-electrolytes. The infrared spectral data indicate that the ligand PHPO acts as uninegative tridentately towards Co(II) and Ni(II) and bidentately with Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II). Ligands like NHPO and DMPHPO act as uninegative bidentately with all the metal ions. The electronic spectral data suggest that all the Co(II) complexes and Ni(II) of PHPO complex are octahedral and all the Cu(II) and Ni(II) of NHPO and DMPHPO complex are square-planar. The complex of Zn(II) and Cd(II) are tetrahedral. ESR parameters of Cu(II) complexes have been calculated and relevant conclusions have been drawn with respect to the nature of bonds present in them.     

5,10,15,20-四(对氯苯基)卟啉羟基稀土配合物的光谱研究

研究了四(对氯苯基)卟啉及其羟基稀土配合物的紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱和拉曼光谱,对主要谱带进行了经验归属,讨论了中心离子对紫外光谱和共振拉曼光谱结构敏感带频率的影响.     

Diffuse reflection FTIR spectral database of dyes and pigments

24 pigments commonly used in art have been characterized by diffuse reflection infrared spectroscopy (DR). All of the compounds have also been characterized by means of infrared absorption spectroscopy to demonstrate the reliability of the DR technique. This is the first record of the use of this technique as an analytical tool in conservation science, and the results appear to be promising for the identification of unknown pigments used on historical and artwork artifacts. Although the DR technique used here is not nondestructive, it can still be usefully applied to the analysis of artwork since it requires only a very small quantity of sample for analysis.     

Comparative IR spectroscopic study of phosphorus-containing dendrimers built of thiophosphoryl, cyclophosphazene and phthalocyanine cores

The FTIR spectra of four generations of phosphorus-containing dendrimers built of thiophosphoryl, cyclophosphazene and phthalocyanine cores with terminal benzaldehyde and P–Cl groups have been recorded and analyzed. FT-Raman spectra of four generations of phosphorus dendrimers built of cyclotriphosphazene core with terminal benzaldehyde groups have been detected. Their spectral pattern is determined by the ratio T_n/R_n (T_n—number of terminal groups, R_n—number of repeating units). This ratio trends to r − 1 (r—branching functionality of repeating unit), and becomes constant, when the generation number is higher than 3. Experimental IR spectra of dendrimers built of thiophosphoryl, cyclophosphazene and phthalocyanine cores are very closely similar. The dependence of band full width at half height in IR spectra on the number of dendrons is established. The possibility appears to separate the bands assigned to the core, repeating units and terminal groups of dendrimers by difference spectroscopy method.     

The synthesis and characterization of norbornylsilasesquioxanes

Norbornene reacts with trichlorosilane to generate norbornyltrichlorosilane in high yield. The slow hydrolysis of norbornyltrichlorosilane in acetone yields incompletely condensed norbornyl-silasesquioxanes. The compound C₄₂H₇₀O₁₁Si₆ can be isolated from this reaction. On the basis of elemental analyses, ¹H, ¹³C and ²⁹Si NMR, mass spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and crystallographic analysis, C₄₂H₇₀O₁₁Si₆ is formulated as [(C₇H₁₁)₆Si₆O₇(OH)₄], with the Si₆O₇ framework being composed of two perpendicular Si₄O₄ planes sharing an edge. [(C₇H₁₁)₆Si₆O₇(OH)₄] is a putative model of vicinal [Si(OH)]₂ sites on the surface of partially dehydroxylated silica.     

铜(Ⅱ)离子与神经红蛋白的相互作用

利用紫外可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱及圆二色(CD)光谱研究了铜髤离子与神经红蛋白(NGB)的相互作用。结果表明,Cu2+离子使NGB在280nm处的紫外吸收增强,说明Cu2+与NGB发生了相互作用;Cu2+使NGB内源性荧光发生猝灭,其猝灭机制为静态猝灭;同步荧光光谱表明,Cu2+使色氨酸微环境的疏水性有所降低,Cu2+对NGB的作用位点更接近于色氨酸;CD光谱显示Cu2+没有引起NGB二级结构明显的变化。     

Preparation and investigation of the crystals formed in the buckminsterfullerene-tetraselenotetracene-carbon disulfide system

Crystals containing up to 30 wt. % CS₂, according to the data of IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, were isolated from the C₆₀-TSeT-CS₂ (TSeT is tetraselenotetracene) system. The unusually high concentration of carbon disulfide results in the complete sublimation of the crystals at a relatively high temperature (520 °C). The electron energy loss spectra of the crystals obtained were measured and analyzed.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 845–848, May, 1995.This work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Projects No. 93-03-18002, 93-03-18705, and 93-03-5650).     

L-谷氨酸桥连的卟啉二联体配体及其铜配合物的合成、表征和性质研究

合成了未见报道的L-谷氨酸桥连的卟啉二联体配体及其铜的金属配合物, 并用红外光谱, 电子吸收光谱, 核磁氢谱, 元素分析和质谱等对化合物的结构加以确认, 研究了配体和金属配合物的CD, 拉曼光谱和荧光光谱的变化. 结果显示在配体中没有出现劈裂的Cotton效应, 而铜配合物中出现了劈裂的正负Cotton效应, 配体的荧光强度强于铜配合物的荧光强度, 在拉曼光谱中, 由于卟啉分子平面的对称性由D_2h变为D_4h群及其铜离子d轨道的电子效应, 在卟啉配体和铜配合物之间的拉曼光谱有很大差别.     

The fluorescence of ellagic acid and its borax complex

The absorption and fluorescence properties of the plant phenol ellagic acid have been studied in alcohol and aqueous solutions. Fluorescence is weak in all kinds of solvents, but is greatly enhanced by addition of borax. The resulting complex emits much more intensely in methanol than in water solution. UV and fluorescence data reveal that the complex formed in methanol is different from the complex formed in aqueous solution. The enormous fluorescence enhancement of ellagic acid by borax offers a simple method for the visualization and quantification of the potent anti-mutagen ellagic acid as well as a fluorimetric method for the determination of boron.The IUPAC name for ellagic acid is 2,3,7,8-tetra-hydroxy[1]benzopyrano[5,4,3—c,d,e][1]-benzopyran-5,10-dione.