钒酸钇晶体折射率和折射率温度系数的测定

本文报道了钒酸钇(YVO4)晶体主折射率及其温度系数的测量,用自准直法在20～140℃温度范围内测量了这种晶体在488nm、632.8nm、1079.5nm和1341.4nm波长上的折射率,并得到了上述波长上的折射率温度系数和测量温度范围内修正的Sellmeier方程的常数,用得到的Sellmeier常数计算了1064nm波长下 YVO4晶体的双折射率(Δn),计算的Δn＝0.2082。结果与文献报道的值相当吻合。     

钨酸锶及其稀土激活离子掺杂的新型拉曼与自拉曼激光晶体

本文以钨酸锶(SrWO4)晶体为例,介绍了拉曼光学晶体的性质.近年来我们用熔体提拉法成功生长出的一系列纯的和稀土离子掺杂的钨酸锶(SrWO4)晶体.测试了纯SrWO4晶体的热性能和折射率,并拟合出晶体折射率的色散方程.测试了Nd∶ SrWO4晶体的偏振吸收谱、近红外偏振荧光谱和荧光寿命发射曲线,结果显示,Nd∶ SrWO4晶体具有优异的光谱性能.进行了一系列的激光实验,测试了纯SrWO4晶体的拉曼激光性能,及Nd∶ SrWO4晶体的自拉曼激光性能.结果 表明,SrWO4晶体是一个性能优越的拉曼晶体.     

Nd0.007Gd0.993VO4晶体折射率和折射率温度系数的测量

利用自准直法,在20℃到170℃温度范围和0.4880μm、0.6328μm、1.0640μm、1.0795μm、1.3414μm等波长测量了Nd0.007Gd0.993VO4晶体的折射率,得到了这种晶体的Sellmeier方程和折射率温度系数.为了验证得到结果的可靠性,利用得到的Sellmeier方程计算1.0640μm的寻常光和异常光的折射率,并与实验测量的结果进行比较,两者的差异不大于2.2×10-4,处在测量误差的范围内.测量结果表明在室温下,对1.0640μm波长的双折射率为0.2201,双折射率温度变化率为4.3×10-6/℃.因此,与YVO4相仿,这种晶体不仅是一种优秀的激光基质材料,而且是一种优秀的双折射晶体.     

铌酸钾锂晶体的生长和缺陷

用电阻加热提拉法生长了一系列较大尺寸,组分离子均匀性较好的铌酸钾锂晶体.利用X射线荧光光谱法测量了不同配比的熔体中生长出的晶体组成,用同步辐射X射线测量了晶体结构,结果表明随晶体组成变化,晶体的晶格常数发生了变化.根据晶体组分离子浓度与折射率的关系研究了晶体折射率变化情况,结果表明用本方法生长的大尺寸KLN晶体,寻常折射率no在测量误差范围内没有变化,非寻常折射率ne的变化率在820nm仅为1.22×10-4/mm,在410nm仅为1.93×10-4/mm.晶体的干涉条纹证明了晶体有良好的光学均匀性.结合晶体生长实验,探讨了改进晶体组分离子浓度分布均匀性的方法,结果表明采用籽晶和坩锅向相同方向旋转可以改善晶体生长界面处组分离子浓度的波动,提高晶体组分离子均匀性.晶体的缺陷研究表明晶体结构完整性较好,位错形状与晶体结构相一致,密度为7.5×104,[001]轴是晶体的极化轴.晶体对890～960nm波长范围的cw-Ti:sapphire激光倍频结果表明晶体有良好的倍频性能.     

Li离子浓度对铌酸钾锂晶体[NbO6]7-八面体畸变的影响

用顶部籽晶法生长了一批不同组成的铌酸钾锂晶,用同步辐射X射线分析了晶体结晶特性,用Philips PW2400 X射线荧光光谱法测量了晶体的组成.对三种组成的晶体样品测量了红外拉曼光谱,分析了晶体中组分离子浓度对晶体红外拉曼光谱特征的影响,结果表明,晶体中位于C格位的Li离子浓度对晶体拉曼光谱产生了强烈的影响,影响的本质在于晶体中Li含量的提高导致晶体中[NbO6]7-八面体畸变程度加大,对八面体晶格振动产生了强烈的影响.     

KTP晶体的水热法生长及其光学性能的测量

使用水热法成功生长出大尺寸、高质量的KTP晶体,对该晶体的光学性能进行测量分析.由LambDA900分光光度计测量得到的水热法生长KTP晶体的透过率曲线表明晶体具有良好的光透过性能,其透过短波下限与熔盐法生长的KTP晶体基本相当.利用自准直法精确测量水热法生长KTP晶体的折射率,拟合得到30℃下折射率的Sellmeier方程的系数,并计算532nm与1319nm波长对应的主轴折射率,计算值与实验值相吻合.     

2.7μm激光晶体Yb,Er,Ho∶GSGG的生长与光谱性能研究

用提拉法成功生长出了Yb,Er,Ho∶ GSGG晶体,对其光谱性能进行了研究.测量了晶体在320～3000 nm波段内的吸收光谱.用970 nm激光激发,测量了晶体的稳态和瞬态荧光光谱,拟合得到2.7～3 μm激光上下能级寿命,用F-L公式计算了晶体的发射截面.与Er∶ GSGG和Yb,Er∶ GSGG晶体的光谱参数进行了比较,结果表明,Yb,Er,Ho∶GSGG是一种更适合LD泵浦,实现低阈值、高效率2.79 μm激光输出的新型激光晶体.     

Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+): KY(WO_4)_2晶体光谱的各向异性分析

在室温下测量和分析Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+): KY(WO_4)_2晶体三个折射率主轴方向上的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,其吸收光谱和荧光光谱谱带强度明显呈现各向异性;用修正的Judd-Ofelt理论计算Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+): KY(WO_4)_2晶体中Er~(3+)在三个折射率主轴方向上的强度参量Ω_t (t=2,4,6)和各吸收谱带的电偶极跃迁振子强度,同时计算了Yb~(3+)在三个轴向上980 nm波长处的积分吸收截面.结果表明:Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+): KY(WO_4)_2晶体吸收光谱和荧光光谱存在各向异性,N_p轴为Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+): KY(WO_4)_2激光晶体的最佳泵浦轴向.     

二苯甲酮晶体的过冷熔体生长及性能

本文采用过冷熔体法进行二苯甲酮晶体的生长实验,得到尺寸约为30mm×40mm×60mm的单晶.测定了单晶的光谱透射率、折射率及SHG系数,并与溶液法生长的结果进行比较,发现过冷熔体法生长的二苯甲酮单晶在近紫外到近红外波段具有更为优异的光学特性,适合用作YAG激光倍频晶体,也可用作黄绿波段激光调制器.     

稀土掺杂钨酸钆钠激光晶体的生长及性能研究

采用提拉法生长出纯的和Nd3+、Tm3+、Ho3+、Dy3+、Pr3+掺杂的大尺寸优质NaGd(WO4)2 晶体.测定了晶体沿(001)和(100)方向的热膨胀系数.测定了晶体的折射率,得到了折射率的色散方程.测量了NaGd(WO4)2 晶体的拉曼光谱,对晶体的振动性能进行研究.对稀土离子掺杂的NaGd(WO4)2 晶体进行了一系列的光谱性质研究,并进行了Judd-Ofelt理论计算.Nd3+:NaGd(WO4)2和Tm3+:NaGd(WO4)2晶体在800 nm附近吸收峰的半高宽和吸收截面较大,有利于LD泵浦.测定了不同能级的荧光寿命,发现Nd3+:NaGd(WO4)2 晶体具有较高的荧光量子效率.采用氙灯闪光灯作为泵浦源,研究了Nd3+:NaGd(WO4)2晶体1060 nm的激光特性.     

Cao.28Ba0.72Nb2O6单晶的光学常数及吸收特性

山大晶体所采用提拉法生长出新晶体铌酸钙钡.本文通过分光光度计和椭偏光谱仪分别测得室温下铌酸钙钡的透射率和折射率随波长的变化关系.透射率光谱显示该晶体在波长大于380nm的可见光谱区是透明的.色散关系表明此材料的双折射较大,在短波区域寻常光及非常光的折射率之差约为0.12.此外,由透射率曲线计算了可见光范围内铌酸钙钡的吸收系数.从而得到吸收系数的平方根与光子能量的函数关系曲线.通过对该曲线的研究,发现铌酸钙钡晶体吸收边以下对应的跃迁为间接跃迁,计算出间接跃迁的禁带宽度Eg以及声子能量Ep.     

Investigation of the optical properties of KGd(WO<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript>:Nd<Superscript>3+</Superscript> crystals with allowance for absorption

The optical properties of a biaxial absorbing KGd(WO₄)₂:Nd³⁺ crystal have been investigated. The main refractive indices were measured in the visible spectral range and the absorption and transmission spectra of samples of these crystals were studied. The changes in the refractive indices were in the region of the absorption bands with the use of the Kramers-Kronig relation. Conoscopic pictures of this crystal in the regions of transparency and absorption bands were calculated and are presented.     

Zn3BPO7晶体的THz和红外吸收光谱

本文研究了Zn3BPO7(ZBP)晶体的THz时域光谱以及从中红外到远红外的吸收光谱,以及6.6 cm-1 (0.2 THz)～4000 cm-1宽频段的红外光谱光学性质.THz吸收光谱表明晶体在0.5～1.2 THz有较好的透射性质,在1.7 THz和2.5 THz分别存在一个泛频共振峰和基频共振峰,并且折射率稳定.在远红外区(100～2700 cm-1)晶体的透射率极小,几乎接近于零.在中红外波段(2700～4000 cm-1)晶体具有较好的透射性质.50～4000 cm-1波段的吸收规律表明ZBP晶体具有做成特定波段滤波器的潜力.     

Thermal conductivity and refractive indices of Nd:GdVO4 crystals

The thermal conductivities of Nd:YAG, M(Y,Gd)VO₄ crystals were measured at 298 K. The value of Nd:GdVO₄ crystal along <001> direction was 11.4 W/mK, which was higher than that of YAG crystal measured to be 10.7 W/mK. The principal refractive indices of Nd:GdVO₄ crystal in the temperature range from 20 °C to 170 °C were determined by auto‐collimation method. Based on the measured values of refractive indices, the Sellmeier equation and expression of temperature dependence of refractive indices have been obtained. The measured results show that the birefringence Δn is 0.22007 at 20 °C and temperature coefficient of birefringence is 4.33 × 10⁻⁶/°C for 1.064 μm. These results prove that the GdVO₄ crystal is a laser crystal with excellent thermal and birefringence properties. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Measurement of Refractive Index of GaP Crystal over a Large Temperature Range Using Interferometry

The refractive index of GaP single crystal was measured through room temperature (300K) to 1200K at a wavelength of 780 nm by using an interferometry with a laser diode. To get a more accurate result, the thermal expansion coefficient of GaP crystal, which would be one parameter for the measurement of the refractive index, was measured by a diratometer equipped with laser interferometry against temperature in the range from room temperature to 973K. It was confirmed that the linear thermal expansion coefficient was a function of temperature. In this report, an empirical function was obtained to calculate the refractive index at any temperature for GaP crystal. The result shows that the refractive index of GaP varies from 3.1907 to 3.3354 in the temperature range from 300K to 1200K at the wavelength of 780nm.     

Growth and characterization of calcium lithium tantalum gallium garnet single crystal

A new disordered garnet single crystal, calcium lithium tantalum gallium garnet (CLTGG) was grown by the Czochralski method. The lattice parameter of the crystal has been determined to be a=12.508±0.001 Å by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). The melting point of CLTGG was measured to be 1548 °C. The crystal possesses a wide transmission range from the ultraviolet to infrared, which is advantageous for applications as a laser host material. The refractive indices were also measured by the V-prism method.     

坩埚下降法生长La2Ti2O7晶体及其光性能研究

采用高温坩埚下降法生长La2 Ti2 O7晶体,获得的晶体尺寸约为18 mm× 12 mm× 10 mm,其表面出现了一系列(004)解理面.X射线双摇摆曲线表明该晶体具有良好的结晶质量.透过光谱显示退火后的La2 Ti2 O7晶体在可见光范围内是透明的,当波长在800 nm左右时,透过率将显著下降.La2 Ti2 O7晶体的吸收边出现在500 nm波长附近.光折射指数分析表明退火La2 Ti2 O7晶体具有高的折射率.折射率色散方程确定为n2(λ) =4.61643 +0.16198/(λ2-0.01547) -0.47201λ2,利用该公式可计算出300～1680 nm范围内任意波长下的折射指数n值.     

Determination of the supersaturation in the LiIO3–HIO3–H2O system using a refractive index value at near saturation concentration

The exact determination of supersaturation is essential for the studies of crystal growth processes in solutions. Due to peculiarities in the solubility of LiIO₃, the refractive index of the solution is chosen as a measure of the supersaturation instead of undercooling. The experimental setup is based on a refractometer and a special setup to create supersaturation in the cuvette by means of successive evaporation of small amounts of solvent. The refractive index is measured at different solution concentrations and pH and the data are correlated as dependences of concentration and pH on the refractive index. The accuracy of the method and the adequacy of the model are discussed.