我国军用标准物质汇集

简要概述了标准物质的发展状况,汇集了军工所需的并经国家技术监督局审批发布的一级标准物质及其研制单位。     

我国标准物质的管理及其发展

阐述了我国标准物质的分类、分级、编号及其管理。描述了标准物质的溯源体系及定值的组织系统,介绍了国际标准物质信息库。     

不饱和脂肪酸标准物质研制之商榷

探讨了不饱和脂肪酸标准物质的制备,分析定值。     

The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the production of environmental certified reference materials

The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the production of environmental certified reference materials by the National Research Council of Canada is reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of isotope dilution ICP-MS. Results for fresh and saline natural waters, fish tissues and sediments are presented to illustrate the impressive capabilities of this technique.     

锌合金标准物质中铅的测定

叙述了以沉淀分离—原子吸收法测定锌合金标准物质中铅的分析方法。实验结果证明,方法操作简便,数据准确可靠。     

Preparation and certification of arsenobetaine reference material NMIJ CRM 7901-a

An arsenobetaine [(CH₃)₃As⁺CH₂COO⁻] solution reference material, NMIJ CRM 7901-a, intended for use in the speciation of arsenic compounds, was developed and certified by the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), part of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The high-purity arsenobetaine powder was synthesized from trimethylarsine [(CH₃)₃As], and it was dissolved in water in order to prepare 20 mg kg⁻¹ of arsenobetaine standard solution. The solution was bottled in 500 bottles (each containing 10 ml). Certification of the CRM for arsenobetaine was conducted by NMIJ. The concentration of As was determined by four independent analytical techniques (ICP–MS, ICP–OES, GFAAS and LC–ICP–MS), and each result was converted to the arsenobetaine concentration by applying an appropriate factor. The arsenobetaine concentration in the CRM was thus certified.     

The view of IRMM on accreditation of CRM producers

This article describes the views of IRMM on accreditation of CRM producers and the philosophy which is behind these views. More specifically, it explains the reasons for choosing ISO Guide 34 rather than ISO/IEC 17025 as the basis document for the proposed accreditation of its CRM activites. Received: 27 May 2002 Accepted: 11 July 2002 Acknowledgements Information on accreditation programmes in Australia and USA provided by Maree Stuart (NATA) and Randall V. Querry (AL2A) is greatly acknowledged. Correspondence to J. Pauwels     

钨合金标准物质稳定性考察

对一级军用标准物质JBWY05901钨合金标准物质稳定性检验的化学分析方法进行了比较选择,提出了该标准物质稳定性检验方法,给出了检验数据的统计处理方法及稳定性检验结果。     

Filling the AOAC triangle with food-matrix standard reference materials

Well-characterized reference materials are needed by laboratories in the food testing and nutrition communities to facilitate compliance with nutritional labeling laws, to provide traceability for food exports needed for acceptance in many foreign markets, and to improve the accuracy of nutrition information that is provided to assist consumers in making sound dietary choices. As a result of the enactment of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 and the Infant Formula Act of 1980, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed a suite of food-matrix Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) characterized for nutrient concentrations. These include SRM 1544 Fatty Acids and Cholesterol in a Frozen Diet Composite, SRM 1546 Meat Homogenate, SRM 1548a Typical Diet, SRM 1566b Oyster Tissue, SRM 1846 Infant Formula, SRM 1946 Lake Superior Fish Tissue, SRM 2383 Baby Food Composite, SRM 2384 Baking Chocolate, SRM 2385 Spinach, and SRM 2387 Peanut Butter. Many of these materials were developed at the request of the food industry to populate a nine-sectored fat-protein-carbohydrate triangle developed by AOAC International. With the completion of SRM 2387, SRMs representing each sector of the triangle are now available. These food-matrix reference materials are intended primarily for validation of analytical methods for the measurement of proximates, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and so on in foods of similar composition. They may also be used as "primary control materials" in the value-assignment of in-house, secondary, control materials to confirm accuracy as well as to establish traceability to NIST.     

Certified reference materials—Hay Powder (CRM 129) and Rye Grass (CRM 281)—for the quality control of analysis of animal feed

Analyses of nutritive elements are routinely performed in grass or hay for animal feed in order to improve the state of health and growth of domestic animals. To control the quality of such determinations, the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) so far has produced two certified reference materials: Hay Powder (CRM 129) and Rye Grass (CRM 281). After a careful preparation procedure of the materials, a homogeneity study and a long-term stability study, the contents of the elements Ca, K, Mg, P, S, Zn, I, N and Kjeldahl-N were certified in CRM 129, whereas CRM 281 was certified for As, B, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se and Zn. This paper presents the certification exercise and especially concentrates on the elements I, B and Mo as examples of analytical work. Indicative values for Co, Cr, Fe, Cl and Na were also obtained.     

标准物质在科研设备质量控制体系中的使用和管理

阐述了标准物质的应用和管理在科研设备质量控制体系中的重要性,指出了现阶段科研设备用标准物质存在的问题,并提出了对策。     

乙烯、丙烯中多元标准混合气体分析方法及定值方法的研究

论述了乙烯、丙烯中多元标准混合气体气相色谱分析方法，给出了分析条件及方法的相对标准偏差，并就该标准气体配制的均匀性、稳定性的变化结果进行了分析与考察，同时对标准气体的性能及不确定度进行了评价。     

Reference materials for energy and temperature calibrations of DTA and DSC instrumentation in the range 100–300 K

Fourteen organic compounds, 1-pentene, 2-methylbutane, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene),n-pentane, 2-chloropropane, ethyl alcohol, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane,n-hexane,n-hepatane, 1,3-difluorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, hexafluorobenzene, cyclohexane and diphenyl ether, as new reference materials for energy and temperature calibrations of differential thermal analysers (DTA) and differential scanning calorimeters (DSC) in the temperature range 100–300 K, were investigated. The purities, triple point and transition temperatures, fusion and transition enthalpies of these compounds were measured using a low-temperature DTA apparatus developed by the CTM of the CNRS in Marseille. The results obtained were compared with those produced by adiabatic precision calorimetry. Our data are in good agreement with literature values. Enthalpies of fusion and transition, triple point and transition temperatures are reproduced within ±1% and ±0.1K, respectively. during the period 1991–2.     

分析用标准样品氟铃脲的合成、纯化及表征

合成了氟铃脲农药粗品,通过活性炭吸附、重结晶进行初步纯化;然后采用柱层析分离技术,以硅胶为填料,乙酸乙酯／石油醚（30～60℃）（1：3,V／V）为展开剂（Rf≈0．5）进行提纯。用紫外光谱（UV）、红外光谱（IR）、核磁共振（^1H NMR,^13C NMR）及质谱（MS）进行了结构表征;以高效液相色谱法测得该试样纯度在99％以上。     

The role of reference materials in food analysis

Reliability and accuracy of measurements in food and agricultural materials are essential both for implementation of the legislation concerning public health and consumer protection and for the elimination of disputes arising from trade requirements and technical barriers. In such process the crucial step is represented by the programmes aimed at the quality assurance of analytical data produced by laboratories involved in food analysis. In this framework a major role is played by the proper use of reference materials. This report provides an overview on relevance, availability, use, certification procedures and perspective of reference materials in food analysis. Measurement harmonization procedures are also discussed.     

Short- and long-time neutron activation analysis of egyptian phosphate reference materials

Three Egyptian phosphate reference materials (S1, S2 and S3) were investigated using short-term activation analysis. The precision of the determination of Dy, Sc, Gd, Yb, Mg, V, F, Al, Mn, and Ca by this method ranged from 2 to 5% due to the homogeneity factor. Another 11 elements were determined by NAA using medium and long-lived nuclides. Most results were in good agreement with the recommended values. The values of Dy and Gd are reported.     

临床检验量值溯源及其标准物质的研究现状

介绍临床检验量值溯源及标准物质在临床检验领域的重要性与必要性,比较了国内外临床检验用标准物质及临床参考系统的研究现状。建议国家应投入资金,研制更多的高等级临床用标准物质,建立较完整的临床检验溯源体系,提高国际互认能力并降低重复测量费用。     

Update on COMAR: the Internet database for certified reference materials

This paper describes the COMAR database for certified reference materials (CRMs). The Web-based version of COMAR is freely accessible via the Internet. COMAR was established to assist laboratories in finding the CRMs needed. The database is maintained in a collaboration of the world’s major CRM producers. The planned changes in the database as agreed at the last COMAR council meeting in Prague in May 2006 are indicated.

Standard reference materials (SRMs) for determination of organic contaminants in environmental samples

For the past 25 years the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed certified reference materials (CRMs), known as standard reference materials (SRMs), for determination of organic contaminants in environmental matrices. Assignment of certified concentrations has usually been based on combining results from two or more independent analytical methods. The first-generation environmental-matrix SRMs were issued with certified concentrations for a limited number (5 to 10) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Improvements in the analytical certification approach significantly expanded the number and classes of contaminants determined. Environmental-matrix SRMs currently available include air and diesel particulate matter, coal tar, marine and river sediment, mussel tissue, fish oil and tissue, and human serum, with concentrations typically assigned for 50 to 90 organic contaminants, for example PAHs, nitro-substituted PAHs, PCBs, chlorinated pesticides, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users.     

Standard Reference Materials to support US regulations for nutrients and contaminants in food and dietary supplements

To address the measurement and standard needs of the food and nutrition communities, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed a suite of food-matrix Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) characterized for nutrient concentrations. These food-matrix SRMs include infant formula, baby food, and typical diet composites; meat homogenate, oyster, mussel, and fish tissues; baking chocolate; peanut butter; and spinach. Many of these materials were developed based on recommendations of the food industry to populate a nine-sectored triangle, developed by the Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC) International, in which foods are positioned based on their fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents. Value assignment of proximates, vitamins, and elements of nutritional interest in these food-matrix SRMs has been based primarily on the combination of results from measurements at NIST and from a group of collaborating laboratories involved in food measurements. Food-matrix SRMs are now available that are representative of all nine sectors of the AOAC International food-matrix triangle. Current activities are focused on the development of SRMs for dietary supplements including botanical and multivitamin/multielement materials.Presented at the CCQM Workshop on Comparability and Traceability in Food Analysis, 18–19 November 2003, BIPM, Sèvres, France.